桂东地区花岗岩类与金银成矿的关系

桂东金矿化集中区花岗岩类,可划分为过渡性地壳同熔型和陆壳改造重熔型两个系列。两者具有不同的成矿专属性:同熔型花岗岩与金银成矿有着密切的时空成因关系;重熔型花岗岩对锡钨及铜铅锌成矿具有专属性。同熔型花岗岩随时代演化,分异程度增高酸度增大,在空间上由隆起带中部向边缘迁移变化。构造-岩浆演化严格控制了金银成矿演化,形成一个自加里东至燕山期由金-黄铁矿-石英建造向余银多金属硫化物建造演化的金银成矿系列,并且银的矿化向隆起带边缘逐渐增强。同熔型花岗岩主要受加里东期和印支期北西向断裂带控制,而印支期构造-岩浆活动以形成剪切带蚀变岩型金矿化为其重要特色,是桂东工业金矿床定位的主要成矿期。本区北西向沟造-岩浆带的控矿作用,对指导大瑶山隆起区的进一步找矿有重要意义。     

滇西云龙锡矿花岗岩的成岩机制和成矿作用

云龙锡矿花岗岩属陆壳改造型,其形成机制是先经花岗岩化形成混合花岗岩,尔后发生部分熔融形成重熔型花岗岩.可分为四个成岩期,由早到晚岩石向富硅、富减、富含挥发分方向演化,导致成矿元素趋向于晚期细粒白云母花岗岩富集,并在岩浆期后热液阶段发生锡、钨等矿化.基底构造层构成本区的成矿背景,为锡、钨等成矿提供丰富的物质来源.但是,成矿元素从分散状态到聚集成矿,必须由其矿源岩石经重熔花岗岩及其分异演化的质变过程,否则不易形成大规模的锡(钨)矿床.     

个旧锡矿的成矿物质来源

对个旧锡矿的空间分带、成岩成矿时代、稳定同位素及矿源层的研究表明:该锡矿与花岗岩的关系密切,其成矿热液主要是岩浆演化热液,锡也主要来源于区内高锡含量的花岗岩;成矿时代为82～56Ma,与成岩年龄的对比表明,成矿作用持续时间约26Ma,与区内成矿作用的多阶段性一致。     

岩浆演化及含矿岩浆分异过程中锡钨富集因素的统计分析——以广西都庞岭地区为例

对都庞岭复式岩体各期次花岗岩以及含矿云英岩化学成分、挥发分元素及成矿元素的统计分析表明:本区锡钨矿化与花岗岩关系密切,矿化是花岗岩演化到一定阶段的产物。自γ_3→γ_5~1→γ_5~(2a)→γ_5~(2b),随着岩浆成分有规律地演化,Sn,W逐渐富集。其中,挥发组分F,Li是Sn,W富集的主要控制因素。当已富集成矿元素Sn,W和挥发组分F,Li,CO_2的含矿岩浆发生分异时,挥发组分F,Li对Sn,W的进一步富集成矿起主导控制作用,CO_2则促进含矿岩浆发生不混溶,从而促使Sn,W富集于富F,Li的液体相中。相对来说,在岩浆演化和合矿岩浆的分异过程中,F,Li对Sn的富集成矿比对W的富集成矿所起作用更大。     

滇西花岗岩的演化及其有关的锡矿床成矿系列

笔者通过研究,获得以下认识: 1、根据花岗岩的物源、成生发展、成岩环境及矿化特征,将滇西花岗岩按时间发展划分成三个成因类型。 2、每个阶段都产生与各种花岗岩有关的锡矿床系列。 3、用实际资料讨论了每个系列的时、空分布、演化特点和成矿特征,揭示了成矿系列与花岗岩演化的成因联系。 4、以云龙锡矿床为例,着重解剖了混染重熔花岗岩成矿系列的演化规律,初步建立了理想的花岗岩与矿床系列的成因模式。     

