数控机床智能化的主要技术特征

随着时代和科技的不断进步,数控机床技术的发展不断的优化和完善,整体的数控机床的发展趋势逐步向智能化发展。而对于数控机床的技术的开发和应用也逐渐的受到相关的机床生产商和采购者的重视。因而从实际上来讲数控的智能化发展不仅对机床所加工的产品的质量有一定的影响,对于加工的效率的影响也是比较大的。在此基础上,本文将对数控机床智能化的主要技术特征进行有效的分析和研究,从而使得数控机床技术能够更加健康的发展和进步。     

浅谈英语课堂的有效教学

提高课堂教学的有效性,精心设计生动的、富有情趣吸引力的、形式多样的活动。教学的有效性是教学设计的生命,是学校教学活动的一个基本追求,它直接关系到教学的质量和人才的培养。加强教师自身素质的提高是课堂教学的有效性的重要前提,教师本身的能力高低会直接的影响到课堂教学质量。     

马克思主义视域下人性的二重性解读

在人性的问题上,马克思主义之前的哲学往往用静止的、孤立的、片面的、抽象的、形而上学的思维方法来解读人性.马克思主义哲学以实践为出发点,运用辩证的思维方式,对人性作出了全新的二重性的解读,认为人性是全面的、发展的、辩证的,是矛盾的统一体,是能动与受动、客观与主观、具体与抽象、变与不变的统一,是一个系统的、开放的、复杂的有机整体.     

部分城市生产资料价格周报

一品名规格条件I北京沈阳天津武汉长沙上海成娜西安白银兰妞广州.曰,朴挂牌26000260的2580026500262的25,502石印02?加O25800,月1,f成交257的256加257002630025?的肠以力舫以冲2650025500自口几n几内内挂称‘168的168的1650016别沁168的1645017加01‘创沁16600下口J、U才、肠月J成文166的164001630016500163的164加17的016右的16200自几1什挂脚6,的72Q0690069的7(期】1即0飞95012的70的,口1,f成交68加‘900680068的69的,1506加069的69的山立,朴挂脚95的9500980097的匀55095509夕00肠阅95的,甲1心宁成交94的9300950096加匀5的95的躺0095的…     

电气自动化在钢铁企业中的应用策略

当代社会的科学技术是在不断的发展的,经济建设取得了巨大的成就,在这样的时代背景下对钢铁行业也提出了新的技术要求。这样其实在一定的程度上也推动了钢铁的快速发展。传统的电气工程的主要的组成部分是接触器和继电器等低压电气设备来进行实现的。随着科学技术的发展,传统的电气工程技术已经不能适应当今社会的技术要求。所以电气工程必须向着智能化、自动阿虎的方向发展,才能推动整个钢铁行业的自动化的改革。新型的综合化的创新型技术是需要结合智能化、自动化以及电气化等方面的控制手段这样才能在钢铁行业之中取得一个良好的钢铁运行结果,从而促进整个工业经济的全面发展。     

晶体取向和极图测定

在冶金学研究和工程材料这两方面都应用了测定晶体取向信息的技术。机械和物理性能的研究,形变、再结晶和晶粒生长的研究,固态转变的研究,腐蚀速率的研究以及扩散的研究都常常包含有晶体取向的测定。另一方面,板材的塑性形变或磁性的各向异性这两者都起因于微晶的择优取向,对这一点的认识是控制这些材料的性能的基础。根据在深冲时会导致额外的不必要的修整和切头损失的制耳行为,形变的各向异性是明显的。通常,对磁性的各向     

现代遥感技术在地质找矿中的应用

随着社会的不断进步以及经济的快速发展,我国的地质矿产业也得到了较快的发展,进而就在一定程度上对找矿的速率提出了更高的要求。而不断的将现代遥感技术应用在地质找矿的过程中,对于有效的提高找矿的效率以及准确度,以及不断的促进我国矿产业的发展都具有至关重要的作用。因此,我们应不断的分析与研究现代遥感技术在地质找矿中的应用,进而不断的改进与创新现代遥感技术,以此来有效的提高我国的找矿效率,进而不断的促进我国矿产业的稳定发展。     

冶金工程中机械设备的安装施工及维护探讨

随着西安代社会的快速发展,先进的科学技术的出现,改变了人们的生活方式,针对各个行业的发展情况,我们引进先进的技术和管理经验来更好的处理相关的工作,这样才能突破传统的建设,从而实现更好的发展.冶金工程中机械设备的安装施工和维护工作非常的重要,我们需要根据实际的发展情况来有效的解决其中各项问题,这样才能实现更好的发展.     

