Ti元素对Ti3SiC2在铜基复合材料中的分解抑制研究

三元层状Ti₃SiC₂陶瓷是一种新型的陶瓷材料，具有密度低、熔点高等特点，作为增强相可以明显改善Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能。然而，在烧结过程中Ti₃SiC₂发生分解，导致复合材料组织与性能发生改变。为了抑制Ti₃SiC₂的分解，提高复合材料性能，对Ti₃SiC₂颗粒表面进行多弧离子镀Ti改性，制备了界面性能优良，Ti₃SiC₂颗粒未分解的复合材料。研究了Ti₃SiC₂在复合材料的分解和Ti元素对其分解的抑制机理，分析了不同含量Ti₃SiC₂的复合材料的组织演化。结果表明，对Ti₃SiC₂表面进行镀覆Ti元素可以有效抑制Ti₃SiC₂     

微波烧结制备MAX相–金刚石复合材料

采用三元层状导电可加工陶瓷M_n+1AX_n（简称MAX相）材料粉体和金刚石粉体为原料,通过微波烧结制备以MAX相为结合剂的金刚石复合材料,研究MAX相的种类与金刚石含量对该复合材料的物相组成与显微形貌的影响。通过高温微波烧结MAX相-金刚石复合材料,金刚石表面会形成不同的涂层组织。MAX相的种类与金刚石含量对复合材料中基体组成和金刚石的表面涂层状态有显著影响。实验结果表明:在Ti₂SnC-金刚石复合材料中,烧结后Ti₂SnC会发生严重的分解,分解生成Sn与TiC,在含量较低时,表面仍然光滑,金刚石表面黏附少量富锡圆形组织;当金刚石含量较高时,金刚石表面形成许多细小TiC颗粒。在Ti₃AlC₂-金刚石复合材料中,Ti₃AlC₂分解后生成Al与TiC,金刚石的表面受到明显的侵蚀,同时在表面形成Al₄C₃和Al₂O₃二元组织。对于Ti₃SiC₂-金刚石反应体系,基体主相均为Ti₃SiC₂。当金刚石质量分数为10%时,同时还含有少量Si、TiSi₂和SiC;当金刚石质量分数为20%时,基体中还含有少量TiC,金刚石表面形成了SiC和TiSi₂二元涂层组织。      

Ti3SiC2含量对Q235B钢表面激光熔覆Fe基耐磨涂层性能的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在Q235B钢表面制备了不同Ti₃SiC₂含量的Fe55/Ti₃SiC₂复合涂层,并利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、硬度仪、摩擦磨损机和电化学工作站等研究了涂层的显微组织、物相及综合性能。结果表明:由于Ti₃SiC₂的加入及其在高温下分解降低了熔池的换热特性等综合因素,导致Fe55/Ti₃SiC₂复合涂层的晶粒粗化;随着Ti₃SiC₂的添加,Fe55/Ti₃SiC₂复合涂层中形成了Cr₇C₃、SiC、CrC和TiSi等硬质相,组织变得粗大,并且α-Fe相的尺寸粗大及含量增加,而复合涂层中产生的硬质相不足以抵消晶粒粗化以及α-Fe硬度较小而发生软化所降低的硬度,综合导致了复合涂层的硬度下降。Fe55/Ti₃SiC₂复合涂层中形成的金属硅化物TiSi具有良好的抗氧化性能,减小了氧化磨损中因氧化膜脆性和疏松产生的加剧磨损,因此,足以抵消因硬度降低以及摩擦系数增大的影响,使得Ti₃SiC₂添加量为2%的涂层具有最高的耐磨性。     

烧结温度对WC-Co-Ti3SiC2硬质合金微观组织与力学性能的影响

以掺杂3.0%Ti₃SiC₂(质量分数)的WC-Co-Ti₃SiC₂硬质合金为对象,研究了烧结温度(1350～1470℃)对WC-Co-Ti₃SiC₂硬质合金中的Ti₃SiC₂分解产物和比例、微观组织及力学性能的影响规律与机制。结果表明：烧结温度的升高促进了WC-Co-Ti₃Si C₂硬质合金中Ti₃Si C₂的分解以及(W,Ti)C和WSi₂相的生成,同时导致WC晶粒尺寸逐渐增大。硬质合金的硬度随烧结温度的升高呈现出先增大后降低的趋势,而断裂韧性则逐渐下降。当烧结温度为1410℃时,WC-Co-Ti₃Si C₂硬质合金的致密性最佳(孔隙率仅为0.47%),其力学性能也较为优异,硬度与断裂韧性分别为20 348.328 MPa和10.15 MPa·m^1...     

不同结合剂原料放电等离子烧结制备TiC/Ti3SiC2复合结合剂金刚石复合材料

分别以Ti/Si/2TiC混合粉体和Ti₃SiC₂单相粉体作为结合剂原料,采用放电等离子体烧结技术合成了TiC/Ti₃SiC₂结合剂金刚石复合材料,探讨不同的结合剂原料和保温时间对TiC/Ti₃SiC₂结合剂金刚石复合材料的物相构成、微观形貌以及磨削性能的影响。结果表明:采用Ti/Si/2TiC为结合剂原料,保温1 min时,会形成较多量的Ti₃SiC₂,Ti₃SiC₂基体与金刚石结合良好,二者之间没有孔隙;当保温5 min时,Ti₃SiC₂发生分解,基体主相转变为TiC,同时有一定量的Si,金刚石表面被侵蚀,形成凹凸不平的表面。采用Ti₃SiC₂为结合剂原料时,Ti₃SiC₂基体发生严重的分解,生成TiC和Si;金刚石与基体间存在一个过渡层,厚度约15 μm。Ti/Si/2TiC为结合剂原料保温1 min时试样的磨耗比值最大,为1 128。单相Ti₃SiC₂为结合剂的2个试样的磨耗比值约为100左右。      

