熔炼工艺对Cu-10Ni-5Mo合金组织和导热性能的影响

采用真空非自耗电弧熔炼和真空高频感应熔炼喷铸成型2种熔炼工艺,制备Cu-10Ni-5Mo合金,研究了熔炼工艺对合金组织和导热性能的影响.结果表明,电弧熔炼制备的合金试样组织晶粒粗大,相组成为α固溶体和少量MoNi相;高频感应熔炼喷射成型工艺制备的合金试样组织晶粒细小,相组成为单相α固溶体.实验条件下,电弧熔炼工艺制备的合金试样热导率为56.9 W/(m·K),高频感应熔炼喷射成型工艺制备的合金试样热导率为35.7 W/(m·K),2种工艺制备的合金熔点均有提高,但二者相差不大.     

制备工艺对Cu-11Ni-2W合金组织和导热性能的影响

采用真空非自耗电弧熔炼和高频感应熔炼喷铸成型两种工艺制备Cu-11Ni-2W合金,研究了制备工艺对合金组织和导热性能的影响。结果表明:电弧熔炼工艺制备的合金试样组织晶粒粗大,相组成为α固溶体和少量W相;高频感应熔炼喷铸工艺制备的合金试样组织晶粒细小,相组成为单相α固溶体;本文实验条件下,电弧熔炼制备试样的导热率为67.2W/(m.K),熔点为1157.27℃,感应熔炼喷铸工艺制备试样的导热率为47.8W/(m.K)。     

原位合金化双丝电弧增材制造γ-TiAl组织性能研究

本文采用双丝电弧增材制造的方法制备了Ti-48Al合金,在此基础上通过原位合金化制备了Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb金属间化合物,借助XRD,OM,SEM,微小力学拉伸以及高温氧化试验表征了两种合金的组织与性能。研究结果表明,两种堆积试样的成分均匀,并且均由γ-TiAl和α2-Ti3Al片层组织组成,微量合金元素Cr和Nb的添加不改变合金的相组成。微小力学拉伸结果证实了Cr和Nb微量元素的添加可以显著提高合金的抗拉强度,但对塑性没有明显的影响。高温抗氧化性试验结果表明,Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金试样比Ti-48Al合金具有更优良的抗氧化性能,试样的最终增重由5.26 g/cm2降低至1.95 g/cm2。     

Fe-Ga合金薄带的显微组织及磁致伸缩性能

采用熔体快淬的方法制备了成分分别为Fe100-x Gax (x=17、18、21)的合金薄带,研究了不同辊速(分别为12、15、20m/s)、不同成分Fe-Ga合金薄带的显微组织结构和磁致伸缩性能.试验结果表明,Fe-Ga合金的显微组织及磁致伸缩性能与合金的成分和快淬时的冷却速率密切相关,辊速为12m/s时制备的Fe83 Ga17合金薄带的磁致伸缩最大,达到6.5×10-15.研究发现,所有成分的合金试样都以α-Fe的固溶体形式存在,沿薄带厚度方向晶体具有一定的取向性,大的品格畸变和薄带的形状各异对薄带的磁致伸缩有影响.     

Nd对块体Mg-Cu-Y-Nd非晶合金玻璃形成能力的影响

在非真空熔炼条件下采用工业纯原材料和负压铜模吸铸法制备Mg65Cu25Y10-xNdx(x=0,2,4,6,8,10)棒状试样,利用差示扫描量热(DSC)和X射线衍射(XRD)等方法分析Nd对Mg-Cu-Y-Nd非晶合金玻璃形成能力的影响。结果表明:Nd的含量(x)为0,4,6成分的合金试样具有完全非晶态组织,且x=4时具有最大的玻璃形成能力,其约化玻璃转变温度(Trg)为0.592,过冷液相区宽度(ΔTx)高达66 K;当x为2,8,10时,由于合金成分明显偏离共晶成分,玻璃形成能力降低,试样只含有少量非晶,且主要呈晶体组织特征。     

型壳温度对IN738LC高温合金显微组织及性能的影响

采用熔模精密铸造的方法制备了IN738LC合金试样,研究不同型壳预热温度对合金显微组织和力学性能的影响,研究表明:IN738LC合金试样型壳温度为880℃时,可以显著改善IN738LC合金组织并提高力学性能。     

时效对CuZnAl形状记忆合金相变特性的影响

研究了标称成分分别为Ｃｕ 2 4 98Ｚｎ 4 43Ａｌ和Ｃｕ 2 1 6 2Ｚｎ 5 6 8Ａｌ(质量百分比 )的 2个形状记忆合金。作为Ｘ光检验用的粉末试样 ,采用了合金的锉屑 ,试样经固溶热处理后立即冰盐水淬火获得 β马氏体组织 ,摄取Ｘ光衍射图后 ,进行室温时效 ,时效后再进行Ｘ光衍射检验。为了确定合金的正向及逆向的相转变温度以及相变能量 ,分别用两个合金制备了盘形试样。作为显微镜观察用的合金试样 ,首先经 β相区固溶处理( 82 0℃× 30ｍｉｎ)后立即冰盐水淬火形成β型马氏体组织。所得试样再经 2 0 0℃× 8ｈ时效后机械抛光 ,表面经化学浸蚀…     

热处理工艺对高锰可锻铸铁组织和硬度的影响

采用1600℃高温熔炼炉和金属型铸造方法制备了三种不同成分的高锰白口铸铁试样,经过高温石墨化退火后分别进行炉冷、空冷和水淬处理。研究了不同热处理工艺对不同成分的高锰可锻铸铁显微组织和力学性能的影响,试验结果表明,炉冷处理后的试样由珠光体和少量的铁素体组成,高锰可锻铸铁空冷与淬火处理后的显微组织相近,都是由马氏体加少量残余奥氏体组成;可锻铸铁空冷处理后的硬度比淬火处理后所得的硬度略低。对于淬火试样,回火温度越高,试样硬度越低;合金元素总量越多,试样的硬度值越高。     

快速凝固Ni48Mn33Ga19合金的加热相变组织和结构的研究

采用铜模吸铸式快速凝固法制备了非化学计量成分的Ni48Mn33Ga19合金,研究和比较了经常规冷却和吸铸式快速冷却工艺热处理后合金相变点以及组织和结构的变化规律。结果表明,加热相变过程均为两阶段相变过程;快速凝固工艺可使铸后热处理试样的相变温度接近室温;极高的冷却速率提高了组织均匀性;Ni48Mn33Ga19合金组织经热处理后由奥氏体转变成10层马氏体。     

无损精确定量测量二元合金成分探讨

采用三种成分分析方法定量测量了二元Ni-W合金试样的成分变化区.三种方法分别为密度转换成分法、微观组织转换成分法和X射线荧光光谱分析(XRF).对比三种分析方法测得的数据表明,密度转换成分法和微观组织转换成分法都能够精确地测定合金成分,而其中微观组织转换成分法还可以在保持试样完整的情况下得到测试结果.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.