利用数值模拟方法研究树脂裂解反应器的进气结构

利用数值模拟的方法,考察了树脂裂解反应器上部进气方式的效果,发现存在空气利用率低的问题,同时空气还会带走反应器内的大量热量,削弱树脂裂解反应区域的温度,由此证明了试验推论的正确性。同时,利用数值模拟的方法,对设备进气方式进行优化改进:当采用下部进气后,空气的利用率得到明显的提升,空气分布也较为均匀。但此时,空气对反应区域内温度的削弱作用也更为明显。此外,随着设备进气口直径的减小和进气口数量的增加,能够较为明显地提高树脂反应区域的空气分布均匀度,而提升设备的加热功率,对提高反应区域内的温度有显著的作用。     

KTX反场箍缩装置主支撑结构设计与分析

KTX反场箍缩实验装置主支撑由柔性支撑和支撑平台组成,主要用来支撑真空室、导体壳和纵场线圈的重量。鉴于主支撑结构的重要性,通过有限元分析和理论分析相结合的方法对主支撑进行了强度分析和稳定性分析,给出了主支撑应力分布和变形情况及不同结构参数下的临界载荷。分析结果验证了主支撑结构的可行性,并为主支撑的后续优化设计提供理论依据。     

DEMO堆包层第一壁热工水力优化分析研究

聚变堆包层第一壁是影响包层换热效率与运行安全性最重要的部件,为了研究第DEMO堆包层第一壁的热工水力性能,对第一壁流道内氦气冷却剂的流动及其与结构材料的换热进行了数值模拟研究及优化分析。结果表明,通过增大氦气进口质量流量可以有效地降低第一壁结构材料的最高温度,但是由此带来的压力损失很大,不能作为强化换热的主要途径。此外,增加每组流道的盘绕次数能起到强化换热的效果,目前每组流道盘绕五次的方案是合理的。流道中存在的圆角包层第一壁的流动换热影响不大,但圆角的存在会使第一壁最高温度有一定的升高。铍涂层的导热系数与第一壁最高温度成反相关关系,但是对第一壁流道的对流换热影响不大。结构材料的导热系数的增大能显著降低第一壁结构材料的最高温度。     

旋启式止回阀关阀水锤优化分析

建立了双泵并联给水系统数学物理模型,针对旋启式止回阀关闭过程中形成的水锤进行编程计算,分析作用在止回阀阀板上的力矩以及阻尼扭簧力矩对关阀水锤的影响。结果表明：在双泵并联给水系统中,旋启式止回阀在关闭时会产生明显水锤,作用在阀板上的力矩对水锤的作用效果有一定影响,选择合适的止回阀阀板材料以及加装合适的弹簧可有效缓解水锤危害。     

Numerical analysis of MD events and preliminary thermal calculation for KTX vacuum vessel

KTX is a new reversed field pinch (RFP) magnetic confinement device which is under design in ASIPP and USTC. Major disruption (MD) events may occur in future operating process, which is simulated with the finite element (FE) method. The results present that the peaks of eddy currents on vessel and conductor shell are respectively 11.791 kA and 68.637 kA with maximum stress 67.1 MPa due to high transient electromagnetic (EM) force. It is confirmed that the structure is still strong enough to bear the electromagnetic loads even if the worst case. Besides, as KTX vacuum vessel will take the method of natural cooling for heat dissipation during plasma discharge (0.5–1.0 MA), a preliminary thermal calculation was implemented in normal condition to decide suitable time parameters such as duration and interval. It is suggested that the discharge interval should be no less than 5 min for the complete 1 MA plasma with 100 ms duration, which can guarantee the temperature of vacuum vessel below 200 °C.     