关于花岗岩类形成作用概念的讨论

以江西及南岭地区不同时代花岗岩类形成过程的一系列特征及其与内金属成矿作用的关系等方面大量的实际资料为依据,论证了花岗岩类形成作用及其成矿连续演化的完整过程;进而提出现代花岗岩类形成作用的完整概念包括岩浆的发生,岩浆的作用与成岩,以及岩浆热液的活动与成矿三个部分。三者属同一作用过程发展演化的不同阶段。岩浆的发生过程（混合岩化,花岗岩化）是所有壳型（或改造型）花岗岩类形成所必经的第一步,但往往只是地质历史早期或特定的构造环境（同造山,同碰撞）下形成的花岗岩才不同程度保留混合岩化、花岗岩化的特征。岩浆热液的活动与成矿是花岗岩类形成的作用发展的最高阶段,但并不是所有花岗岩类都具备这一发展阶段,往往是在地质历史晚期或特定的构造环境（晚造山、后造山为主）下形成的花岗岩,才不同程度地发育岩浆热液的活动与成矿。不同地区、不同造山带,有其特定时期的成矿花岗岩。     

甘肃龙首山成矿带地质构造演化及其对铀成矿的控制作用

龙首山成矿带大地构造演化主要经历了元古代龙首山边缘沉降带形成和发展、古生代边缘沉降带活化隆起和陆缘带局部坳陷、中新生代断块活动等3个构造时期。龙首山成矿带位于华北古陆西南缘,古陆块及其边缘是重要的铀成矿区域。区内铀成矿受区域大地构造演化控制,铀矿化相应地分为3个成矿期,即元古代成矿期、古生代成矿期和中新生代成矿期、与3个成矿期相对应,龙首山成矿带形成了分别与下元古界变质岩。祁连期重熔型花岗岩和中新生代断块升降有关的3个铀矿化成矿系列。龙首山成矿带成矿模式可概括为:下元古界地层预富集→(吕梁期)伟晶状白岗岩体预富集(或祁连期花岗岩类岩石预富集)→(天山期)断裂构造、热液蚀变预富集→(印支期、四川期和喜马拉雅期)脉体叠加工业富集。     

个旧南部地区锡铜多金属成矿作用

综合分析了个旧南部地区区域构造演化、火山沉积作用及花岗岩与成矿的关系，推断成矿过程实际上是由于区域构造应力的作用，导致花岗岩的侵入，花岗岩入侵一方面为成矿提供了大量的成矿物质，为主要的成矿物质源．另一方面强大的侵入体是“热动力泵”或“动力源”，它所产生的热量和动力活化并萃取了地层和基性岩层中的有用金属元素，与岩浆后期的含矿热液构成混合矿浆溶液，在上升运移过程中，在有利的构造部位和有利的地层层位中形成锡铜铅多金属矿床(体)．     

湘南地区骑田岭与香花岭岩体的成矿特征对比

湘南地区是典型的稀有－有色多金属成矿区,成矿作用与广泛发育的燕山早期花岗质岩浆活动密切相关。以骑田岭和香花岭两个典型成矿岩体为研究对象,对比总结了其岩石学、地球化学、成矿学等方面的特征。骑田岭岩性主要为黑云母二长花岗岩,香花岭则以锂白云母花岗岩、铁锂云母花岗岩等为主;骑田岭花岗岩具有高硅碱、弱过铝质－过铝质的特点,属于钙碱性系列,而香花岭花岗岩较骑田岭更富硅碱,分异程度更高,且高度富集挥发分氟,是高酸富碱氟、高度分异的碱性－过碱性花岗岩;高分异的香花岭岩体发育钨、锡、铌、钽等有色－稀有金属矿床,而同时期的骑田岭岩体仅形成钨、锡矿床。造成这种差异性的原因：从含矿性角度,骑田岭花岗岩中稀有金属含量远不如香花岭岩体;香花岭花岗岩的高分异演化有利于稀有金属和挥发分的逐步富集成矿;骑田岭岩基已遭受高度风化剥蚀作用也可能是原因之一。综合骑田岭岩体的地球化学成矿图解推断,岩体西北部是有利的成矿部位,结合香花岭小岩体的成矿,认为尽管在受风化剥蚀影响较大的岩体西北部找到矿化并非易事,但若附近有出露或隐伏的小岩体,将会是有利的稀有－有色金属矿化部位。     

