薄板数控激光切割工艺特点及设备

数控激光切割具有切割速度快、精度高、热变形小等特点,能够有效提高切割精度和钣金质量,特别适合于各类黑色金属薄板、不锈钢及有色金属薄板的切割及穿孔加工.目前市场上常见的数控激光切割机床根据其激光发生器和结构的不同可分为多种类型,对数控切割工艺和主要数控切割机床进行简要介绍.     

加气混凝土裂纹及损伤的防治

裂纹及损伤是加气混凝土生产中经常出现的缺陷，文章从生产实际人手，分析了各种裂纹的特点和形成原因，针对地面翻转切割工艺，提出了解决方法。     

坯体切割时产生裂纹的原因及防治办法

南通市华厦硅酸盐建筑制品有限公司原采用手工切割工艺，后选用常州天元仿伊通切割机进行了技术改造，但翻转采用地面翻转形式，改造后取得了较为理想的结果，本文即为在改造后调整生产的体会。     

年产5万m^3粉煤灰加气混凝土生产线的设计

本文介绍徐州加气混凝土厂的工艺设计、该设计的工艺布置为Ｌ型，系石膏、石灰、粉煤灰加气混凝土生产线，年产粉煤灰加气混凝土砌块５万ｍ＾３，年利用粉煤灰２．５万ｔ，采用电脑配料系统，定点浇注采用纵向模具行进，行车采用５ｔ＋５ｔ的双钩行车，切割采用预埋式切割机，选用４－１６锅炉等先进工艺技术和设备。投产后，产品质量符合ＧＢ１１９６８－８９《加气混凝土砌块》产品质量标准。     

浅谈翻转式切割机的设计与制造（续）

作者以多年从事加气混凝土切割机设计和制造的经验体会，从切割机的发展历史，设计的指导思想，加工制造以及安装的要求等方面，论述了地面翻转式切割机的性能和保证及提高切割精度的措施，为切割机制造企业和广大用户提供了宝贵的第一手资料。     

浅谈翻转式切割机的设计与制造

作者以多年从事加气混凝土切割机设计和制造的经验体会，从切割机的发展历史，设计的指导思想，加工制造以及安装的要求等方面，论述了地面翻转式切割机的性能和保证及提高切割精度的措施，为切割机制造企业和广大用户提供了宝贵的第一手资料。     

国产装备促进加气混凝土企业技术经济指标提升

经30余年的生产实践,切割机的不断完善和工艺生产技术的不断改进,使我国加气混凝土生产装备国产化水平有了很大的提高,并向国际水平逐步靠拢。生产加气混凝土的6m地面翻转切割机年切割量已超过20万m3,最高已达到30万m3/年,4.2m×1.5m切割机已达到15万m3/年,空翻式切割机的切割能力亦已超过12万m3/年,获得了较好的技术经济效益。本文介绍浙江某加气混凝土企业的技术经济指标概况。该企业由私人出资1100万元,聘请技术人员设计,建设了1条全部用国产工艺装备,高质量、高效益,年产12万m3的粉煤灰蒸压加气混凝土生产线。投产1年多来,先后为上海、…     

国产6M-10A翻转切割机改造

国产6M-10A加气混凝土切割机在加气混凝土砌块生产中占有很大比例，我国最初生产加气混凝土砌块厂家中有一半以上都采用该机型，该机型最初设计年切割能力为10万m^3，随着生产厂家对该机型的不断技术改造，现在的切割能力都已突破原切割能力．其中郑州建材实业总公司加气混凝土厂年切割能力已超过30万m^3，而且切割质量也有很大提高。     

新型切割机的设计与实践

切割机是加气混凝土生产的关键设备，其结构形式、运行方式、切割精度、切割周期等在整个生产线中起着至关重要的作用。本文介绍了在保留原地面翻转切割机的原理及一些长处的基础上，吸收了国外先进技术，研制出的性能优良、简单实用、具有技术特色的新型切割机。     

翻转型与伊通型加气混凝土切割技术比较

具体介绍翻转型与伊通型加气混凝土切割技术的模具参数、生产能力、工艺设备配置及各自的技术特点。这2种技术都很成熟,都可生产优质的加气混凝土砌块和板材。采用伊通切割技术必须配置掰分机,而且产生硬废料需要增设堆场并加以处理。同样规模生产线,采用伊通切割技术投资略高于翻转切割技术。     

竹基纤维复合材料的抗弯性能和抗剪切性能

选取冷、热压工艺,制得相应的竹基纤维复合材料,使其密度均维持在0.85~1.20g/cm³,对制得的材料展开性能检验,明确其物理力学性能表现。结果表明,两种工艺均有可行性,所得竹基纤维复合材料质量较好。冷压工艺所得产品在耐水性方面有良好表现,而热压工艺所得产品有更好的抗弯及抗剪性能。     

数字化制造技术在工厂中的应用

数字化制造是对产品信息、工艺信息和资源信息进行分析、规划和重组,实现对产品设计和功能的仿真以及原型制造的技术。文章以宁夏某机床数字化制造工厂为例,简要介绍数字化制造的必要因素,以及数字化制造较之传统制造业的优势。     

玻璃钢缠绕制品CAD/CAM系统

玻璃钢(FRP)缠绕(FW)制品具有比强度高，比刚度大等良好的性能，广泛应用于石油、化工、航空、航天等行业。玻璃钢缠绕制品CAD／CAM系统是一个FRP FW制品设计与生产的集成系统，它实现了FRP FW制品从原材料选择到最终控制缠绕机生产的全过程的一体化，大大提高了FRP FW新产品的质量和开发效率。本文介绍了系统的基本功能和结构。     

