基于PSO的级联马赫-曾德尔型光滤波器优化设计

首次应用连续和离散版本的粒子群优化算法(PSO),实现级联马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)型光滤波器中关键结构参数(耦合角和相移因子)对理想系数的逼近,完成光滤波器的优化设计.结果表明:三级级联MZI型滤波器输出响应与理想响应之间的误差控制在10^-5量级内;同时与遗传算法(GA)设计方案相比,PSO方案具备计算时间少、逼近适应度好、滤波消光比高的特点.     

多用户间干扰下IRS辅助毫米波波束赋形研究

为解决IRS辅助毫米波通信系统中的干扰问题，提出了一种基于最大化系统总传输速率的联合波束赋形方案。该方案采用分数规划和二次型变换等技术，通过交替优化算法进行连续相移的联合波束赋形设计。针对实际硬件实现中的反射相移离散问题，进一步提出了一种离散相移的交替优化算法。仿真结果表明，该算法能够有效提高系统总传输速率，并且离散相移方案的总传输速率与连续相移方案趋近。     

基于耦合线的紧凑型巴伦带通滤波器设计北大核心CSCD

本文利用发卡滤波器和耦合线组合电路，提出了一款新型巴伦带通滤波器，其具有结构紧凑、简单及集成度高等优点。文中分析了三阶发卡滤波器原理和耦合线组合电路（即平行耦合线和终端短路反平行耦合线）输出180°相位差特性，将二者组合成巴伦带通滤波器，避免了传统巴伦带通滤波器在各路加载滤波器而造成整体系统结构尺寸偏大的问题。所设计的巴伦带通滤波器工作中心频率为2 GHz，实测3-dB带宽为6%，带内插入损耗为4.58 dB，相位差为180°±3.1°，幅度差为0 dB±0.29 dB。仿真和实测结果吻合良好，证明了该设计的可行性。     

基于CRLH TL结构的带通滤波器设计与研究

基于复合左右手传输线（CRLH TL）原理,利用微带与共面波导组合的双层介质结构,设计了一种新型带通滤波器。其等效左手电容由金属 绝缘体 金属（MIM）耦合结构提供,等效左手电感由蘑菇型零阶谐振器（MZOR）中的短路通孔实现。通过研究MZOR中U型槽长度变化对滤波器性能的影响得知,该带通滤波器具有结构紧凑,带宽较大,插入损耗较小等优点。HFSS仿真结果显示,滤波器的通带为3.4~7.2 GHz,通带内插入损耗低于-0.5 dB,回波损耗小于-11.5 dB。因此,该滤波器可应用于超宽带无线通信系统。     

一种SIR结构的超宽带带通滤波器

提出了一种基于阶梯阻抗谐振器（Step Impedance Resonator,SIR）结构的具有平行耦合微带线的超宽带（Ultra-wideband,UWB）带通滤波器。滤波器采用孔径补偿技术设计,在地面上蚀刻两个矩形槽,以增强顶层微带线之间的耦合。为了优化S参数并改善带外的抑制,在谐振器中采用了缺陷微带结构（Defective Microstrip Structure,DMS）。仿真结果表明,滤波器的通带范围为2.3~6.1 GHz,中心频率为4.2 GHz,分数带宽（Fractional Bandwidth,FBW）大于90.4%;插入和回波损耗分别优于-1 dB和-10 dB;通带中群延迟的变化范围为0.4~0.6 ns,滤波器的线性度良好。该滤波器可用于5G通信系统。     

数字通信用陡衰减恒时延晶体滤波器：相位补偿法的实践

本文介绍了数字通信用３ＭＨＺ陡衰减恒时延晶体滤波器的设计，试制及测试结果。文章在分析的基础上，引入了一种新的设计方法－相位补偿法，此方案对实现陡衰减恒时延（或线性相移）滤波器（或滤波器组）都将是一种有益的尝试。     

基于粒子群优化算法思想的组合自适应滤波算法

根据粒子群优化(PSO)算法的社会心理学指导思想并结合自适应FIR滤波器的特点,设计了合适的惯性项、认知项与社会项表达式,并将之应用于组合自适应滤波器的子自适应滤波器更新中,提出了基于PSO算法思想的组合自适应滤波算法,分析了新算法的计算复杂度。理论分析与不同条件下的自适应系统辨识仿真结果表明,新算法可以在不明显提高计算量的条件下较好地平衡自适应滤波器的稳态失调与跟踪能力,其收敛性能优于其它几种较新的LMS算法。     