高温气冷堆下联箱热气混合的数值模拟和几何优化

高温气冷堆下联箱用于混合温度不均的堆芯出口气体。已有研究显示,当前下联箱设计方案的气体混合能力尚待提高,由其导致的压力损失则需进一步降低。本文采用数值模拟方法,并对比实验数据,讨论了适用于下联箱几何优化的网格类型和网格规模,通过合并原有的肋片状流道以及扩展热气导管起始端,对下联箱的几何形状进行了优化,并通过对比不同优化方案选出了兼具提升气体混合率和减小压力损失的改进方案。本文的研究结果可为高温气冷堆下联箱的改进设计提供参考依据。     

KTX反场箍缩装置纵场线圈结构设计与电磁分析

KTX反场箍缩装置的主要参数介于RFX装置与MST装置之间。反场箍缩的外加纵场需跟随等离子体电流的演化而变化,同时由于RFP中的磁面对于外部特别是等离子体边界处的径向磁场较敏感,所以需外部线圈的磁场更加精细,这对于线圈的磁场分布、误差场以及波纹度等的设计提出了更高的要求。根据KTX物理目标参数要求,提出矩形和楔形截面纵场磁体线圈设计方案,借助有限元软件和程序分析了其电磁场空间分布和结构受力大小。结果表明,6.4°楔形截面方案相比矩形截面方案在控制误差场方面更具有可行性。     

Plasma Shape and Current Control Simulation of HT-7U Tokamak

This paper describoes the discharge simulation of HT-7U tokamak plasma equilibrium and plasma current by solving MHD equations and surface average transport equations using an equilibrium evolution code. The simulated result shows the evolution of plasma parameter versus time .The simulated result can play an important role in the design of the plasma equilibrium and control system of a tokamak.     

Limit Analysis for the Mechanical Structure of the ITER Neutron Shielding Block

The ITER neutron shielding blocks are located between the inner shell and the outer shell of the vacuum vessel (VV) with the main function of providing neutron shielding. Considering the combined loads of the shielding blocks during the plasma operation of the ITER, limit analysis for one typical ferromagnetic (FM) shielding block has been performed and the structural design has been evaluated based on the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) criterion and European standards. Results show that the collapse load of this shielding block is three times the specified load, which is much higher than the design requirement of 1.25. The structure of this neutron shielding block has a sufficient safety margin.     

水平分布两气泡之间相互作用及摇摆对其影响的数值模拟

采用VOF方法及耦合表面张力模型的动量方程,结合UDF功能,模拟了竖直通道内静水中水平分布两气泡之间的相互作用以及摇摆对其运动特性的影响,详细分析了两气泡上升过程中出现的吸引及排斥现象。模拟所得两气泡上升时的形态变化过程与实验结果符合良好。结果表明,水平分布两气泡在水中会呈上下摇摆状上升,且位置关系变化具有周期性,摇摆会使气泡在上升过程变得更加扁平,两气泡所能达到的最小距离变小,但摇摆会破坏两气泡在上升过程其位置关系所具有的周期性。     

秦山核电厂上充回路仿真优化分析

通过对秦山核电厂系统回路的仿真试验分析，指出了其化容系统上充回路现有的几种设计方案所存在的缺陷，并分析了其对核电厂运行的可能影响，同时给出了一个可供参考的优化方案。     

Numerical solutions for the kinematic model of pebble flow velocity profiles and its applications in pebble-bed nuclear reactor

The modular pebble-bed nuclear reactor (PBR) is a candidate Generation IV reactor being developed. The pebble flow in the very slow draining of fuel pebbles draws attention for its implications on core physical design and reactor physics analysis. One of the effective and simplified methods to address this problem is the kinematic model which is based on continuous theory to derive a diffusion equation for vertical velocity. This paper investigates the appropriate numerical solutions for the kinematic model of pebble flow velocity profiles in PBR geometry. Our method is based on a previously proposed transformed Cartesian coordinates and uses the implicit Crank–Nicholson integration scheme with two different treatments of the boundary conditions. Validations show that this numerical solution gives preferable agreements with the experimental results in the reference. Finally, the simulated velocity profiles are applied in the investigation of two pebble burnup-related issues, which are the pebble residence time prediction and the channel scheme in realistic high-temperature reactor pebble-bed modules reactor core geometry.     

电子加速器扫描盒前端法兰传热的数值模拟

加速器内电子束团在传输过程中因束流传输截面发散或偏离中心,会超出尺寸一定的传输器件.为防止因此导致扫描盒前端法兰盘局部温升过高,在法兰的外侧安装温度传感器以实时监测受照点的温度,从而及时调整系统的电流、电压、聚焦等有关参数.建立了法兰盘两侧热传导的数学模型,用数值模拟的方法计算得出了放置温度传感器的测量点B和受照点A的温度关系.计算结果与实验值符合,证明了数学模型的正确性,并为加速器的调试、运行提供了一种重要的检测手段.