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文章介绍了盐的存在对高吸水树脂吸水性能的影响,重点论述了提高高吸水树脂耐盐性、吸水速度和吸水后水凝胶强度的技术方案。 相似文献
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以丙烯酸为单体,海藻酸钠为接枝物,添加丙烯酰胺,通过溶液聚合法制备复合型耐盐高吸水性树脂。研究了聚丙烯酸-海藻酸钠高吸水树脂的吸水性能。结果表明,在蒸馏水、生理盐水中吸水倍率分别达到830 g/g、81 g/g。天然高分子海藻酸钠具有很好的耐盐性,海藻酸钠的加入,提高了高吸水性复合材料的耐盐性。 相似文献
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由于具有优良的吸水和保水性,高吸水性树脂是近年来研究较热的新型功能材料,特别是丙烯酸系列。聚丙烯酸系高吸水性树脂具有较好的性能,但是其它性能如耐盐性能、吸水速率和凝胶强度等并不令人满意,需要对其进行改性处理。本文从共聚改性、树脂与无机物的复合、树脂"核-壳"结构设计、互穿网络技术应用等方面对高吸水性树脂就其在提高耐盐性、吸水性能以及功能化方面的改性研究进展进行了综述。 相似文献
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以凹凸棒黏土(APT)和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为原料,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,采用微波辐射法接枝共聚合成了APT-g-PAMPS耐盐性复合高吸水性树脂,用FTIR和XRD对复合吸水性树脂的结构进行了表征。考察了微波功率和时间及APT用量对树脂吸水倍率的影响,测定了不同APT用量高吸水性树脂的吸水速率、保水性能及反复吸水性能。FTIR和XRD结果显示,APT和有机单体之间发生了接枝共聚反应,其反应仅在APT的表面进行,单体并没有插入到APT的层间。结果表明,微波功率为195 W,辐射时间为2.5 min,w(APT)=5%时,树脂在去离子水和生理盐水中的吸水倍率分别为987g/g和102 g/g。该复合高吸水性树脂具有较快的吸水速率、较强的保水性能和较好的反复吸水性能。在体系中引入适量APT能够显著提高复合吸水树脂的吸水能力和耐盐性能,同时能明显加快树脂的吸水速率和提高树脂的保水性能。 相似文献
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《广东化工》2020,(13)
以聚乙烯醇(PVA)、丙烯酸(AA)和羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)为原料,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,采用超声辐射法合成了PVA/PAA/CMC高吸水树脂,利用FTIR对树脂进行了表征。考察了PVA、CMC、MBA、KPS用量和中和度对高吸水树脂吸水倍率的影响,研究了树脂在去离子水、不同盐溶液和pH溶液的吸水速率。实验结果表明:PVA、CMC和AA之间发生了共聚反应,在实验最优合成条件下,制备的高吸水树脂对去离子水和生理盐水的吸水倍率分别为835 g/g和86 g/g。适量引入PVA和CMC可以显著提高树脂的吸水倍率以及改善树脂的耐盐性能,树脂具有较高的吸水速率。 相似文献
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多孔高吸水性树脂孔结构的图像分析法 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文探索了一种对多孔高吸水性树脂的孔结构进行定量表征的研究方法。采用Image J图象处理软件,将多孔高吸水性树脂的SEM照片转换为二值图后,利用软件的图形处理与计算功能,结合体视学的原理,得到多孔高吸水性树脂的孔结构参数。根据差分盒维数的思想,结合MATLAB编程计算,对二值图处理后得到图象的分形维数,用以表征结构复杂的多孔高吸水性树脂孔结构的规整性。通过所建立的表征方法,对不同预溶胀时间下通过冷冻诱导相分离法制备的多孔高吸水性树脂的结构的变化规律进行了讨论。 相似文献
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介绍了高吸水性树脂的国内外发展情况及广阔的应用领域。对其种类及性能进行了论述。结合市场潜力与生产成本的分析,对高吸水性树脂的发展前景作了展望。 相似文献
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Nasrin Moini Mohammad J. Zohuriaan-Mehr 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2016,55(3):278-290
To improve gel toughness, surface cross-linking of partiallyneutralized acrylic acid based superabsorbent polymers (superabsorbent polymers, prepared by solution polymerization) was performed by diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether. Considering effective factors (treatment solution, surface cross-linker content, post-treatment temperature, and duration), a two-step surface modification procedure was performed on dried superabsorbent polymers particles. Attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has proved chemical cross-linking reaction. Mechanical properties have also been investigated. Besides, the modified rubber elasticity theory and Flory–Rehner equations have been used to investigate how they work in core–shell-like structure. The optimum condition provides at least a 100% raise in gel strength and appropriate absorbency. 相似文献
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实验采用乳液聚合法合成了一系列单体组成和吸水倍率不同的高吸水树脂。选取部分吸水树脂与苯乙烯、表面活性剂组成聚合体系,用过氧化苯甲酰引发进行原位共混聚合,制备了遇水崩解型聚苯乙烯。同时,考察了吸水树脂的种类、添加量、吸水倍率和聚苯乙烯的摩尔质量对材料崩解性的影响。研究发现:吸水树脂添加量越大,吸水倍率越高,聚苯乙烯摩尔质量越小,越有利于材料的崩解。当吸水树脂中含有强亲水性基团时,虽然其吸水倍率没有显著提高,但却能明显改善共混物的崩解性。 相似文献
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Kappa-carrageenan (κC) was modified via graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AAm) using γ-irradiation and followed by alkaline hydrolysis to
achieve a novel superabsorbent hydrogel. The effect of grafting variables and alkaline hydrolysis conditions such as κC/AAm compositions and irradiation doses, NaOH concentration, hydrolysis time and temperature were systematically optimized
to achieve a hydrogel with swelling capacity as high as possible. Swelling properties and FT-IR of untreated κC-g-PAAm and hydrolyzed κC-g-PAAm (H-κC-g-PAAm) were determined. The swelling capacity of hydrolyzed κC-g-PAAm was about 10 times in distilled water and three times in NaCl solution higher than that for κC-g-PAAm. The swelling of superabsorbing hydrogels was examined in buffer solutions. The swelling capacity of hydrogels was
also measured in various salt solutions (LiCl, NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and FeCl3). Results indicated that the swelling ratios decreased with an increase in the ion radius, valence and ionic strength of
the salt solutions. Due to their high swelling ability in salt solutions, the hydrogels may be referred to as ‘anti-salt superabsorbent’
polymers. Thus, the salinity of water treated with H-κC-g-PAAm hydrogels was determined. It was found that the H-κC-g-PAAm hydrogels have a capability to absorb and retain the fresh water from the saline solution. The results obtained suggested
the possible used of such prepared superabsorbent in agricultural purposes as a material for sodic soil remediation. 相似文献
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Microwave‐assisted polymerization was used as a promising technique to synthesize superabsorbent polymers. A small amount of thermal initiator was used to initiate the reaction, and the polymer's properties were evaluated at acid levels of 31–50% and degrees of neutralization of 68–75 mol %. The polymers were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, and properties such as the capacity and absorbency under a load were measured in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution. In addition, the extractable and residual acrylic acid contents were measured to determine the reaction's efficiency. In conclusion, the synthesis of the superabsorbent polymer via microwave heating reduced the time and cost of production and improved the physical properties of the polymer. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43325. 相似文献