Bibster—a semantics-based bibliographic Peer-to-Peer system

This paper describes Bibster, a Peer-to-Peer system for exchanging bibliographic metadata among researchers. We show how Bibster exploits ontologies in data-representation, query formulation, query routing, and query result presentation. The Bibster system is freely available and is used by researchers across multiple organizations.     

Development of a product configuration system with an ontology-based approach

Product configuration is a crucial means to implement the mass customization paradigm by assembling a set of customizable components to satisfy both customers’ needs and technical constraints. With the aim of enabling efficient and effective development of product configuration systems by reusing configuration knowledge, an ontology-based approach to modeling product configuration knowledge is presented in this paper. The ontology-based product configuration models are hierarchically organized. At the lower level, a configuration meta-model is defined. Based on this meta-model, domain-specific configuration knowledge can be derived by reusing or inheriting the classes or relations in the meta-model. Configuration models are formalized using OWL (Ontology Web Language), an ontology representation language developed by W3C. As a result, configuration models have well-defined semantics due to the logic semantics of OWL, making it possible to automatically detect inconsistencies of configuration knowledge bases. Furthermore, configuration constraints are represented in SWRL, a rule language based on OWL. Finally, actual configuration processes are carried out using JESS, a rule engine for the Java platform, by mapping OWL-based configuration facts and SWRL-based configuration constraints into JESS facts and JESS rules, respectively. The proposed methodology is illustrated with an example for configuring the ranger drilling machine.     

Web本体语言OWL及在产品信息表达中的应用

STEP标准和STEP标准的形式化信息描述语言EXPRESS在数据格式上统一了产品信息的建模标准,实现了语法层面上的数据交换和互操作能力.而当今计算环境要求基于语义Web的语言来描述产品信息,以实现产品信息在知识级的交换和共享,STEP没有提供这种特性.介绍了由W3C主持制定的Web本体语言OWL,并用实例给出了OWL在产品信息表达中的应用.     

一种描述逻辑与DL-safe规则复合逻辑中的规则抽取方法

OWL本体描述语言包含相对丰富的概念定义符,但提供的关系定义符描述能力则较差。将OWL与规则相结合是克服这种表达能力限制的一种常用方法。Motik提出了一种可判定的方法,将SHIQ（D）描述逻辑与规则结合,所结合的规则限定在一种叫做DL-safe规则的范围内。本文提出了一种抽取DL-safe规则的方法,方法利用SHIQ（D）逻辑中的UNION定义符满足一些规则在前件中包含析取逻辑运算符的需求,从而扩展了规则的描述能力。     

基于本体概念相似度的软件构件检索方法

随着软件重用与产品线技术的日趋成熟,基于产品线采用构件快速地开发出软件产品成为了研究的热点,而高效的构件检索方法是此技术能否实施的关键。因此,使用本体Web语言(OWL)描述构件,并将其转化为本体树进行模糊匹配,然后对失配的构件进行重组,并使用KMP算法对查询本体树的相似概念进行修改,从而检索到更 精确且满足用户需求的构件。最后,给出了构件查询算法,并在此基础上开发了构件库查询系统原型,并与采用刻面和特征的查询方法进行了比较实验,结果证明了此方法的可行性与有效性。     

语义网服务中的本体综述

作为实现下一代Web的集成方案,语义网服务将语义Web技术和Web服务技术相结合,以支持Web服务的自动发现、选择、合成和执行.本体是语义网服务的理论基础.介绍了Web资源描述本体OWL和Web服务描述本体的概况,并对3种主流的Web服务语义描述框架进行对比分析,为语义网服务中本体的创建提供基础知识.研究了语义网服务中存在的各层次的本体异构问题,明确了语义网服务中本体集成的主要研究方向.     

WebOWL: A Semantic Web search engine development experiment

This paper presents WebOWL, an experiment in using the latest technologies to develop a Semantic Web search engine. WebOWL consists of a community of intelligent agents, acting as crawlers, that are able to discover and learn the locations of Semantic Web neighborhoods on the Web, a semantic database to store data from different ontologies, a query mechanism that supports semantic queries in OWL, and a ranking algorithm that determines the order of the returned results based on the semantic relationships of classes and individuals. The system has been implemented using Jade, Jena and the db4o object database engine and has successfully stored over one million OWL classes, individuals and properties.     

