船舶宏观负泊松比蜂窝夹芯隔振器优化设计

对新型宏观负泊松比蜂窝夹芯船舶隔振器形状及尺寸设计方法进行研究,探讨蜂窝形状参数及壁厚对整体隔振性能影响。建立负泊松比蜂窝夹芯隔振器动力学分析有限元模型,给出蜂窝胞元壁厚、胞元宽度尺寸、胞元高度尺寸对隔振器结构应力、固有频率、底部振级及振级落差影响曲线;建立以蜂窝胞元壁厚、胞元宽度尺寸、胞元高度尺寸为设计变量的蜂窝夹芯隔振器动力学优化模型。结果证明了形状参数影响曲线的有效性,可为负泊松比蜂窝隔振器设计提供指导。     

倾斜荷载下内凹三角形负泊松比材料的面内冲击动力学性能

倾斜荷载在汽车碰撞事故中无法避免,严重影响多胞材料的力学响应。以内凹三角形负泊松比材料为研究对象,通过显式动力有限元软件LS-DYNA具体分析了冲击倾角(0°~10°)与冲击速度(20~70 m/s)对内凹三角形负泊松比材料面内冲击的变形模态和动力响应的影响,并构造了完整的变形模式分类图。引入最佳承载角的概念,当冲击倾角β=4°时,诱发了稳定有序的变形模式,使得抵抗变形的形式主要以结构胞壁的压缩与弯曲为主,平台应力值与吸能值得到了较大的提升,进一步发挥了结构的抗承载能力,甚至超过了理想的轴向冲击工况。这一特征与六边形蜂窝结构有所不同,对汽车吸能构件的设计具有重要的指导意义。     

星形节点周期性蜂窝结构的面内动力学响应特性研究

利用显式动力有限元法数值研究了冲击载荷下星形节点周期性蜂窝结构的面内冲击动力学响应特性。在保证各胞元壁长不变的前提下,通过改变胞壁厚度、内凹箭头节点间夹角和韧带长度等微结构参数,首先建立了星形节点周期性蜂窝结构的有限元模型。在此基础上,讨论了冲击速度和微结构参数对星形蜂窝材料的宏/微观变形、密实应变和动态冲击强度的影响。结果表明,由于胞壁受膜力和弯矩的耦合作用,在中、低速冲击载荷下,试件表现出负泊松比材料在轴向压缩时的"颈缩"现象。基于能量效率法和一维冲击波理论,给出了星形蜂窝结构密实应变和动态平台应力的经验公式,以预测多胞材料的动态承载能力。该研究将为拉胀多胞材料冲击动力学性能的多目标优化设计提供新的设计思路。     

复杂应力状态下尼龙66力学性能研究

为了得到尼龙66试样在压缩以及复合压剪加载条件下的力学响应,采用国产三思万能试验机,并引入了2个带有双斜截面的金属垫块以及1个聚四氟乙烯套筒的特殊加载装置,对尼龙66试样进行复合压剪试验。此外,金属垫块的斜截面被加工成不同的倾斜角度θ(15°、30°、45°、50°和60°),通过调整角度获得了试样在不同压剪应力状态下的力学响应,并通过分析复合压剪加载时其受力情况得到其屈服行为。实验表明:尼龙试样的力学性能对剪切敏感并且随着剪切组分的增加而弱化,尼龙屈服行为与静水压具有相关性;同时验证了引入双斜面金属垫块的实验方式是一种能有效研究材料失效行为的测试方法。     

纸芯数量对蜂窝纸压溃强度的影响

在蜂窝纸压溃的相关理论分析的基础上,在有限元软件MARC中创建了4个代表性的模型;以屈曲理论和准静态分析为基础,完成了轴向载荷的非线性压溃过程分析。在有限元分析时,将该过程分为4个过程,即线弹性、弹塑性、塑性坍塌和密实化过程。结果表明:在纸芯数量较少的情况下,随着纸芯数量的增加,等效应力和剪应力不断提高。压溃过程通过实验得到了初步验证。     

嵌锁式碳纤维/树脂基复合材料方形蜂窝夹芯结构的力学性能及损伤失效

设计并采用嵌锁组装工艺制备了碳纤维/树脂基复合材料方形蜂窝夹芯结构,开展了面外平压性能和三点弯曲性能试验研究,获得了夹芯结构在平压载荷作用下的破坏模式,分析了其损伤失效机制及吸能特性,讨论了在三点弯曲载荷作用下面板质量非对称性和槽口方向对夹芯梁的破坏模式及承载能力的影响.研究结果表明嵌锁式碳纤维/树脂基复合材料方形蜂窝...     

