国务院关于进一步深化城镇住房制度改革加快住房建设的通知

国务院关于进一步深化城镇住房制度改革加快住房建设的通知各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构：为贯彻党的十五大精神，进一步深化城镇住房制度改革，加快住房建设，现就有关问题通知如下：一、指导思想、目标和基本原则（一）深化城镇住房制度改革...     

继承和发扬小平同志改革思想 努力实现住有所居目标——纪念邓小平同志关于住宅问题谈话30周年

1980年4月2日,我国改革开放的总设计师邓小平同志就住宅问题发表了重要谈话,开启了城镇住房制度改革的伟大历程。回顾30年来城镇住房制度改革的进程,重温小平同志的重要思想,探讨新形势下深化住房制度改革、完善住房政策的有关问题,对于促进房地产业健康发展、实现住有所居目标,具有重要的现实意义。     

天通苑经济适用房小区的问题与政策应对研究

20世纪80年代我国住房制度改革开始起步。1992年,国家全面取消了福利分房制度,实行住房分配市场化的改革。1994年,国务院发布的《关于深化城镇住房制度改革的决定》,第一次提出在全国范围内建立新的住房供应体系,强调＂房改的目标是建立和完善以经济适用房为主的住房供应体系＂。1998年,国务院颁布了《关于进一步深化城镇住房制度改革加快住房建设的通知》,     

建设部设置住房保障与公积全监督管理司

根据中央编办《关于调整建设部机构编制的批复》,建设部内设机构日前作出调整,设置住房保障与公积金监督管理司（住房制度改革办公室）。 建设部住房保障与公积金监督管理司的主要职责为：贯彻国家关于推进城镇住房制度改革的方针、政策和措施并组织实施;指导城镇住房制度改革工作;拟定住房保障的政策法规并监督执行,指导经济适用住房制度和廉租住房制度建设;     

推进城镇住房保障制度建设

“十五”期间,随着城镇住房制度改革的不断深化,各级政府积极推进以住房公积金制度、经济适用住房制度、廉租住房制度为主要内容的城镇住房保障制度建设,积极探索多种保障方式,有力地改善了城镇中低收入家庭的居住条件。到2005年底,城镇居民人均住房建筑面积可达到26平方米,比“九五”,末增加约5．7平方米。     

积极稳妥地推进住房制度改革

全国城镇住房制度改革与住宅建设工作会议于6月15日至17日在北京召开。国务院副总理温家宝出席会议并作了重要讲话。温家宝指出,深化城镇住房制度改革的指导思想是:稳步推进住房商品化、社会化,逐步建立适应社会主义市场经济体制和我国国情的城镇住房新制度;加快住房建设,促使住宅业成为新的经济增长点,不断满足城镇居民日益增     

因企制宜推进企业房改

企业房改意义重大深化城镇住房制度改革、加快住房建设是党中央、国务院关于进一步扩大内需、拉动经济增长的战略决策的重要组成部分。企事业单位职工约占城镇职工总数的８０ % ,自管住房占城镇公有住房的７０%以上 ,搞好企业房改 ,是实现上述目标的关键所在。（一）深化企业房改是建立城镇住房新体制的重要环节。企业面广量大 ,情况复杂。企业房改既不能简单照搬机关方案 ,也很难设计一个统一适用的模式 ;既是城镇住房制度改革的重点 ,也是进一步深化城镇住房制度改革的难点。只有绝大多数企业建立了住房新体制 ,全社会的房改才能有实质性…     

国务院关于促进房地产市场持续健康发展的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府,国务院各部委、各直属机构:《国务院关于进一步深化城镇住房制度改革加快住房建设的通知》(国发[1998]23号)发布五年来,城镇住房制度改革深入推进,住房建设步伐加快,住房消费有效启动,居民住房条件有了较大改善。以住宅为主的房地产市场不断发展,     