无纸化考试系统研制

本系统是基于局域网网络服务器、教师机、学生机环境下,适合于选择题、操作题考试的无纸化考试系统。除考试外,平时本系统可以作为选择题练习、作业管理和教学效果调查使用。     

一种基于本体的团队知识共享模型

针对在Internet环境下进行项目开发的特点，提出一种团队知识共享模型，通过使用OWL表示的领域本体和应用本体来组织分散在Internet环境中的知识，并在此基础上定义了基本知识操作，使得Internet下的团队成员能够进行项目知识的查询、发布及订阅，方便了团队成员之间的知识共享。     

一种利用模糊关系数据库构建模糊OWL本体的方法

经典OWL本体不能直接表示和处理语义Web应用中广泛存在的模糊知识,鉴于模糊关系数据库在模糊数据表示与处理方面的优势,提出利用模糊关系数据库来构建模糊OWL本体.通过对RDF数据类型进行模糊扩展,并从模糊数据类型角度扩展OWL,解决了模糊OWL本体的表示问题;在此基础上,研究了以模糊关系数据库为数据源的模糊OWL本体的构建方法,该方法为语义Web中模糊本体的构建提供了一个有效的解决方案.     

A methodology for the semi-automatic creation of data-driven detailed business ontologies

In the context of technological expansion and development, companies feel the need to renew and optimize their information systems as they search for the best way to manage knowledge. Business ontologies within the semantic web are an excellent tool for managing knowledge within this space. The proposal in this article consists of a methodology for integrating information in companies. The application of this methodology results in the creation of a specific business ontology capable of semantic interoperability. The resulting ontology, developed from the information system of specific companies, represents the fundamental business concepts, thus making it a highly appropriate information integration tool. Its level of semantic expressivity improves on that of its own sources, and its solidity and consistency are guaranteed by means of checking by current reasoning tools. An ontology created in this way could drive the renewal processes of companies’ information systems. A comparison is also made with a number of well-known business ontologies, and similarities and differences are drawn, highlighting the difficulty in aligning general ontologies to specific ones, such as the one we present.     

基于答案及其上下文信息的问题生成模型

基于文本的问题生成是从给定的句子或段落中生成相关问题。目前,主要采用序列到序列的神经网络模型来研究包含答案的句子生成问题,然而这些方法存在以下问题:①生成的疑问词与答案类型不匹配;②问题与答案的相关性不强。该文提出一个基于答案及其上下文信息的问题生成模型。该模型首先根据答案与上下文信息的关系确定与答案类型匹配的疑问词;然后利用答案及其上下文信息确定问题相关词,使问题尽可能使用原文中的词;最后结合原句作为输入来生成问题。相关实验表明,该文提出的模型性能明显优于基线系统。     

Semantic web service composition testbed

A huge amount of web services are deployed on the Web, nowadays. These services can be used to fulfill online requests. Requests are getting more and more complicated over time. So, there exists a lot of frequent request that cannot be fulfilled using just one web service. For using web services, composing individual services to create the added-value composite web service to fulfill the user request is necessary in most cases. Web services can be composed manually but it is a too tedious and time consuming task. The ability of automatic web service composition to create a new composite web service is one of the key enabling features for the future for the semantic web. There are some successful methods for automatic web service composition, but the lack of standard, open, and lightweight test environment makes the comparison and evaluation of these composition methods impossible. In this paper we propose an architecture for a light weight and scalable testbed to execute, test and evaluate automatic web service composition algorithms. The architecture provides mandatory components for implementing and evaluation of automatic web service composition algorithms. Also, this architecture provides some extension mechanisms to extend its default functionalities. We have also given reference implementations for web service matchmaking and composition. Also, some scenarios for testing and evaluating the testbed are given. We have found that the performance of the composition method will dramatically decrease as the number of web services increases.