蜂窝芯横向面内压缩平台应力研究

目的考虑到蜂窝芯斜向孔壁发生折叠的能量耗散机制,建立基于孔壁折叠的平台应力表达式。方法首先从理论上分析蜂窝芯变形单元水平固定塑性铰的能量耗散情况,然后对不同厚跨比条件下的蜂窝纸芯进行横向面内压缩试验,得到平台应力,最后将试验结果与Gibson&Ashby模型以及文中模型进行对比。结果蜂窝胞壁厚度与蜂窝胞元边长之比对平台应力有一定的影响,蜂窝芯面内压缩平台应力与胞壁厚度和蜂窝胞元边长之比的平方呈正比关系。由对比结果可知,文中模型理论值与平台应力试验值更加吻合。结论揭示了蜂窝芯横向面内压缩的能量耗散机制,平台应力表达式可用于多种材料的双壁厚蜂窝面内压缩力学性能的评估,具有一定的普适性。     

星型拉胀蜂窝材料在压剪复合加载下的力学特性研究EI北大核心CSCD

拉胀蜂窝材料由于其良好的力学特性以及稳定的吸能特性,广泛地应用于各类防护结构。该文针对星型拉胀在压剪复合加载下的力学特性开展了研究工作。基于有限元技术建立星型拉胀蜂窝材料的数值模型,并基于增材制造技术和万能试验机开展验证试验,开展了星型拉胀蜂窝材料在不同压剪复合加载角度和速度下的仿真研究,对星型拉胀蜂窝材料在各个加载工况下的力学特性与变形模式开展研究,结果表明,星型拉胀蜂窝材料在准静态复合加载下依托胞元旋转发生整体变形,并产生倾斜变形带压溃,随着加载速度提升,由于惯性效应的增强,细观结构间的挤压变形更加充分,材料变形模式由整体变形向局部变形转变,形成冲击波。基于椭圆方程对星型拉胀蜂窝材料初始屈服应力进行拟合,建立星型拉胀蜂窝材料的准静态/动态屈服面,随着速度的提高,屈服面呈现出明显强化;最后通过对星型拉胀蜂窝材料的吸能特性研究表明,随着加载角度的增大,材料法向和切向总吸能分别呈现出下降和提高的趋势,且切向吸能特性对角度的改变相对法向方向更加敏感。     

蜂窝金属夹芯板重复冲击动态响应研究

蜂窝金属及其夹芯结构是一种物理功能与结构一体化的新型轻质高强结构,广泛应用于结构轻量化与碰撞冲击防护领域。采用ABAQUS非线性有限元软件建立了蜂窝金属夹芯板(honeycomb sandwich panel,HSP)结构动态冲击数值仿真模型,数值仿真计算结果与文献实验结果吻合较好,验证了数值仿真模型的正确性。在此基础上,开展了重复冲击载荷作用下蜂窝金属夹芯板结构动态响应研究,得到了重复冲击力时程曲线、动态变形时程曲线、冲击力位移曲线以及最终挠度,分析了冲击能量、蜂窝壁厚以及上、下面板厚度分配对蜂窝金属夹芯板结构重复冲击动态响应的影响规律。研究结果表明,重复冲击载荷作用下蜂窝金属夹芯板结构上、下面板弯曲变形以及蜂窝芯层压缩变形逐渐积累,蜂窝芯层薄壁结构逐渐达到密实化,结构抗弯刚度逐渐上升,变形增量逐渐减小,结构整体能量吸收率下降。通过调节蜂窝壁厚和上、下面板厚度分配可以显著调节蜂窝金属夹芯板结构重复冲击动态响应与能量吸收性能。     