《已购公房和经济实用住房上市出售管理暂行办法》条文释义

我国城镇住房制度改革已经经历了20年的历程,特别是1991年国务院发布《关于深化住房制度改革的决定》以来,我国城镇住房制度改革取得了重大的进展。在全面推行住房公积金制度、实施国家安居工程的同时,较为集中地向职工出售新、旧公有住房,加上商品房市场的发展,我国居民住房自有率从1979年的16％大幅度提高到58.8％,部分省市超过了60％。住房产权结构的变化,给以居民为主体的住房交易市场的形成奠定了基础。房地产市场经济的发     

我国城镇住房制度改革进程40年回顾

回顾我国40年来城镇住房制度改革探索,总结我国住房制度改革3个阶段的改革方向和实施重点,包括从建国初期福利化住房制度到改革开放后全面推进住房商品化、社会化,再到因住房过度商品化而提出建立福利性和商品性住房分类供应的现代住房制度。     

构建多层次的城镇住房供应体系——基于厦门市实证分析的讨论

就如何进一步深化和完善我国的城镇住房制度进行了讨论。提出为了社会的和谐发展,并应对不同社会群体的住房需求,构建包括保障性住房在内的城镇多层次住房供应体系势在必行。以厦门市为例展开实证分析和讨论:其一是在城镇土地资源供应的约束下,存量房产和增量房产配置状况的边际分析及城镇住房供应体系的政策导向;其二是在空间结构的约束下,城市规划对于住房供应的影响作用。     

The Maturation of the Neo-liberal Housing Market in Urban China

Neo-liberalism has dominated policy formulation and implementation for three decades and been influential in reshaping urban housing provision in different countries. However, the nature and impact of neo-liberal housing policy developments are also affected by previous arrangements, the exact nature, timing and pace of policy change and by how governments and markets have responded to emerging global and local challenges. This paper examines neo-liberal urban housing reform and market development in China and focuses on market performance and government responses following initial reform. The era of neo-liberal housing policy has been associated with turbulence, market changes and unequal housing and asset distribution. Housing reform and regulation policies have changed frequently in response; and this maturation of the neo-liberal system has important implications for policy and the structure and operation of the market.     

城乡二元住房制度:透视中国城镇化健康发展的困局

二元性的制度体系是制约中国城镇化持续、健康发展的根本原因,尤其是当前的住房制度更是成为制约农民身份转变、定居城市、同等享受城市公共服务的关键障碍。住房市场化改革以后,城市福利住房体制解体、基本住房保障体系严重缺失,城乡住房的合法流通、交易渠道更是被完全阻断,由此极大地提高了农民进入和定居城市的经济、社会成本。二元的住房制度体系是继劳动品、劳动力之后又一次对资本与空间的剥夺,其本质上压缩了城镇化的经济成本,但也造成了社会成本的逐渐积累、不断加重——基于住房为扭结点的制度约束越来越突出,阻碍了中国城镇化的顺畅进行。基于此,通过对当前国内一些地方实践的反思与剖析,提出有关城乡一体住房制度设计的相关设想。     

China's Urban Housing Reform: Recent Achievements and New Inequities

China's urban housing reform started in the early 1980s, as a part of comprehensive economic reform. The old system was dominated by work units that provided substantial in-kind services to their employees, including heavily subsidised housing. It brought three serious problems: housing shortages, corruption and inequities. The goals of housing reform were to solve these problems through urban housing privatisation, commercialisation and socialisation. This study examines China's urban housing reform through a case study of the city of Jinan. It first reviews the history of housing development in Jinan from the 1950s to the 1980s, and then analyses Jinan's reform practices in the 1990s. Its finding is that, after many years' efforts, housing reform in Jinan has made substantial progress, but mostly with respect to privatisation. The problem of housing shortages has been addressed and crowding has lessened considerably. Anecdotal evidence suggests that corruption is less widespread than in the past. The other important housing problem, inequity, still exists and, in some respects, has even worsened. In particular, a new form of horizontal inequity has arisen due to the persistent role of work units in housing provision. This paper suggests that, in the future, the government should take a more positive role rather than leaving the market alone to deal with the problem of housing inequity.     

