物理化学实验课教学模式的改革与实践

分析了目前物理化学实验课的教学现状和教学中存在的主要问题,并对物理化学实验教学进行了改革和探索。改变了传统的实验教学模式,搭建了物理化学实验教学网络平台,增强了学生学习的主动性,提高了学生的实验效率和实验质量,培养了学生的创新意识和创新能力,收到了良好的教学效果。     

医学专业物理化学教学改革的探索

结合多年的教学实践,分析了医学专业物理化学教学的现状和存在的主要问题,并对物理化学教学进行了改革和探索。改变了传统的教学模式,搭建了一个新的教学平台,增强了学生学习的主观能动性,提高了学生的学习效率和质量,培养了学生的创新意识和创新能力,取得了较好的教学效果。     

烟气脱硫脱硝技术发展分析

本文介绍了烟气脱硫脱硝技术的研究现状,从干法和湿法两方面介绍了脱硫脱硝领域的各项技术,对技术脉络进行了梳理,总结和分析了各项技术的优缺点和适应性,并对我国脱硫脱硝技术发展方向和前景进行了展望,为国内烟气脱硫脱硝技术的发展提供了参考。     

PVDF与PES滤芯对液体质量的影响分析

本文以不同材质的除菌过滤滤芯为对象,以溶液酸碱度为指标,探究了滤芯材质与操作参数对液体质量的交互作用规律,并取得了一定的成果。本文的创新点和成果主要有：采用了成品滤芯（PVDF孔径0.22mm,PES孔径0.22mm+0.45mm）,避免了自制滤芯的不稳定性和不可重复性;分析了疫苗生产中常见的不同性质的液体,如蛋白溶液、盐溶液、缓冲液和培养液,考察了它们的酸碱度、电导率、吸光度等参数,反映了液体的物理、化学和生物学特性;测试了滤芯与液体的交互作用,包括过滤通量和酸碱度变化率,揭示了滤芯材质、操作参数和液体性质对液体质量的影响,为过滤器的选择和操作参数的调节提供了依据;综合评价了PVDF滤芯和PES滤芯的优缺点,提出了适合不同液体的过滤方案,为疫苗生产中的液体过滤和净化提供了参考。     

燃生物质颗粒燃料导热油炉的研究开发

介绍了生物质颗粒燃料的特点和绿色环保性能。分析了生物质颗粒的成型加工原理和生产工艺流程,讨论了添加剂和黏结剂的作用和效果,研究了生物质颗粒的成型加工方法和成型机械装备。设计开发了燃木材和木颗粒往复炉排管架式导热油炉、燃生物质颗粒卧式链条炉排方箱形导热油炉,给出了卧式方箱形燃生物质颗粒燃料导热油炉的技术性能参数表,为生物质颗粒燃料的生产加工和使用提供了设计开发数据。     

二甲醚作为二次能源的前景分析

论述了二甲醚作为二次能源替代民用燃料和车用燃料的可行性和重大意义,阐述了我国能源短缺的危害和开发二次能源的必要性和紧迫性,简述了二甲醚的性质和制备,分析了二甲醚作为二次新能源开发的资源优势和对环境的重大意义及开发前景。     

刮板输送机传动装置故障分析及运行监测研究

本文首先对刮板输送机的传动装置及其相关故障进行了全面调查和分析,明确了故障的类型和特征。接着,本文设计了一种基于运行监测的方法,通过数据采集和分析,实现了对刮板输送机传动装置的实时监测,从而更准确地预测和诊断故障。通过研究和分析,本研究发现了传动装置故障的主要影响因素,并提出了相应的改进措施和建议。最后,本文总结了本研究的主要成果和意义,强调了刮板输送机传动装置故障分析及运行监测对于提高生产效率和降低设备维修成本的重要性。     

汽油清洗机器爆燃致多入伤亡事故的原因剖析

简要介绍了某设备制造公司装配油漆工段发生燃爆事故的经过,详细描述了现场勘查过程和发现,通过勘查,详细分析了造成事故的直接原因和间接原因,并界定了事故责任和处理意见,提出了整改措施。     

精细化工实验教学改革初探

通过改革精细化工实验课的教学内容、教学方法和考核方式,激发了学生的学习兴趣,调动了学生的学习自主性和积极性,提高了学生查阅资料的能力,培养了学生发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力,提高了精细化工实验的教学质量,培养出应用型、创新型人才;同时对教师专业素质和综合能力提出了更高要求,促使教师不断学习,改进教学方法,提高了教师自身的业务能力和水平。     

聚酯装置工艺优化与增容工作总结

分析了吉玛工艺的特点,细述了聚酯装置工艺优化和增容的原则、步骤和组织实施,总结了仪化公司10多年的聚酯工艺优化和改造的思路和成功经验,指出了增容改造的根本点,为进一步的工作指明了方向。     

A new approach to investigate scratch morphology and appearance of an automotive coating containing nano-SiO2 and polysiloxane additives

Attempts have been carried out to verify whether gonio-spectrophotometry could be utilized as a new scratch testing approach to investigate scratch morphology and its effect on appearance of an acrylic-melamine clearcoat separately containing nano-silica or polysiloxane additives. The results of gonio-spectrophotometry/colorimetry illustrated that this new approach is capable of differentiating between plastic and fracture types scratches. Furthermore, this approach was found to be suitable for analyzing the self healing abilities of such coatings. The accuracy and reproducibility of such results were checked against the results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and illustrated great potential as a new approach for such studies.     