铝蜂窝夹层板低速冲击响应及损伤模式的参数化影响

以铝蜂窝夹层板为对象，通过低速落锤试验及包含面板、胶层及蜂窝的细节仿真模型，探究了蜂窝胞元直径、蜂窝壁厚、面板厚度及冲头半径参数影响下低速冲击响应曲线及损伤模式的变化情况，确定在试验工况下的3种损伤模式：芯层屈曲、芯层剪切及夹层板穿透，其中芯层剪切模式具有更好的吸能分布。结果表明：蜂窝胞元直径与蜂窝壁厚对冲击响应与损伤模式具有类似的影响，面板厚度增加可以较大程度地提升抗冲击性能，冲头半径的大小会显著影响损伤模式。在此基础上建立与上述参数相关的损伤模式极限载荷公式，绘制相应的损伤模式图，为铝蜂窝夹层板的抗冲击设计提供参考。     

The effects of foam filling on compressive response of hexagonal cell aluminum honeycombs under axial loading-experimental study

In this paper the effects of foam filling of honeycomb panels on their plastic behavior and mechanical properties are studied experimentally. Five types of Al 5052-H39 honeycombs in bare and foam filled conditions are subjected to quasi-static axial compressive loading. The panels are selected so that the effects of parameters such as the cell size, the cell walls thickness and the panel thickness on the mean crushing strength, energy absorption capacity and the wavelength of the folds could be investigated. Tests show that foam filling of panels increases their mean crushing strength and energy absorption capacity up to 300% and the less the honeycomb density the greater the effect of foam filling. Furthermore, mean crushing strength of foam filled panels is larger than the sum of the mean crushing strengths of bare honeycomb and foam alone. The wavelength of folds and densification strain in foam filled panels are smaller than those of bare honeycombs. These tests also showed that unlike the theoretic formula the panel thickness influences the mean crushing strength of honeycomb.     

Experimental study of the out-of-plane dynamic compression of hexagonal honeycombs

The out-of-plane crushing behaviour of four types of aluminium hexagonal honeycombs was extensively investigated over a wide range of strain rates where each test was conducted at a constant compressive velocity. The effects of specimen dimensions, relative density, strain rate and honeycomb cell size on the mechanical properties of honeycombs were studied. It was demonstrated that the mean plateau force was linearly related to the specimen dimensions. However, the calculated plateau stress varied with specimen dimensions and a minimum of 9 × 9 cells should be used in order to represent the bulk properties of honeycombs. A large strength enhancement of honeycombs was observed when the relative density and strain rate increased. The tangent modulus also increased towards the end of the crushing process, especially for those honeycombs with small values of wall thickness to edge length ratio (t/l). Semi-empirical relations were obtained to describe the effects of relative density (t/l ratio) and strain rate on the plateau stress. The difference in deformation patterns for honeycombs between quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions was also discussed.     

The inplane orthotropic couple-stress elasticity constants of elliptical cell honeycombs

The macroscopic mechanical behavior of elliptical cell honeycombs are characterized using couple-stress elasticity theory. General expressions for the couple-stress elastic constants are obtained through a combination of non-dimensional analysis and numerical analysis. The expressions for the six in-plane orthotropic couple-stress compliances are derived in terms of the honeycomb cell size, cell wall thickness, cell ellipticity and the linear elastic properties of the cell wall material. The derived expressions are validated through numerical analyses.     

Flexible cellular solid spokes of a non-pneumatic tire

Non-pneumatic tires (NPTs) have been introduced with a compliant cellular solid spoke component which functions as the air of the pneumatic tire. In this paper, hexagonal honeycomb spokes for a high fatigue resistance design are investigated by seeking compliant hexagonal structures that have low local stresses under macroscopic uni-axial loading. Using the honeycomb mechanics, two cases of hexagonal honeycombs are designed: (i) the same cell wall thickness and (ii) the same load carrying capacity. The elastic limits of the hexagonal honeycombs are obtained from the ABAQUS finite element code considering the geometric nonlinearity of a cellular structure associated with the cell wall buckling and bending. The compliant cellular structures having low local stress values are applied to the honeycomb spokes of an NPT for the structural validation and the local stresses of the honeycomb spokes are investigated under the same vertical loading conditions. Hexagonal honeycombs with a highly positive cell angle have low local stresses and low mass under the same vertical load carrying capability; the Type C honeycomb spokes in this study.     