土地改革、住房保障与城乡转型发展——集体土地建设租赁住房改革的机遇与挑战

分析了我国城乡二元土地制度对住房市场和城乡空间分异的影响,提出以集体土地进入城市租赁住房市场改革为突破口,逐步搭建在中国主要人口流入地城市加快培育市场化定价的租赁住房体系,并进而建立城乡转型发展的整体制度框架.通过市场化手段,为流动人口和城市“夹心层”居民提供可支付的体面租赁住房,同时优化城乡结合部的空间利用效率,提升环境品质,最终实现土地更有效率利用基础上的人口完全城镇化.     

Domestic property and housing class in contemporary urban China

This article examines the division of housing class in the context of Chinese society since the market-oriented housing reform in 1998. Based on data from a recent study, this paper examines three housing classes and their housing situation in four of China’s major urban centers. The results of a multivariate analysis on housing ownership among the three housing classes show that apart from some socioeconomic factors similar to those in the West, institutional factors, such as the hukou system and resident status, are also significant. The results imply that limited housing choices may have caused over privatization and, to certain extent, a single urban housing system. This could lead to conflict among people in various housing classes, as a response to the inequality in the urban housing market.     

我国现行住房公积金制度存在的问题及对策

住房公积金制度在解决城市居民的住房保障、建立有效的住房金融体系、推动住房制度改革方面发挥了重要的作用.但也存在着定位模糊、管理不规范、资金使用率低、利率制度损害职工利益等诸多问题.对我国现行住房公积金制度存在的问题进行分析,并提出着力扩大公积金覆盖面、加强住房公积金的归集管理、提高公积金的使用效率、实现公积金保值增值、保障公积金安全运行等相应对策.     

Housing Reform and its Impacts on the Urban Poor in China

Housing provision in Chinese cities has experienced many changes since 1979 when the country embarked on major economic reform. During the late 1980s and the 1990s many publicly owned houses were sold to their existing tenants or other public sector employees. Large numbers of new houses were built by commercial property developers for the emerging urban housing market. As a result, new patterns of residents have emerged. Housing areas of different standards for different social groups became a dominant feature of large Chinese cities at the end of the 1990s. Will the urban poor benefit from these changes and what is their housing situation like under the reformed system? This paper addresses these questions by examining the nature of the emerging urban poor and their accessibility to housing. It involves an assessment of the implications of recent housing reform policies for the disadvantaged groups. The paper identifies two major groups of urban poor in Chinese cities: the poor among the official urban residents and the poor rural to urban migrants. It concludes that while housing problems of the official urban poor have been recognised, there is no formal policy in relation to housing provision for the unofficial poor.     

Housing ownership and housing wealth: new evidence in transitional China

Ever since housing was transformed from the most important welfare benefit to the most valuable form of private property through radical housing reform in 1998, housing allocation mechanisms in China have been characterized by the coexistence of market logic and socialist legacy. Thus, the Chinese housing system exhibits a transitional nature as the country moves away from a socialist housing system towards a privatized housing system. Using the 2011 Chinese Household Finance Survey, we not only examine these changes in private ownership of housing, but also give an updated evaluation of the privatization process with new empirical evidence. We develop a conceptual framework and an empirical analysis to shed light on distinct housing inequality patterns in transitional urban China. Our results show that both socioeconomic characteristics and socialist institutions contribute to housing inequality, but they follow different paths in the reform and have different impacts on housing inequality.     

关于城市住房制度改革对我国城市规划若干影响的研究

本文着重研究城市住房制度改革对城市规划中有关土地使用、社会组织、规划原则及评价标准、公众参与城市规划等方面的影响,并由此阐明我国城市规划在新时期所面临的问题。