35 kV及以下XLPE电力电缆试验方法的研究

通过对交链聚乙烯（ＸＬＰＥ）电力电缆试品的工频、０．１Ｈｚ超低频和振荡３种击穿电压的平行比对试验研究,探讨能够有效发现、判别ＸＬＰＥ电力电缆运行故障隐患的试验方法,试验研究结果表明：振荡波电压试验能够有效地发现电力电缆及其附件的制造和安装质量缺陷,超低频电压试验能够有效地发现电力电缆及其附件绝缘树枝状早期劣化缺陷;工频电压试验是一种较好的方法,需进一步深入研究。     

Correlation between tan δ diagnostic measurements and breakdown performance at VLF for MV XLPE cables

The main contribution of this paper is to investigate the correlation between Tan ? diagnostic measurements at 0.1 Hz (Very Low Frequency-VLF) and VLF breakdown performance for Medium Voltage (MV) cable samples through a laboratory test program. The cable samples used are a set of 15 kV, Cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE), unjacketed cables removed from the field, the same service area, and having experienced similar operating conditions for almost four decades. The test program includes Tan δmeasurements at different voltage levels and a subsequent VLF extended step-withstand test. The VLF step test allows the evaluation of risk of failure during VLF Tan δtesting and assessment of the ultimate performance of the cables. The Tan ? diagnostic measurements are represented by the Tan δvalue and Tip-up, which are considered the classical metrics. However, the paper also suggests the use of a new additional diagnostic feature that takes into account the scatter in the Tan δmeasurements for a particular test voltage level.     

XLPE电力电缆耐压试验的探讨

概述了XLPE电缆的直流耐压试验、超低频耐压试验、振荡波电压试验和变频谐振试验,提出了直流耐压试验存在的问题,对运行过的电缆不再推荐做直流耐压试验,指出了超低频0.1Hz耐压试验对XLPE电缆才是可行有效的耐压方法.     

Practical Application of ±250‐kV DC‐XLPE Cable for Hokkaido–Honshu HVDC Link

The long‐term dc properties of DC‐XLPE insulation materials, which have been developed for dc use, were investigated. It was found that the lifetime of DC‐XLPE under dc voltage application is extended by the addition of nano‐sized filler. The time dependence of the space charge distribution at 50 kV/mm was observed for 7 days. Almost no accumulation of space charge in DC‐XLPE was found. The 250‐kV DC‐XLPE cables and accessories were manufactured and subjected to a type test and PQ test for use in the Hokkaido–Honshu dc link facility owned by the Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. These tests were performed under conditions that included a polarity reversal test for line commutated converter (LCC) systems as recommended in CIGRE TB 219. The test temperature was 90 °C. The type test and PQ test were successfully completed. The DC‐XLPE cable and accessories were installed in summer 2012 for the Hokkaido–Honshu dc link. After the installation of the dc extruded cable system, a dc high‐voltage test at 362.5 kV (=1.45 PU) for 15 min was successfully completed in accordance with CIGRE TB 219. This dc extruded cable system was put into operation in December 2012 as the world's highest‐voltage extruded dc cable in service and the world's first dc extruded cable for a LCC system including polarity reversal operation.     

Selectivity of damped AC (DAC) and VLF voltages in after-laying tests of extruded MV cable systems

The purpose of HV after-laying tests on cable systems on-site is to check the quality of installation. The test on extruded MV cable systems is usually a voltage test. However, in order to enhance the quality of after installation many researchers have proposed performance of diagnosis tests such as detection, location and identification of partial discharges (PD) and tan /spl delta/ measurements. Damped AC voltage (DAC) also called oscillating voltage waves (OVW) is used for PD measurement in after-laying tests of new cables and in diagnostic test of old cables. Continuous AC voltage of very low frequency (VLF) is used for withstand voltage tests as well as for diagnostic tests with PD and tan /spl delta/ measurements. Review on the DAC and VLF tests to detect defects during on-site after-laying tests of extruded MV cable systems is presented. Selectivity of DAC and VLF voltages in after-laying testing depends on different test parameters. PD process depends on type and frequency of the test voltage and hence, the breakdown voltage is different. The withstand voltage of XLPE cable insulation decreases linearly with increasing frequency in log scale. Experimental studies with artificial XLPE cable model indicate that detection of defects with DAC or VLF voltage can be done at a lower voltage than with DC. DAC voltage is sensitive in detecting defects that cause a breakdown due to void discharge, while VLF is sensitive in detecting defects that cause breakdown directly led by inception of electrical trees.     