从两维视角探讨马克思主义关于人的本质理论

"人的本质是一切社会关系的总和",这是马克思对人的本质的科学论断.笔者认为人的本质是类本质和现实本质的统一.从人与社会的关系和人与自然的关系这两维视角审视人的本质,是符合马克思主义关于人的本质的理论观点的,这对进一步研究马克思主义人的本质理论及其把握有着重要的现实意义.     

《手稿》中马克思的人道主义体现

<1844年经济学-哲学手稿>是马克思在年轻时代总结自己的思想和弄清思考的问题而写的一个未完成的手稿.手稿中,通过谈及一系列的经济问题,更多通过社会现实揭示当时的工人的不平等无休止的劳动,即异化劳动.马克思通过对人的实践本质的论证,形成了一种关注人、尊重人、维护人的人道主义.在对异化劳动的激烈批判中,更显露了他的人道主义的批判性和变革性.又在人的实践本质之现实的工业活动表现中,揭示了人道主义的自然发生性,提出人道主义要和自然主义相结合,最终形成了他的现实的、革命的、实践的人道主义.本文重点对手稿中的人道主义观的体现做一个简述.     

戈塘金矿房柱法开采围岩稳定性分析

戈塘金矿矿体厚度变化较大,地质条件复杂。为科学设计井下采场参数,分析采空区顶板的破坏机理及矿柱的承载机理,指导矿山安全生产,以戈塘金矿为研究对象,设计了采场参数,分析了采场围岩稳定性。通过理论计算,采用房柱法开采时,推荐矿柱尺寸为3 m×3 m,矿房跨度不超过10 m;利用有限元软件Phase2对留设不同宽高比的矿柱时采场围岩的稳定性进行了数值模拟分析。结果显示:矿柱内部出现应力集中,采空区顶底板、岩帮为应力降低区域;随着矿柱宽高比的增大,采空区边界附近的应力水平和位移降低,矿柱内应力集中得到缓解,变形量降低。综合分析认为,矿柱宽高比对采场围岩稳定性有一定影响,保持矿柱宽高比约为0.500,可以较好地维持采场稳定。     

等温压缩对高强度汽车钢WHT1300HF的马氏体相变及微观组织的影响

通过等温形变研究了形变参数(形变温度、形变速率、形变量)对高强度汽车钢WHT1300HF的微观组织转变和形貌的影响规律。研究结果表明:增加奥氏体等温形变量,有利于铁素体的缺陷形核,促进了形变奥氏体向铁素体转变;奥氏体的形变强化导致马氏体相变阻力增大,马氏体相变开始温度(Ms)下降,细小晶粒数量和小角度晶界数量增多;增加奥氏体等温形变(40%)速率能同时促进马氏体和铁素体相变,但马氏体体积分数和小角度晶界数量减少,细小晶粒数量略有提高;降低等温形变温度加剧奥氏体的形变强化,导致Ms温度下降,马氏体体积分数、小角度晶界比例减少,细小晶粒数量增多,铁素体含量明显增加。     

Dermomyotomal origin of the ribs as revealed by extirpation and transplantation experiments in chick and quail embryos

