一种适用于BESS的交错并联双向DC/DC变换器

针对现有电池储能系统(BESS)双向DC/DC变换器(BDC)电压增益低和开关器件电压应力高等特点,提出一种适用于BESS的两相交错并联BDC。该储能系统(ESS)能有效结合Z源网络和交错并联结构的优势特性。详细分析了该ESS的工作原理、Boost和Buck模式,并推导出2种工作模式下的电压变化比。同时对该ESS两相交错并联BDC的带逻辑判断单元的载波移相控制策略进行了详细介绍。在Matlab/Simulink中搭建仿真实验模型,验证了该ESS各工作模式下的主要工作波形。仿真实验结果表明该系统具有电压增益高、开关器件电压应力低和各相电感之间能实现自动均流等优点。     

大容量储能系统三电平双向DC/DC变换器的研制与仿真

设计了一种适用于大容量储能系统的三电平双向DC/DC变换器,其拓扑采用可承受大电压的高频隔离双半桥三电平结构。介绍了三电平双向DC/DC变换器的工作原理和开关器件应力情况,分析了在单移相调制策略下的工作特性以及功率特性和软开关条件,并设计了闭环控制系统。通过仿真实验表明,该变换器具有开关管电压应力小,适用于大电压大功率场合;开关管工作在高频软开关条件下,功率密度高;输出电压稳态无差等特点,可满足大容量储能系统的工作要求。     

光伏直流升压系统中级联DC/DC变流器的均流/均压控制策略

输入并联输出串联级联DC/DC变流器可减小开关器件承受的电流/电压应力，适用于低电压输入高电压输出的光伏直流升压系统。为了保证级联变流器的稳定工作，必须确保各模块的输出电压均衡。分析统一占空比控制策略的缺点，提出采用均流型MPPT控制策略实现输出均压和光伏模块的最大功率跟踪，针对均流型MPPT控制策略在光照强度发生变化时的暂态特性的不足提出在均流环的基础上叠加输出电压环的均流均压型MPPT控制策略，以改善系统的动态均压能力。并提出光伏直流升压系统中输入并联输出串联级联DC/DC变流器的模块化设计结构。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种基于开关电容倍压单元的新型浮地并联高增益变换器

针对传统Boost变换器电压增益低、开关器件电压应力大不适用于燃料电池/光伏发电系统的问题,提出一种新型非隔离高增益DC/DC变换器.该拓扑采用浮地并联结构,主电路上下对称,并结合开关电容单元有效提高了变换器的电压增益;此外变换器还具有开关器件低电压应力、低电流应力、电感电流自动均流的优点,多电感并联的结构则有利于提升...     

适用于太阳电池的低应力高增益升压变换器

在太阳能开发利用过程中,升压变换器能实现较高升压比,但存在开关器件电压应力过高问题。为了降低开关器件电压应力,提出一种低应力高增益升压变换器基本结构,在提高电压增益的同时降低了电压应力。为了更好地适用于多种升压场合,将二次型升压网络、开关电感网络、开关电感电容网络和准Z源网络4种升压单元对其储能电感进行替换,得到一类低应力高增益升压变换器,分析了利用准Z源网络替代的高增益升压变换器工作特性,并与同类型变换器进行对比分析。最后,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件和实验样机验证了所提变换器理论分析的正确性和可行性。     

两级微型逆变器GaN DC/DC电路软开关特性和损耗分析

采用GaN FET正反激高增益DC/DC电路以实现微型逆变器高效率、高升压比、减小变压器体积的目标。首先介绍GaN FET器件的结构及其特性;其次分析正反激高增益DC/DC电路的工作原理及其软开关特性,并给出该拓扑理论损耗分析;最后搭建200 W GaN FET正反激高增益DC/DC电路的仿真及实验验证,理论和实验结果证明该拓扑适用于高效率的微型逆变器前级变换器。     

一种用于直流微电网的新型高增益DC-DC升压变换器北大核心CSCD

直流微电网需要DC-DC升压变换器提高输出电压,为分布式发电单元提供公共电压。文章对传统的升压变换器(Conventional Boost Converter,CBC)和二次升压变换器(Quadratic Boost Converter,QBC)进行改进,提出一种新型高增益DC-DC升压变换器。首先,介绍该新型变换器的拓扑结构与工作原理,并对电路参数进行了设计,分析了功率开关的电压应力;然后,从无源元件数量、开关器件间的电压应力等方面,将该变换器与其他拓扑结构进行对比,变换器仅用两个电感、两个电容和两个功率开关,实现电压增益和电流连续输入,且具有二次电压增益高和降低开关器件间电压应力的优点;最后,通过Matlab仿真模型和试验样机,验证了理论分析的正确性。     