Activated sludge model (ASM) based modelling of membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes: A critical review with special regard to MBR specificities

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been increasingly employed for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment in the last decade. The efforts for modelling of such wastewater treatment systems have always targeted either the biological processes (treatment quality target) as well as the various aspects of engineering (cost effective design and operation). The development of Activated Sludge Models (ASM) was an important evolution in the modelling of Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS) processes and their use is now very well established. However, although they were initially developed to describe CAS processes, they have simply been transferred and applied to MBR processes. Recent studies on MBR biological processes have reported several crucial specificities: medium to very high sludge retention times, high mixed liquor concentration, accumulation of soluble microbial products (SMP) rejected by the membrane filtration step, and high aeration rates for scouring purposes. These aspects raise the question as to what extent the ASM framework is applicable to MBR processes. Several studies highlighting some of the aforementioned issues are scattered through the literature. Hence, through a concise and structured overview of the past developments and current state-of-the-art in biological modelling of MBR, this review explores ASM-based modelling applied to MBR processes. The work aims to synthesize previous studies and differentiates between unmodified and modified applications of ASM to MBR. Particular emphasis is placed on influent fractionation, biokinetics, and soluble microbial products (SMPs)/exo-polymeric substances (EPS) modelling, and suggestions are put forward as to good modelling practice with regard to MBR modelling both for end-users and academia. A last section highlights shortcomings and future needs for improved biological modelling of MBR processes.     

Investigating the effect of basalt fiber additive on the performance of clay barriers for radioactive waste disposals

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - Radioactive materials are widely used in mining, manufacturing, medicine, and agricultural processes. The waste products from these materials...     

Naproxen removal from water by chlorination and biofilm processes

Naproxen is an anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical that has been detected in natural and engineered aquatic environments. The primary aim of this research was to study chemical transformations of naproxen following chlorine oxidation, which is common in water and wastewater treatment systems. Synthetic waters containing elevated concentrations of naproxen were oxidized by free chlorine at naproxen:chlorine molar ratios of 0.02-3:1 and pH values of 5-9. The formation of naproxen products was dependent on pH, chlorine dosage and contact time. This study demonstrates that naproxen readily reacts with free chlorine and forms disinfection products. The formation of specific reaction products can vary depending on the characteristics of the water or wastewater and treatment operating conditions. More research is needed to identify intermediate and chemical reaction end products and to understand the reaction kinetics of naproxen chlorination for a range of water and wastewater treatment conditions. A secondary aim of this research was to study effects of naproxen and its chlorination products on biofilm processes, which are common in water and wastewater treatment systems and natural aquatic environments. A bioreactor was fed a naproxen solution and then fed a solution at the same naproxen concentration following contact with free chlorine. Results indicate that naproxen was not degraded biologically for the conditions of this study. In contrast, the naproxen solution containing products of chlorination caused an adverse response by discharging biomass from the bioreactor. Results therefore demonstrate that naproxen products of chlorination can adversely affect a biofilm process, which potentially can impact the performance of biofilm processes in natural and engineered aquatic environments. More research is needed to study naproxen chlorination reactions at low concentrations and in complex matrices, and to understand the toxicological relevance of naproxen and its products of chlorination in natural and engineered aquatic environments.     

Radioactivity Monitoring of the Water Cycle following the Chernobyl Accident

D etails are given of the radioactivity monitoring programme following the Chernobyl accident. Measurements of gross beta activity in samples of rainwater, raw water, treated water, waste products from water treatment plants, and sewage sludges, are tabulated.
On a limited sampling regime fallout in the Longdendale water catchment, three months after the accident, was investigated and shown to be mainly absorbed onto grass and soil. Water treatment processes were found to be effective in removing radioactive fallout from raw water, and concentrating it into the waste treatment products. The disposal of these waste products is discussed.     

An ontology-based approach to support decision-making for the design of ETO (Engineer-To-Order) products

Most of the facility projects have Engineer-To-Order (ETO) products. One of the major problems associated with ETO products is their long lead-time. Previous studies show that the long lead-time has more than half of its causes associated directly or indirectly with the design phase, in which many project participants are involved. This paper explores approaches to better support the ETO product design process by improving information sharing among project participants and collaborating information systems.This paper proposes to use ontology as a technical solution to integrate heterogeneous systems. Subsequently, an ontological framework of electrical products for supporting decision-making is developed. The ontology supports the generation, analysis, sharing and reuse of domain knowledge as required by ETO business processes, thus providing information to support many information intensive business processes such as the evaluation of design alternatives. This paper also presents a case study, i.e., the selection of transformers, to demonstrate the use of the ontology. In addition, limitations of the study have also been discussed.     

An ontology-based approach to support decision-making for the design of ETO (Engineer-To-Order) products

Most of the facility projects have Engineer-To-Order (ETO) products. One of the major problems associated with ETO products is their long lead-time. Previous studies show that the long lead-time has more than half of its causes associated directly or indirectly with the design phase, in which many project participants are involved. This paper explores approaches to better support the ETO product design process by improving information sharing among project participants and collaborating information systems.

This paper proposes to use ontology as a technical solution to integrate heterogeneous systems. Subsequently, an ontological framework of electrical products for supporting decision-making is developed. The ontology supports the generation, analysis, sharing and reuse of domain knowledge as required by ETO business processes, thus providing information to support many information intensive business processes such as the evaluation of design alternatives. This paper also presents a case study, i.e., the selection of transformers, to demonstrate the use of the ontology. In addition, limitations of the study have also been discussed.