To elucidate role of the dermomyotome in the formation of the axial skeleton, we performed extirpation and transplantation experiments on the dermomyotomes in chick and quail embryos. When the thoracic dermomyotomes of chick embryos were removed, the intercostal muscles and the distal ribs were deficient, while the proximal ribs were more or less normal. Quail tissues including the dermomyotome, the ectoderm and the medial edge of lateral plate, were transplanted to replace chick dermomyotomes. In these chimeras, the ribs, which would be deficient without the back-transplantation, were recovered. The cells of the recovered part of the ribs as well as the intercostal muscles were derived from the quail transplants. These findings suggest that the distal rib originated from the dermomyotomes and not the sclerotome as previously believed. To localize the origin of the distal rib further, we removed restricted regions of the dermomyotomes along the mediolateral and the rostrocaudal axis. The more lateral the part of the dermomyotomes that we removed, the more distal the part of the ribs affected. On the contrary, when the rostral and caudal edges of the dermomyotomes were removed, only the vertebral ribs showed extensive deficiencies while removal of the middle part between the edges caused less deficiency. The sternal ribs were not deficient in either case, but were extensively affected when the entire lateral edge of dermomyotomes was included in the region removed. We conclude that the lateral edges of the dermomyotomes are the primordia of the sternal ribs, and the rostral and/or caudal edges of the medial part of dermomyotomes are the primordia of the distal part and not of the proximal part of the vertebral ribs.     

A method of estimating linear and angular accelerations in head impacts to pedestrians

In order to investigate the relationship between impact to the head and brain injury, we have developed a method, using information obtained from reconstruction of the collisions, of estimating the peak linear and angular accelerations of the head for pedestrian impacts on a vehicle. This information includes the location of the impact on the head, the impact velocity of the head, and the stiffness of the struck surface. In developing the method we assumed that the velocity of the head on striking the vehicle was the same as the velocity of the vehicle itself, that the force vector was normal to the surface of the skull, that the force-deflection curve characterising the combined response of the impacted surfaces was linear, and that the kinetic energy of the head immediately prior to impact was converted into strain energy in deforming the head and the vehicle structure. Only the loading phase of the impact was considered, there was no assumption of an elastic unloading phase. Using cadavers, the validity of these assumptions and hence the usefulness of the method were tested by comparing the estimates of peak linear acceleration with the results of 18 pedestrian-vehicle impact reconstructions. On average, the method underestimated the experimental values by about 15%, with a range of +/- 35%. The results from the application of this method are currently being used to study the relationship between the magnitude and direction of the impact to the head and the distribution and severity of the brain injury resulting from actual collisions.     

高端装备用轴承钢冶金质量性能现状及未来发展方向

针对滚动轴承特点、轴承钢类型以及国内外轴承钢差距,本文对国内外高端装备用轴承需求、国内外轴承钢品种、轴承钢生产装备与冶金质量、轴承钢热处理技术以及轴承钢质量性能评价技术等发展现状进行了综述,指出了国内外高端装备用轴承钢在冶炼流程的超纯净控制、新型热处理技术和新型轴承钢研发对提升轴承长寿命的巨大作用,提出了未来基于夹杂物...     

浅谈后张法有粘结预应力梁施工工艺

本文旨在更有效地利用高强钢材,弥补混凝土与钢筋拉应变之间的差距,把预应力运用到钢筋混凝土结构中去。亦即在外荷载作用到构件上之前,预选建立有内应力的混凝土,通过对预应力筋进行张拉、锚固、放松,借助钢筋的弹性回缩,使受拉区混凝土事先获得预压应力。当构件承受由外荷载产生的拉力时,首先抵消混凝土中已有的预压力,然后随荷载增加,才能使混凝土受拉而后出现裂缝,因而延迟了构件裂缝的出现和开展。     

轧辊非均质特性对辊型电磁调控的影响分析

 轧辊作为辊型电磁调控技术的核心构件，在加工制造时必须进行热处理，改变轧辊表层组织形态，形成轧辊表面淬硬层，引起轧辊表层和芯部材料性能差异,而这种差异会对辊型电磁调控特性产生影响。为此，利用有限元软件MSC.MARC建立了电磁 热 力耦合轴对称模型，并依托辊型电磁调控试验平台对模型精度进行校核。在此基础上，依托模型分析了表面淬硬层厚度对辊型电磁过程中辊凸度、辊型曲线、接触面平均正压力及轧辊应力分布的影响。结果表明，表面淬硬层厚度对辊凸度、辊型曲线和接触面正压力的影响较小，但对轧辊应力分布有明显影响，特别是轧辊表面淬硬层中心区域。     

Multiple-cracking phenomenon of the galvannealed coating layer on steels under thermal and tensile stresses