TIG熔敷Ti-Si-C系统在Ti-5Al-2.5Sn表面形成陶瓷涂层的化学反应分析

采用TIG热源在钛合金表面堆焊Ti-SiC和Ti-SiC-C两种体系的粉末,形成表面陶瓷涂层.利用SEM和XRD等分析手段对两种配方陶瓷涂层的微观组织和物相进行了分析,用热力学方法计算了两种系统中各种可能发生的化学反应的Gibbs自由能变化.结果表明,Ti-SiC系统熔敷层的微观组织主要由树枝状的TiC、针棒状和菊花状的Ti₅Si₃相组成,其反应机理为:8Ti+3SiC→3TiC+Ti₅Si₃.Ti-SiC-C系统熔敷层的微观组织除了树枝状的TiC相之外,还有TiSi₂和Ti₃SiC₂,其反应机理为:6Ti+3SiC+C→Ti₃SiC₂+TiSi₂+2TiC.通过对两种系统的微观组织及化学反应分析可得出,在Ti-SiC系统中适当的添加石墨,可生成具有自润滑性能的Ti₃SiC₂相,避免Ti₅Si₃脆性相的生成.     

Ti6Al4V合金激光熔覆Co-Ti3SiC2复合涂层的组织和摩擦学性能

为改善Ti6Al4V合金的摩擦学性能,分别用纯Co、Co-2%Ti₃SiC₂、Co-5%Ti₃SiC₂、Co-8%Ti₃SiC₂混合粉末为原料,在Ti6Al4V合金表面激光熔覆制备复合涂层,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及摩擦磨损试验机分析物相组成、显微组织结构以及在常温下的摩擦学性能。结果表明:所有复合涂层与基体结合良好,伴有少部分微孔。纯Co涂层的主要物相为γ-Co、CoTi、CoTi₂等,而Co-Ti₃SiC₂涂层物相包括γ-Co、CoTi、CoTi₂、TiC、Ti₅Si₃和残留的Ti₃SiC₂。涂层的硬度相对基体提高了1.90~2.15倍,而耐磨性能相应提高了3.02~5.44倍。     

粉末电爆喷涂方法制备Ti3SiC2涂层

在自制的连续送粉电爆喷涂设备上,以Ti₃SiC₂粉末为电爆喷涂材料制备了Ti₃SiC₂涂层。根据所制备涂层的表面形貌和截面特征,分析了充电电压、粉末粒径、石墨掺入量对电爆喷涂过程的影响。结果表明,粉末粒径为28 μm,充电电压高于15 kV、掺入的石墨粉为10%时,涂层沉积率较高,均匀性较好。XRD分析表明,涂层由TiC与Ti₃SiC₂组成。采用胶结对偶试样拉伸试验法测定的涂层结合强度大于37 MPa。分析认为,掺和石墨粉可提高电爆时粉末的导电性,减少粉末粒子外边缘的沿面放电,使粉末获得更加充分的加热,有利于涂层的形成。     

Ni-Al辅助微波自蔓延烧结制备Ti3SiC2基金刚石复合材料工艺研究

为降低金刚石磨削工具的制造成本和能耗,探寻一种在低能耗下实现高性能陶瓷结合剂金刚石磨具的制备工艺,同时研究助燃剂Si和金刚石粒度等因素对样品物相组成、显微形貌和磨削性能的影响。采用Ti、Si、石墨粉和金刚石磨料作为原料,经冷压成型至生胚,通过Ni-Al辅助在微波场加热诱发Ti-Si-C体系发生自蔓延高温合成(SHS)反应以制备Ti₃SiC₂基金刚石复合材料。结果表明,高热值Ni-Al合金辅助可以缩短样品的烧结时间,还可以将诱发SHS反应的温度点控制在金刚石石墨化温度以下。在Ar保护气氛下,Ti-Si-C体系发生SHS反应,可生成Ti₃SiC₂、TiC和Ti₅Si₃等3种物相。随Si含量升高,Ti₃SiC₂相先增多后减少,当n (Ti):n (Si):n (C)=3∶1.1∶2时,复合材料的磨削性能最佳,磨耗比最高可达286.53。分析不同原料配比下的试样磨耗比差异的产生机制,认为基体组织中存在微小且分布均匀的气孔...     

Ti基块体非晶合金在酸性溶液中的腐蚀行为（英文）

研究Ti_34.3Zr_31.5Cu₅Ni_5.5Be_23.7块体非晶合金在不同浓度HCl和H₂SO₄溶液中的腐蚀行为。电化学测试与扫描电子显微镜分析发现,在极化过程中,Cl^-离子在HCl溶液中引发点蚀损伤,点蚀电位随溶液浓度的增大而降低,被腐蚀表面的损伤程度则与溶液浓度呈正相关。在H₂SO₄溶液中材料表面形成钝化膜,表现出良好的耐蚀性。X射线光电子能谱分析发现,随着HCl溶液浓度的增加,钝化膜的稳定性降低。通过浸泡实验得到4种材料的腐蚀速率。结果显示,Ti_34.3Zr_31.5Cu₅Ni_5.5Be_23.7块体非晶合金在HCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能最好,其腐蚀速率为7.22×10^-3 mm/a,约为316L不锈钢腐蚀速率的1/1294。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.