66 kV抗水树XLPE绝缘轻型海底电缆研制

介绍一种额定电压66 kV抗水树XLPE绝缘轻型海底电缆的研制方法。通过对模型电缆进行工频电压和雷电冲击电压击穿性能测试,按照CIGRE TB 722:2018规范对研制样品进行500 Hz/3000 h、50 Hz/8750 h、50 Hz/17500 h 3种湿式绝缘质量鉴定试验,按照CIGRE TB 490:2012和CIGRE TB 623:2015规范对研制产品进行型式试验,试验结果完全满足设计规范要求。在未来的深远海、大功率海上风机互联阵列海缆选型中,66 kV抗水树XLPE绝缘轻型海底电缆可以完美替代35 kV XLPE绝缘海底电缆。     

高压交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆耐压试验方法的研究

通过对高压交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆进行直流耐压、0．1Hz超低频耐压、工频谐振以及调频串联谐振耐压等试验方法的分析比较，指出直流耐压对交联聚乙烯电缆的危害；超低频试验能有效发现电缆的水树故障；串联谐振的等效性最好；调频揩振试验方法等效性较好，设备轻便，试品长度的范围几乎不受限制。针对高压交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆耐压试验方法提出了建议。     

Research and development of ±250 kV DC XLPE cables

This paper describes the development of ±250 kV DC XLPE cables. Through a series of material investigations and the evaluation of model cables using two kinds of XLPE compound containing inorganic filler to suppress the accumulation of space charge within XLPE insulation, ±250 kV DC XLPE cables and factory joints were designed and manufactured. To check the DC electrical performance and reliability of ±250 kV DC submarine cable, electrical tests, mechanical test and long-term aging tests were performed. The test results showed that they had sufficient properties and reliability for practical use     

Recommendations in HV DC testing of MV cable insulation

Research and field reported data supports the theory that high voltage DC testing can reduce the life of both unaged and aged medium-voltage cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable insulation. This research led an industry movement to eliminate factory DC testing, and reduce the field level and frequency of DC testing. DC factory testing identifies an imperfection in the insulation wall as well as mechanical damage. The test sequence in the factory is to perform the AC voltage withstand and corona tests first, followed by the DC withstand test. The AC withstand and corona test levels today are very demanding and locate the same insulation imperfections. Therefore, it can be inferred that today's level of AC withstand and corona testing positively locates insulation imperfections and the following DC testing is redundant and not required. Statistical analysis of factory testing shows that DC testing after AC withstand and corona tests has no additional benefit. The changes and recommendations made by the Association of Edison Illuminating Companies to DC testing are outlined     

高压交联电缆现场交流耐压试验

分析了直流耐压试验对交联聚乙烯电缆存在的缺点和问题 ,通过比较 ,选择了变频谐振装置在山东电网开展高压交联电缆的现场交流耐压试验 ,并介绍了交流耐压实例     

振荡波电压在XLPE电力电缆检测中的应用

介绍了一种基于振荡波理论的振荡波电压测试系统及其国内外研究现状;讨论了该测试系统在电力电缆的耐压试验、局部放电检测中的应用。研究表明,振荡波电压与交流电压具有良好的等效性,且与交流电压、超低频电压(0.1 Hz)相比,作用时间短、操作方便,可发现XLPE电力电缆中的各种缺陷,不会对电缆造成损伤,因此振荡波电压测试系统具有良好的应用前景。     

Study on detection for the defects of XLPE cable lines

This paper reports the results of a basic study of testing methods to replace the DC after laying test that is presently most frequently used as an after laying test for XLPE power cable lines. Chosen as the alternative waveforms for DC voltage were damped oscillating wave (OSW) and very-low-frequency wave (VLF) voltages. Experiments were conducted on the ability to detect various types of line defects under these voltages. It was found that these alternative waveforms are promising as after laying test voltage waveforms to replace DC and that greater defect detection ability can be achieved by combining them when conducting tests     

VLF电压试验电压幅值与试验时间的优选

VLF电压试验电压(UT)和试验时间(tT)的选取直接影响到有效地发现绝缘缺陷的概率,但目前电力电缆线路VLF电压试验时如何选取UT和tT仍无明确结论。1980年以来各国标准规定值差异很大,试验的有效性和等效性尚在探讨之中,目前一般取UT=2~3.5U0(U0为相电压),tT=15~60 min。长期积累的运行经验和理论及试验研究证实,延长tT和提高UT将对电缆介质造成不可逆损害,导致介质早期击穿。因此结合国内外现场和试验室研究结果并采用数理统计分析的方法优选了VLF(0.1 Hz)UT和tT。结果表明:UT=3U0时,tT取40 min,基本能够满足电力电缆线路绝缘品质判别的现场试验要求。     