The multiple-cracking phenomenon of the Fe-Zn intermetallic coating layer on the hot-dip galvannealed (GA) steels under thermal and tensile stresses was studied experimentally by tensile tests and analytically by means of the finite-element analysis. The multiple cracking of the coating layer had occurred in the as-supplied samples, and it progressed with increasing applied strain. Based on the calculated dependence of the stress of the coating layer on the crack spacing and applied strain, the multiple cracking in the as-supplied samples was accounted for by the thermally induced residual stress, and the further multiple cracking with increasing applied strain was accounted for by the increased stress of the coating layer. The experimentally observed decrease of the average crack spacing with increasing applied strain was described well, and the tensile strength of the coating layer was estimated to be 260 MPa, by application of the calculated relation between the increased stress of the coating layer and applied strain. The influences of the thickness of the coating layer and the substrate material on the multiple cracking were discussed based the stress analysis. It was revealed that the thinner the coating layer and the higher the flow stress of the substrate, the higher the stress of the coating layer becomes and, therefore, the smaller the crack spacing becomes.     

Diagnostic Analysis of the Evolution Mechanism for a Vortex over the Tibetan Plateau in June 2008

Based on the final analyses data (FNL) of the Global Forecasting System of the NCEP and the observational radiosonde data,the evolution mechanism of an eastward-moving low-level vortex over the Tibetan Plateau in June 2008 was analyzed.The results show that the formation of the vortex was related to the convergence between the northwesterly over the central Tibetan Plateau from the westerly zone and the southerly from the Bay of Bengal at 500 hPa,and also to the divergence associated with the entrance region of the upper westerly jet at 200 hPa.Their dynamic effects were favorable for ascending motion and forming the vortex over the Tibetan Plateau.Furthermore,the effect of the atmospheric heat source (Q1) is discussed based on a transformed potential vorticity (PV) tendency equation.By calculating the PV budgets,we showed that Q1 had a great influence on the intensity and moving direction of the vortex.In the developing stage of the vortex,the heating of the vertically integrated Q1 was centered to the east of the vortex center at 500 hPa,increasing PV tendency to the east of the vortex.As a result,the vortex strengthened and moved eastward through the vertically uneven distribution of Q1.In the decaying stage,the horizontally uneven heating of Q1 at 500 hPa weakened the vortex through causing the vortex tubes around the vortex to slant and redistributing the vertical vorticity field.     

Nature of the curves of the cranial vault and their relationship with various brain structures

A radiometric investigation for various angles of two dry craniums and of the encephalographic or cerebral arteriographic pictures of 250 subjects has revealed the following facts: The architectural lines of the dome of the skull found by orthogonal projection of the profile, from the front, and in vertical projection, are hyperbolic spirals starting from the base of the skull and converging on the sphenoid. These lines join up in the parietal region forming a hyperbole. The frontal spiral is a simple hyperbolic spiral. The temporal spiral is of the lituus type. The axes of these lines converge in a frontal plane on the epiphysis. The axis of the parietal hyperbole on a projection of the profile passes through the epiphysis and is followed by the parietal artery. Central cranio-encephalic formations follow the same spiral path. The contour of the upper edge of the cerebellum is a lituus spiral. The outline of the lower part of the cerebellum is a simple hyperbolic spiral. The right side of the polar origins of a spiral plotted in the plane of the insula coincides with the right side of the opercula. It can always be plotted, in theory, and forms an angle of 22 degrees 30' with the right side of the median frontal spiral. It cuts the axis of the parietal hyperbole at the apex of the insular triange. The bissector of the angle formed by the two right sides of the polar origins bissects the axis of the parietal hyperbole at a point corresponding to the epiphysis. The temporal hyperbolic lituus spiral has its focal point under the anterior, clinoid, at the junction of the segments CII and CIII of the carotid siphon the curve of which follows the convolutions of the temporal spiral. The right side of the polar origins of this curve indicates the mean direction of the posterior cerebral. The contours of the corpus callosum are homothetic with those of the dome of the skull as far as the axis of the parietal hyperbole. The frontal and parietal curves converge according to four types in the main Pacchionian granulations. The sections of the frontal spiral are often marked by bone abnormalities on the internal table. This analytic test is invariably valid whatever the constants of the spirals or the eccentricities of the hyperboles. Combinations between spirals with different constants and hyperboles of various eccentricities amount to very many types which call for separate study.