磁集成交错并联LCL型高增益变换器

针对分布式光伏发电并网对高增益DC-DC变换器的需求,提出一种基于耦合电感倍压单元的磁集成交错并联高增益变换器,通过改变倍压单元匝数比N提升电压增益的同时将所有电感进行磁集成,推导变换器的电压增益、开关管和二极管的电压应力及暂态和稳态等效电感表达式。理论分析表明该变换器具有较高的增益,电压增益是传统交错并联开关电容电感变换器的（N+1）/2倍,电感以最佳耦合度集成后稳态电流纹波有所减小,暂态响应速度提高约2.5倍,搭建一台功率100 W的实验样机,样机测试验证理论分析,证明了磁集成变换器相较于传统变换器具有更好的电气性能。     

一种无电压尖峰的改进型分裂Δ源逆变器

针对传统Δ源逆变器(Δ-source inverter,DSI)存在着开关管有较大的电压尖峰、高增益下输出电能质量差的问题,在分裂Δ源逆变器(Split Δ-source inverter,SDSI)的基础上,加入电压箝位单元,提出了一种改进型分裂Δ源逆变器(Improved split Δ-source inverter,ISDSI),研究了它的拓扑结构与工作状态,重点分析了其稳态升压特性与消除电压尖峰过程,并计算了各开关器件的电压应力。新提出的拓扑保留了SDSI升压占空比和调制因数同向调整的优点,这有助于改善高增益下输出电能质量。此外,新拓扑消除了开关管电压尖峰,降低了开关管和二极管的电压应力。Matlab/Simulink软件仿真和样机试验的结果验证了变换器的性能,证明了所提逆变器能够有效解决Δ源逆变器存在的突出问题。     

基于移相控制的双向DC/DC变换器改进占空比调制策略

文章在移相控制的基础上,介绍和分析了改进占空比调制策略的工作原理,提出了一种新型双向DC/DC变换器调制策略,同时改变某一桥臂上两个开关管的占空比来减小其工作时的功率回流现象。相比于传统单移相控制,该方法具有更小的电流应力和回流功率,扩大了传输功率的调节范围;相比于双移相控制,调节难度相对简单容易实现。最后通过仿真验证了改进占空比调制的可行性。     

Interleaved,switched-inductor,multi-phase,multi-device DC/DC boost converter for non-isolated and high conversion ratio fuel cell applications

Fuel cell power conditioners often require high step-up voltage gains to accommodate low input fuel cell voltages into high voltage busses. Traditional non-isolated DC-DC boost converters are unable to offer such as gains because of several parasitic elements and non-ideal behaviour of power semiconductors and driving circuits. Moreover, paralleled converters are also desirable to simplify power-up scaling and to reduce input/output current ripples. In this context, a very versatile non-isolated, high step-up voltage gain, interleaved boost converter is presented in this work. Steady-state analysis, simulation and evaluation of different converter structures are discussed in detail. Finally, a 500-W experimental prototype for Nexa Ballard 1.2 kW fuel cell specifications has been implemented and tested to verify the performance.     

High voltage step-up integrated double Boost–Sepic DC–DC converter for fuel-cell and photovoltaic applications

In this paper, an integrated double boost SEPIC (IDBS) converter is proposed as a high step-up converter. The proposed converter utilizes a single controlled power switch and two inductors and is able to provide high voltage gain without extreme switch duty-cycle. The two inductors can be coupled into one core for reducing the input current ripple without affecting the basic DC characteristic of the converter. Moreover, the voltage stresses across all the semiconductors are less than half of the output voltage. The reduced voltage stress across the power switch enables the use of a lower voltage and R_DS-ON MOSFET switch, which will further reduce the conduction losses. Whereas, the low voltage stress across the diodes allows the use of Schottky rectifiers for alleviating the reverse-recovery current problem, leading to a further reduction in the switching and conduction losses. A detailed circuit analysis is performed to derive the design equations. A design example for a 100-W/240 V_dc with 24 V_dc input voltage is provided. The feasibility of the converter is confirmed with results obtained from simulation and an experimental prototype.     

A family of high gain fuel cell front-end converters with low input current ripple for PEMFC power conditioning systems

Since the output voltage of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is relatively low and load-dependent, a high-performance fuel cell front-end converter is required to achieve boost and power regulation in PEMFC systems. In response, a novel family of high gain fuel cell front-end converters with low input current ripple is proposed. The proposed topologies can substantially improve the voltage gain through the expansion and combination of active switched-inductor networks and passive switched-capacitor units. The introduced interleaved parallel structure is convenient to limit the current ripple on the input side to prevent accelerated aging of fuel cells, which is another prominent advantage. Meanwhile, the converters can achieve the automatic current sharing between parallel inductors and the low voltage stress on active switches and diodes. In this paper, the fuel cell model and topology derivation of the high gain fuel cell front-end converters are first analyzed. Then, it further describes the operating mode and steady-state performance of converters under the inductor current continuous conduction mode. The comparison with other converters shows that this converter is suitable for connecting the PEMFC to the high voltage DC bus. Finally, a 200 W, 20/180 V converter prototype is implemented, and the simulation and experiment prove the theoretical correctness and validate the superior performances of the proposed converters.     