一种约束一般模型控制新方法

在引入近似预测模型的基础上 ,应用基于二次规划的滚动优化算法 ,处理被控量、操作量及其变化速率的线性约束 .将此优化算法与经典的一般模型控制 (GMC)方法相结合 ,给出了一种基于二次规划的约束一般模型控制新方法 .     

基于模型预测残差闭环潜能指标的MPC控制器实时性能监控

由于模型预测控制器对模型失配等不确定因素具有较强的鲁棒性,因此现有的多步预测误差方法不能及时显著地检测到由模型失配导致的MPC控制器性能潜能的变化。针对上述问题,提出一种改进的多步预测误差方法和实时性能监控策略。考虑到MPC控制器的模型预测残差能有效反映模型失配等信息,利用预测残差对现有多步预测误差方法进行改进,改进的方法能够更好地检测由模型失配引起的MPC控制器性能潜能的改变。在连续搅拌槽加热器(continuous stirred tank heater,CSTH)系统上的仿真实验验证了该方法的可行性与有效性。     

Comparison of two methods of optimal control synthesis: Partial differential equation approach and integral equation approach

This study shows how the optimal control theory for distributed parameter systems can be implemented for a problem of tubular reactor with axial dispersion described by partial differential equations. Two methods are implemented. One is based on differential equation approach and the other is based on integral equation approach. It was found that the approach with partial differential equations is preferable to the one with integral equations for the type of problems treated in this study. Computation algorithms and programs for both cases are developed.     

联产系统环境(火用)经济学综合评价

通过对能源系统增加虚拟排放治理单元,以排放火用小成本和火用小经济学成本的形式量化终端排放的环境影响,从而来统一产品输出相同、终端排放不同的系统间热力、环境和经济(TEE)性能比较基准;其次,把排放火用小成本和火用小经济学成本按照各单元排放占联产系统终端排放的比例分摊,来考虑联产系统不同产品对应环境影响的差异,建立了一种适合联产系统的环境火用小经济学综合评价分析方法;最后,以煤气化F-T合成燃料/电联产系统为例介绍该方法应用。与常规基于热力学第一定律的技术经济方法分析结果对比表明：该方法能够以环境火用小成本的形式分析联产系统的产品能耗、成本和TEE综合效益来源。与常规火用小经济学方法分析结果对比表明：该方法可以体现联产系统终端排放对不同产品的影响差异以及联产系统TEE综合性能潜力。     

Optimization of the Spray Drying Operating Parameters—A Quick Trial-and-Error Method

This short communication reports an optimization approach to effectively determine suitable spray drying operating parameters for a pilot-scale dryer. The proposed optimization approach is essential, as pilot-scale investigations and medium-scale contract productions often involve usage of standard spray dryer units which is not specifically designed for the feed material used. This optimization approach was developed based on past studies on the effect and relationship of the many spray drying operating parameters and highlights two factors which has to be solved (or considered) chronologically: dripping problem, followed by product caking problem. Based on this proposed approach, an algorithm was developed in a case study to optimize an available spray dryer for our future experimental study on wall deposition. In this case, the operating parameters were determined under minimal experimental runs. This proposed optimization approach will be a useful tool for operators and experimenters utilizing spray dryers of similar type, particularly in exploring new feed materials. Depending on the optimization objectives and experimental limitations, different algorithms can be developed. Apart from that, interesting deposition pattern was also observed in the case study. This short communication also reported on the design of an internal rig for further studies on wall deposition.     

Reverse Methodology to Identify Moisture Diffusivity During Air-Drying of Foodstuffs

The effective moisture diffusion is a key parameter for the simulation of the drying process of food products. A conventional procedure includes an identification step performed on thin-layer drying kinetics followed by a validation step on deep-bed drying kinetics. Unfortunately, this approach requires several experiments at different air temperatures while only using moisture data is accounted for identification purposes. For this reason, a reverse approach was developed. Results showed that identification on a single deep-bed kinetic allows for valid simulations of thin-layer kinetics on a wide range of temperatures. In addition, two correlations for moisture diffusivity are tested.     

聚合物／黏土纳米复合材料的制备及其应用进展

基于国内外对聚合物黏土纳米复合材料的制备所做的报道,本文介绍了热塑性树脂、热固性树脂黏土纳米复合材料的制备方法。并对聚合物黏土纳米复合材料在国内外的应用作了综述。     

改进的Van Leusen法合成片螺素结构简化物

以查尔酮和对甲苯磺酰甲基异氰(TosMIC)为原料,使用改进的Van Leusen合成法,在DMSO溶剂中,通过金属钠和DMSO反应生成的NaCH2SOCH3为催化剂,合成了12个片螺素结构简化物,并用IR和1HNMR对所合成的化合物结构进行了表征。结果表明,在反应温度25~50℃,反应时间30~120 min的条件下,该法的合成产率可达63%~82%。该法避免了传统的Van Leusen方法中使用NaH作为催化剂、乙醚作为溶剂所带来的价格昂贵和容易着火等问题,便于放大合成和工业化生产。     

A structure-controlled investigation of lipase enantioselectivity by a path-planning approach

A novel approach based on efficient path-planning algorithms was applied to investigate the influence of substrate access on Burkholderia cepacia lipase enantioselectivity. The system studied was the transesterification of 2-substituted racemic acid derivatives catalysed by B. cepacia lipase. In silico data provided by this approach showed a fair qualitative agreement with experimental results, and hence the potential of this computational method for fast screening of racemates. In addition, a collision detector algorithm used during the pathway searches enabled the rapid identification of amino acid residues hindering the displacement of substrates along the deep, narrow active-site pocket of B. cepacia lipase and thus provided valuable information to guide the molecular engineering of lipase enantioselectivity.