秦岭地区若干重要成矿系列

讨论了秦岭地区３个重要成矿系列，即古老基底岩系在长期隆升边界拆离和相关热事件 影响下形成的金矿成矿系列，晚古生代陆缘裂舅地中与海 喷气热水沉积作用有关并在随后造山期演化中形成的铅锌铜金银成矿系列和与燕山期花岗岩类小侵入体有关的钼多金属金银成矿系列。研究表明，成矿系列是区域成矿的一种普遍特性，成矿系列分析是研究成矿规律的一种正确思路和有效途径。     

混合岩建造的大地构造类型及其对比

混合岩建造按其形成的不大同大地构造环境,可划分为2个大地构造类型：地洼型混合岩建筑和地台型混合岩建造。地洼型混俩岩建筑具有独特的大地构造属性,明显不同于地槽型混合岩建造,这主要表现在：（1）产出于后地台块断造山带的大地构造环境,限于规模较大的线性断裂带之内;（2）具有独特的由变质岩－混合岩－花岗岩呈三位一体的组合建造系列,在混合岩中存在高温低压相系的矿物组合。     

Study on metallogenic couple-zone (MCZ) dynamics in Zhejiang

The authors first put forward the concept of metallogenic couplezone (MCZ) through the research on metallogenic zones in Zhejiang. Different features of the metal and non-metal MCZ in Zhejiang are studied. MCZ model which is related to geodome and Diwa series is established. The author thinks that MCZ dynamic characteristic is related with crustobody dynamics, and controlled by magmatic, volcanic and structural activity zoning. Project supported by International Geological Cooperative Program-361 Synopsis of the first author Wang Dawei, professor, born in 1938. majoring in geology of gold deposit, non-metal minerals and its material, Diwa tectonics and metallogeny     

A new understanding of the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang (TIBET) plateau

The uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau happened in different crustal movements and different time from those of the collision of Asia continent with the allochthonous India crustobody, and the uplift occurred very long after the finish of the collision. According to its temporal evolution, the uplift happened in another active stage of the mantle creep flow after the active stage resulting in the collision and the interruption of the 140Ma’s quiet stage. On the basis of the dynamic analysis, the uplift resulted from the multiple compressing stresses in the reactivation stage after weakening of the colliding stress and the following compressing stress, and after the interruption of the stable stage dominating the vertical movements and represented by formation of the universal Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) ancient platform. It was the production of another stress field existing in another crustobody evolution stage and growth age. In the light of the nature of the orogeny, the uplift was caused by the intracontinental Diwa (geodepression)-type orogeny after converging connection of the Central Asia Crustobody and the India crustbody which immediately became a part of the Asia continent, and hence after the substitution for the colliding stress and the following compressing stress by the platform-type crustal movements. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foudation of China Synopsis of the author Chen Guoda, professor, Academician of Academia Sinica, born in 1912. Major research fields: Geotectonics and Metallogeny. He broached a new tectonic theory in 1956 called Actived or Diwa (Geodepression) region and a new discipline in 1991 called Crustobody Geotectionic Theory.     

再论地壳演化的地球化学

板块学说目前仍不能取代传统的槽-台-洼学说。两者均存在一定的优缺点,可相互补充,有些术语可找到对应的关系。从物质成分演化的角度来探讨地壳的演化更容易取得共同的语言。在地壳发展的不同阶段,各有一些特征指示元素,这里特别阐明了K,F和稀土元素对地壳演化的指示作用。     

Crustobody''s movement and evolution and its relationship with Cu-Au mineralization of Eastern Tianshan, Xinjiang

Eastern Tianshan, a cardinal part of Northern Xinjiang compound continental crustoblock, is located in the east of Tianshan Diwa region. By analysis of regional geological and geophysical data, and by using crustobody theory and researching methods, this region can be divided into three sectors of different crustal structure. During Proterozoic to Eopaleozoic, the spreading and closing of Northern Tianshan Sea, on the foundation of disparate continental basements of each sectors, the transversal heterogeneity of tectonic movement and evolution resulted in the diversity of crustal structure and material formations. The metallogenic evolution indicated that different geotectonic evolution periods had not only different characteristics of mineralization commodity and mineral deposit types, but also the progressive mineralization feature. In Neopaleozoic, the closing of Northern Tianshan Sea from north to south and the difference of transmeridional tectonic deformation and magmation formed in the movement constituted the different metallogenic environment in shallow crust. Furthermore, it brought on the diverse Cu-Au-polymetal mineral deposit types and metallogenetic epoch from north to south and from west to east.     