工字梁型蜂窝芯材共面冲击性能的有限元模拟

目的研究双壁厚工字梁型金属蜂窝芯材的共面冲击性能。方法借助有限元软件Ansys/LSDYNA,建立工字梁型蜂窝芯材的有限元模型,并进行CAE分析。结果在不同冲击速度下,工字梁型蜂窝芯材表现出不同的变形模式。当工字梁型金属蜂窝芯材的其他结构参数固定时,其共面动态峰应力与冲击速度的平方成线性关系;当冲击速度一定时,其共面动态峰应力与壁厚边长比成幂指数关系。同时,拟合得到了工字梁型金属蜂窝芯材共面动态峰应力关于壁厚边长比和冲击速度的经验计算公式。结论工字梁型蜂窝具有优良的结构和吸能能力,研究工字梁型蜂窝的冲击性能具有重要的科学研究和工程应用价值。     

正方形自填充蜂窝结构异面平台应力的研究

目的 为了促进正方形自填充蜂窝的合理使用，研究其异面平台应力随冲击速度、壁厚边长比和自填充级数的变化规律。方法 利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立基于胞元阵列的正方形自填充蜂窝异面冲击分析的有限元模型。对自填充级数为0的正方形蜂窝进行异面压缩试验和相应的仿真分析，证明有限元模型的可靠性。基于简化的超折叠单元理论，建立蜂窝准静态平台应力的理论模型，并证明理论模型的可靠性。结果 正方形自填充蜂窝在大的壁厚边长比和冲击速度下拥有更高的动态平台应力;在自填充级数由0变为1时，动态平台应力增长率最大。结论 在其他因素不变的情况下，正方形自填充蜂窝的异面动态平台应力与冲击速度的平方呈线性关系，与壁厚边长比呈幂指函数关系，其增长率随自填充级数逐级递减。基于数值模拟结果，得到了不同自填充级数下正方形自填充蜂窝异面动态平台应力的经验公式。     

六角形纸蜂窝夹层板能量吸收研究进展

分析了纸蜂窝夹层板动静态压缩试验方法及不同结构参数的纸蜂窝夹层板动静态缓冲吸能特性。试验结果表明,平台应力是蜂窝胞壁厚跨比的幂指数函数。引入压缩密实化应变概念,构建了纸蜂窝材料压缩密实化应变评估方程。将纸蜂窝夹层板压缩应力应变曲线简化为线弹性区、平台区和密实化区,构建了纸蜂窝夹层板能量吸收曲线理论模型。基于纸蜂窝夹层板动静态压缩试验,可构建纸蜂窝夹层板二维能量吸收图,以便更好地袁征纸蜂窝夹层板的缓冲性能,并指出了该研究有待进一步完善之处。     

The effect of honeycomb relative density on its effective in-plane elastic moduli: An experimental study

Honeycombs are discrete materials at the macro-scale level but their mechanical properties need to be calculated as a continuum material in order to simplify their design in engineering applications. The effective mechanical behavior of hexagonal honeycombs was studied by analytical means and correlated with experimental results for aluminum honeycombs. In particular, the effective in-plane elastic moduli of the honeycombs were studied as a function of their relative density. The effect of the bending, shear and axial deformations on various existing beam models was analyzed for both in-plane honeycomb directions. An experimental program was performed with honeycombs of densities ranging from the commercial low-density ones to the solid construction material. It is shown experimentally that the beam models describe well the material response in the direction of the honeycomb double wall. However, it is concluded that the effective elastic moduli for honeycombs with low relative densities are not similar in the two in-plane directions as predicted by previous studies.     

三角形蜂窝在面内冲击荷载下的力学性能

摘要：通过数值计算研究规则排布和交错排布的三角形铝蜂窝在面内冲击荷载下的变形模式、承载能力以及能量吸收特性。结果表明两种蜂窝的变形均随着冲击速度的增加或胞壁厚度的减小而向冲击端集中,规则排布的蜂窝沿着局部变形带逐行压溃直至密实,而交错排布蜂窝的变形模式可分为4种。铝蜂窝吸收的能量绝大部分转化为变形所需的内能,动能所占比重较小。随着冲击速度的提高,两种排布方式的蜂窝均表现出更强的承载能力和能量吸收能力,但内能在总能量中的比重减小,动能比重增加。规则排布的蜂窝比交错排布的蜂窝具有更高的承载力和能量吸收能力,该差别主要是由于二者内能的不同所引起,且该差值在交错排布蜂窝“核区”形成后逐渐减小。