IIR数字滤波器的粒子群优化设计方法

探讨了IIR（Infinite Impulse Response）数字滤波器的设计,重点研究了IIR数字滤波器设计的粒子群优化（Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO）算法及算法框图,总结了粒子群优化算法的实现步骤。这一算法的提出,避免了传统算法的缺点,所设计的滤波器达到了理想的性能。通过实验表明,IIR数字滤波器的粒子群优化算法优于遗传算法。     

LTCC宽边耦合交指型超宽带滤波器设计

提出用交指型结构实现超宽带（UWB）带通滤波器的小型化,并给出了设计方法。该结构通过宽边耦合实现超宽带滤波器需要的较大耦合系数,并通过加宽带状线谐振器的宽度减少不必要的交叉耦合,简化了滤波器的设计。最终设计了一个中心频率为f0,相对带宽为58%的六阶交指带通滤波器,滤波器尺寸仅为8 mm×11 mm。从仿真结果看,该滤波器保持了传统交指型滤波器阻带特性好,寄生通带远的优点。     

用GCM法对发夹型带通滤波器进行分析和优化设计

本文利用Ｃｅｎｅｒａｌｉｚｅｄ Ｃｏｕｐｌｉｎｇ Ｍｏｄｅｌ（ＧＣＭ）法考虑所有线间耦合，对发夹型带通滤波器进行分析，计算结果与实验结果较为一致，然后在分析的基础上进行优化设计，对于给定的发夹型滤波器结构的任意初值，经过优化可得到符合指标的电路尺寸。本文以一只三阶发夹型带通滤波器为例给出了优化设计结果。     

聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑发光及其器件制备

采用光谱技术,研究了聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑(PBO)溶液的光敏发光特性,并用相对法估算出溶液发光效率在50%范围.结合光谱技术、半导体电学和电化学等研究手段,具体研究了以PBO为发光层的单层电致发光器件,研究结果显示,电致发光与薄膜的光致发光有具有相同的发光中心,峰值位于510 nm左右.同时发现,由于存制备过程中不同处理条件使得不同厚度薄膜残留的掺杂物质浓度不同,从而引起薄膜的导电性的不同.使得器件的阈值场强随PBO厚度的减小而逐渐增加.     

系统级封装新型埋入式电源滤波结构的研究

在高密度小尺寸的系统级封装(SiP)中,对供电系统的完整性要求越来越高,多芯片共用一个电源网路所产生的电压抖动除了会影响到芯片的正常工作,还会通过供电网路干扰到临近电路和其他敏感电路,导致芯片误动作,以及信号完整性和其他电磁干扰问题.这种电压抖动所占频带相当宽,几百MHz到几个GHz的中频电源噪声普通方法很难去除.结合埋入式电容和电源分割方法的特点,提出一种新型高性能埋入式电源低通滤波结构直接替代电源/地平面.研究表明,在0.65～4GHz的频带内隔离深度可达-40～75 dB,电源阻抗均在0.25ohm以下,实现了宽频高隔离度的高性能滤波作用.分别用电磁场和广义传输线两种仿真器模拟,高频等效电路模型分析这种低通滤波器的工作原理以及结构对隔离性能的影响,并进行了实验验证.     

Emerging interconnects: a state-of-the-art review and emerging solutions

Aluminium was a primary material for interconnection in integrated circuits (ICs) since their inception. Later, copper was introduced as interconnect material which has better metallic conductivity and resistance to electromigration. As the aggressive technology scaling continues, the copper resistivity increased because of size effects, which causes increase in delay, power dissipation and electromigration. The need to reduce the resistor-capacitor??????? delay, dynamic power utilisation and the crosstalk commotion is as of now the fundamental main impetus behind the presentation of new materials. The purpose of this paper is to do a survey of interconnect material used in IC from introduction of ICs to till date. This paper studies and reviews new materials available for interconnect application which are optical interconnects, carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and silicon nanowires which are alternatives to copper. While doing a survey of interconnect material, it is found that multiwalled CNTs, multilayer GNR and mixed CNT bundles are promising candidates and are ultimate choice that can strongly address the problems faced by copper but on integration basis copper would last for coming years.     