关于110kV交联电缆(XLPE)竣工试验的探讨

目前国内基于试验设备的情况和试验条件的限制,对于110kV交联电缆的耐压试验多数还是采用直流192kV、15分钟作为标准,IEC60840则对于交联电缆的耐压试验推荐采用交流系统最高运行电压、5分钟作为试验标准。110kV三蕉线前后两次分别采用了直流、交流作了试验,根据两次试验的结果,结合国内外形势发展趋势,有必要制订本行业关于110kV交联电缆(XLPE)竣工试验的标准。     

Discrimination between internal PD and other pulses usingdirectional coupling sensors on HV cable systems

On-site partial discharge (PD) measurement is required to ensure proper installation of extra high voltage (EHV) cable systems accessories. To achieve high sensitivity and good localization, two problems have to be overcome. First, the strong high frequency in long XLPE cables requires that the sensors be located along the cable, preferably directly at the accessories. Secondly, the detection system must be able to distinguish internal PD from other pulses. This paper describes a solution based on directional coupling sensors and a data visualization system, which displays phase-amplitude diagrams for individual PD sources which are identified by the direction of pulse propagation. It has been applied to on-site measurements, type and routine testing of HV cable joints and stress cones. Due to the reliable discrimination between internal PD from the accessory measured and from other pulses, testing can be done in unshielded rooms even using terminations with internal PD and corona. The method works independently well on line voltage, resonance sources, oscillating voltages and 0.1 Hz cosine-square voltage. It has been used to verify the cable accessories installed in the 6.3 km long 380 kV cable system in Berlin, Germany     

交流叠加法带电测试XLPE电缆绝缘性能的研究

为避免直流成分法、直流叠加法、低频叠加法等XLPE电缆绝缘检测方法测试困难的缺点,基于交流叠加法理论分析了101Hz信号劣化机理,论证了该法高灵敏、抗干扰、可带电测试的优点。用多种数字滤波结合FFT的办法排除现场干扰及器件漂移电压的影响研制了测试仪器。现场试验结果与实际分析一致,证明该法可行。     

含水树枝XLPE电缆的超低频谐波响应电流特性实验研究

本文对含水树枝XLPE电缆在0．1Hz超低频正弦高电压和在50Hz工频电压下的非线性漏导电流特性进行了对比实验研究,发现含水树枝电缆样品的漏导电流波形畸变出现的电位与电压对时间的积分有关。分析认为,在电场激励下水分进入连接水树枝微孔的微裂纹是造成电漏导电流含有谐波电流的原因,这种超低频正弦电压激励下的漏导电流检测诃用来XLPE电缆绝缘的水树枝老化状态进行了现场离线检测。     

用交流电压进行高压XLPE绝缘电缆线路的现场试验

根据XLPE绝缘电缆用直流电压进行现场试验的经验,要求开发新的方法。现在有一种移动式调频串联揩振装置能够用交流电压进行试验,这意味着适用于塑料绝缘电缆敷设后的试验将有重大突破。配有经由户外户内开关设备而接至电缆线路的连接线,以满足不同用户的要求。     

Study on the dielectric characteristics of DC XLPE cables

The DC characteristics of XLPE (crosslinked polyethylene) power cables were investigated. Cables with an insulation thickness of 2.5 mm, 9 mm, and 13 mm using either XLPE or conductive-inorganic-filled XLPE (XL-A) were manufactured, and four kinds of breakdown tests (DC, polarity reversal, impulse, and superposing opposite polarity impulse on DC prestress) were performed. A 250 kV, XL-A cable (20 mm thickness) was designed and manufactured using the results. The test results show that the XL-A cable possesses much better DC breakdown characteristics than the XLPE cable and is adequate for use in DC cables     

Accelerated life tests on a new water tree retardant insulation forpower cables

This paper describes the results of an investigation in which 15 kV rated cables insulated with a new water tree retardant cross-linked polyethylene (TR XLPE) were subjected to accelerated aging tests under a controlled voltage stress and thermal load cycle conditions. Cables insulated with conventional XLPE and a commercially available TR XLPE were used as reference test populations to affirm the test methodology. Under the chosen conditions, cable life of the new TR XLPE as calculated using Weibull and log normal statistical distributions, was more than twice that for the reference TR XLPE. Extensive diagnostic measurements (water content, dissipation factor, water tree analysis) were performed on failed cable samples to bring out the differences between the three insulations. Electron micrographic investigations revealed the size and distribution of micro voids in the new TR XLPE to be smaller supporting its extended life under these tests. The experimental details of the accelerated life tests are also documented in a clear manner facilitating any archival of the data for future analysis and comparison