Crustobody’s movement and evolution and its relationship with Cu-Au mineralization of Eastern Tianshan, Xinjiang

Eastern Tianshan, a cardinal part of Northern Xinjiang compound continental crustoblock, is located in the east of Tianshan Diwa region. By analysis of regional geological and geophysical data, and by using crustobody theory and researching methods, this region can be divided into three sectors of different crustal structure. During Proterozoic to Eopaleozoic, the spreading and closing of Northern Tianshan Sea, on the foundation of disparate continental basements of each sectors, the transversal heterogeneity of tectonic movement and evolution resulted in the diversity of crustal structure and material formations. The metallogenic evolution indicated that different geotectonic evolution periods had not only different characteristics of mineralization commodity and mineral deposit types, but also the progressive mineralization feature. In Neopleozoic, the closing of Northern Tianshan Sea from north to south and the difference of transmeridional tectonic deformation and magmation formed in the movement constituted the different metallogenic environment in shallow crust. Furthermore, it brought on the diverse Cu-Au-polymetal mineral deposit types and metallogenetic epoch from north to south and from west to east. Foundation item: Project(2001CB409809) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China; project(20030533012) supported by Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China     

Trace and minor element geochemistry of Xiangdong tungsten deposits

Geochemical characteristics of trace and minor elements in some strata of geosynclinal tectonic layer, platform tectonic layer, in granite of Diwa stage, altered rocks and wolframite in the Xiangdong Tungsten Mine are systematically studied. Enrichment of W, Sn and Cu in geosynclinal tectonic layer could be one part of mineralization. Different types of alteration might result in variance of distribution of the same trace or minor element.m _Nb/m _Ta andm _Mn/m _Fe ratios, contents of Nb and Ta in wolramite vary with vein groups’ location. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Synopsis of the first author Chen Zilong, associate professor, born in Oct. 1962. obtained Ph. D degree in 1993. Speciality: Experimental Geochemistry.     

陇东地区延长组长3、长4+5储层物源 及其对储层物性的影响

在沉积微相研究工作基础上,针对陇东地区延长组长3、长4+5油层小层对比复杂砂层厚度、岩性横向变 化大的特点,对陇东地区延长组长3、长4+5油层碎屑岩稀土元素、碳酸盐岩岩屑以及轻重矿物组合分布进行 了综合分析研究,认为区内三叠系延长组沉积物源主要来自北东向和西南向,在陇东地区北东物源的沉积边界 大约在南梁—华池地区,西南物源的沉积边界大约在悦乐地区,两者间为砂岩层厚度、岩性、物性变化大的混源 区。通过对不同物源区的储层特征分析对比,认为在陇东地区延长组沉积物物源分布范围、组合特征是影响储 层发育的主要因素之一。     

洪潮遭遇情况的水动力学计算

运用Saint Venant方程和二维浅水方程计算了洪潮遭遇的水动力特性 .采用将一维和二维计算区域局部重叠的方法实现了两个计算区域的衔接 .经过对深圳河各种情况下水动力特性的计算表明 ,所采用的方法是十分有效和切实可行的     

三肇地区扶余油层致密油形成条件及分布规律

综合利用地质、钻井、测井及地球化学等方面资料,系统分析了松辽盆地三肇地区扶余油层致密油的形成条件和分布规律。结果表明,研究区具备形成致密油的4个有利条件：原油性质好,可流动性强,致密油形成条件优越;广覆式大面积分布的优质烃源岩与致密储层紧邻,为致密油形成提供了充足的油源基础;大面积广泛分布的致密储层为致密油藏形成提供了有效储集空间;地层超压与油源断层有机匹配,为致密油向下运移提供了充足的动力。最后指出,三肇地区扶余油层致密油具有大面积（准）连续分布特征,含油非均质性极强,存在局部“甜点”富集区,河道砂体控制致密油局部“甜点”富集区。