Arsenic deposition as a precursor layer on silicon (211) and (311) surfaces

We investigate the properties of arsenic (As) covered Si(211) and Si(311) surfaces by analyzing data from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) images. We then create a model using total surface energy calculations. It was found that both Si(211) and Si(311) had 0.68±0.08 surface As coverage. Si(211) had 0.28±0.04 Te coverage and Si(311) had 0.24±0.04 Te coverage. The Si(211) surface replaces the terrace and trench Si atoms with As for a lower surface energy, while the Si edge atoms form dimers. The Si(311) surface replaces all terrace atoms and adsorbs an As dimer every other edge site. These configurations imply an improvement in the mean migration path from the bare silicon surface by allowing the impinging atoms for the next epitaxial layer, tellurium (Te), to bind at every other pair of edge atoms, and not the step terrace sites. This would ensure a nonpolar, B-face growth.     

光子晶体微腔发光二极管

光子晶体微腔因其具有增强自发辐射、定向输出和单模工作的能力而受到广泛关注。介绍了光子晶体微腔发光二极管的基本原理、设计、特性、制作及其典型器件。     

Comparative study of maximum power point tracking techniques for hybrid renewable energy system

The power generation demand is increasing day-by-day throughout the world, therefore, the use of hybrid systems becomes a significant solution. The hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is used for delivering power in various regions in order to overcome intermittence of wind and solar resources. Because of increasing environmental problems, for example, greenhouse gas emission and energy cost have interested novel research into substitute methods in favour of electrical power generation. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control method is a vast deal of novel research used for enhancing the efficiency of HRES. The authors have revealed that the hybrid techniques i.e. Global MPPT, fuzzy-neuro systems, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Perturbed and Observe (P&O) + Adaptive Neural Network (ANN) etc. can provide best results as compared to other MPPT control methods. This paper offering a state of art review of MPPT control techniques for HRES.     

用于单光子TOF测量的时间-幅度变换器

基于新型共源共栅电流源的积分方法,设计了一种用于单光子飞行时间(TOF)测量的时间-幅度变换器(TAC)。该方法有效简化了TAC电路结构,减小了TAC占用面积,显著提高了TOF的满量程范围(FSR)。采用0.18 μm标准CMOS工艺设计。集成TAC的单光子探测器像素单元的填充因子可达到26.8%。后仿真结果表明,该TAC在120 ns的FSR内具有230 ps的定时分辨率,微分非线性(DNL)低于0.05 LSB,积分非线性(INL)低于1.1 LSB。蒙特卡洛仿真表明,512个TAC像素间的不均匀性低于0.5 %。该TAC非常适用于高密度时间相关的单光子计数(TCSPC)探测器阵列。     

Joint estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB system using a successive propagator method

Impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) ranging and positioning require accurate estimation of time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA). With receiver of two antennas, both of the TOA and DOA parameters can be estimated via two-dimensional (2D) propagator method (PM), in which the 2D spectral peak searching, however, renders much higher computational complexity. This paper proposes a successive PM algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation in IR-UWB system to avoid 2D spectral peak searching. The proposed algorithm firstly gets the initial TOA estimates in the two antennas from the propagation matrix, then utilises successively one-dimensional (1D) local searches to achieve the estimation of TOAs in the two antennas, and finally obtains the DOA estimates via the difference in the TOAs between the two antennas. The proposed algorithm, which only requires 1D local searches, can avoid the high computational cost in 2D-PM algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can obtain automatically paired parameters and has better joint TOA and DOA estimation performance than conventional PM algorithm, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm and matrix pencil algorithm. Meanwhile, it has very close parameter estimation to that of 2D-PM algorithm. We have also derived the mean square error of TOA and DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer-Rao bound of TOA and DOA estimation in this paper. The simulation results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

多孔硅发光机制的分析

从量子力学的基本理论出发讨论了量子限制效应，推导出多孔硅有效禁带宽度增量并用量子限制效应和表面态及其物质在发光中作用的理论解释了ＰＳ光致发光的实验现象。     

一种基于分段CRC的LDPC译码的改进算法

级联多个循环冗余校验(CRC)的LDPC译码算法有效地改善了译码的收敛特性。然而在其译码算法中,当CRC检测的整体漏检概率不够低时,出现误码平台。因此,该文提出了改进算法,通过减少在译码算法中CRC检测的次数,降低整体漏检概率,提高了误码性能。仿真表明改进的算法提高了误码性能,译码复杂度也增加不大。