基于逆变器直流电压模式波能装置并网接入方法

针对采用蓄电池提供直流母线电压难于满足波能装置装机容量不断增长需求的问题,提出基于逆变器直流电压模式的多液压发电机组并网接入方法。逆变器为液压发电机组直接提供直流母线电压,组建成波能装置无蓄电池组支撑的直流纳电网。建立了逆变器直流电压模式电路拓扑和直流电压外环控制回路。通过多液压发电机组波能装置基于逆变器直流电压模式仿真试验,验证了无蓄电池组波能装置并网接入方法的可行性。该研究成果已应用到500 kW“长山号”波能装置中,为大功率波能装置并网系统研究奠定了基础。     

光伏系统中的新型高增益直流升压变换器

针对光伏系统中对电压增益高、电压应力小的高性能直流升压变换器的需求,研究了一种新型高增益变换器的拓扑结构。首先,阐述了该变换器的结构来源,介绍了该变换器的工作原理,再推导其电压增益、开关管和二极管的电压应力公式,展示了部分元器件的电压、电流波形,并对比研究了该变换器与一些同类型的变换器的部分参数,最终通过开环试验验证了该变换器的有效性。该变换器具有一定的推广应用价值。     

A high voltage ratio and low stress DC–DC converter with reduced input current ripple for fuel cell source

A new single-switch non-isolated dc–dc converter with high-voltage gain and reduced semiconductor voltage stress is proposed in this paper. The proposed topology is derived from the conventional boost converter integrated with self-lift Sepic converter for providing high voltage gain without extreme switch duty-cycle. The reduced voltage stress across the power switch enables the use of a lower voltage and R_DS-ON MOSFET switch, which will further reduce the conduction losses. Moreover, the low voltage stress across the diodes allows the use of Schottky rectifiers for alleviating the reverse-recovery current problem, leading to a further reduction in the switching and conduction losses. Furthermore, the “near-zero” ripple current can be achieved at the input side of the converter which will help improve the fuel cell stack life cycle. The principle of operation, and theoretical are performed. Experimental results of a 100 W/240 V_dc output with 24 V_dc input voltage are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme.     

Integrated modeling and control of a PEM fuel cell power system with a PWM DC/DC converter

A fuel cell powered system is regarded as a high current and low voltage source. To boost the output voltage of a fuel cell, a DC/DC converter is employed. Since these two systems show different dynamics, they need to be coordinated to meet the demand of a load. This paper proposes models for the two systems with associated controls, which take into account a PEM fuel cell stack with air supply and thermal systems, and a PWM DC/DC converter. The integrated simulation facilitates optimization of the power control strategy, and analyses of interrelated effects between the electric load and the temperature of cell components. In addition, the results show that the proposed power control can coordinate the two sources with improved dynamics and efficiency at a given dynamic load.     

中频隔离型光伏±35kV/500kW直流变流器研究与工程应用

首先提出一种中频隔离型光伏±35 kV/500 kW直流变流器,该直流变流器由三相T型三电平并联中频逆变器模组、中频400 Hz/24脉波移相升压变压器、三相二极管整流桥以及高压滤波电路组成,该变流器具有升压比高、结构简单、成本低的优势;其次,为了实现逆变器并联模组有功、无功功率的实时均分,采用一种瞬时功率均分的功率主从控制方案;接着,提出一种基于中频变压器无功补偿的改进型LCL滤波器参数设计方法以提高变流器的效率。最后,通过Matlab/Simulink仿真以及张北国家大型风电并网系统研发（实验）中心建设的光伏发电中压直流汇集现场示范工程,对所提直流变流器的设计理念和控制方法进行验证,现场并网实测最大效率为96.33%,升压比高达88,输出电压±35 kV,仿真和实验结果证明了所提直流变流器的可行性。     

直流微电网系统的DC/DC变换器控制系统设计

全桥DC/DC变换器由于具有高功率密度、高效率、高变压比及电气隔离的特点,成为直流微电网系统中重要的电力电子接口。而移相全桥DC/DC变换器具有高阶时变非线性的特点,具体应用时较难建立其精确的数学模型,这影响了传统PID控制性能,因此设计了模糊自整定控制器。通过对峰值电流模式下变换器的小信号建模,在传统PI控制的基础上,给出了基于模糊理论的PI参数在线自整定方法。同时,利用Matlab仿真工具给出了模糊控制器的设计方法,并通过DSP对其进行软硬件实现。仿真和试验结果表明,模糊自整定控制与常规PI控制相比,提高了系统的抗扰动能力,改善了系统的动态性能,从而提高了整个微电网系统的可靠性。