埋地输油管道泄漏污染物地表运移特征

输油管道泄漏受到人们广泛的关注,泄漏污染物地面特征是输油管道泄漏检测技术应用的基础。建立了埋地输油管道泄漏二维模型,模拟埋地输油管道泄漏污染物地表运移过程,研究不同泄漏孔径和位置对埋地输油管道泄漏污染物地表运移特征的影响。结果发现：泄漏初期,污染物所受阻力均匀,向四周均匀迁移,而且迁移速度前期快,后期逐渐减小;泄漏孔径越大、泄漏孔位置越靠近地表,石油污染物到达地表的时间越短,水平最大位移量越大,地表特征越明显。     

输油管道泄漏监测技术的研究

本文对国内外输油管道泄漏检测方法进行了简要分析,并对输油管道防盗监测的方法进行了探讨.针对输油管道防盗监测问题,分析指出了输油管道防盗监测系统的关键技术是管道泄漏检测预警及泄漏点的精点确位.     

埋地输油管道泄漏污染物地表运移特征

输油管道泄漏受到人们广泛的关注,泄漏污染物地面特征是输油管道泄漏检测技术应用的基础。建立了埋地输油管道泄漏二维模型,模拟埋地输油管道泄漏污染物地表运移过程,研究不同泄漏孔径和位置对埋地输油管道泄漏污染物地表运移特征的影响。结果发现:泄漏初期,污染物所受阻力均匀,向四周均匀迁移,而且迁移速度前期快,后期逐渐减小;泄漏孔径越大、泄漏孔位置越靠近地表,石油污染物到达地表的时间越短,水平最大位移量越大,地表特征越明显。     

TLNET在海底输油管道泄漏量计算中的应用

海底输油管道一旦发生泄漏,不容易及时的进行管道维修,其泄漏损失量也很难估算。为了准确的计算海底输油管道发生泄漏时油品的泄漏量,以实际案例,运用TLNET软件对海底输油管道进行稳态、瞬态运行状况模拟,得到了海底管道泄漏点及其前后A、B两高点处的流量、压力随时间的变化曲线,并且计算出了管道发生泄漏后直至泄漏完时间段内的泄漏量,与实际情况基本吻合。验证了TLNET解决海底输油管道泄漏瞬态问题的适用性,为解决相关实际问题提供了一种新的方法。     

大落差输油管道新型柔性带压堵漏方案设计

随着服役年份的不断增加,大落差输油管道受不满流影响和静压作用,在低点处更容易出现泄漏.带压堵漏是不停输的情况下对泄漏处进行封堵的一种抢修作业技术,具有作业时间短、费用低、安全可靠等特点.本文在调研分析了目前常用的柔性卡具、高强度缠绕带、开启式管道修补器、引流式补强套袖和对开式注胶夹具的基础上,提出了一套新型柔性带压堵漏...     

输油管道泄漏检测与定位系统升级改造

针对输油管道泄漏检测与定位系统在使用中发现的不足和问题,在排查分析的基础上,对系统软硬件进行了升级完善,探索出拐点定位、关阀定位等泄漏定位分析方法。经应用验证,系统在输油管道泄漏报警、泄漏定位、数据存储与仿真等方面,都达到了预期目标。     

城镇燃气应急抢修安全控制区域动态计算模型研究

本文在高斯烟羽模型的基础上,建立了城镇燃气应急抢修安全控制区域动态计算模型。根据应急抢修现场检测点的浓度和位置等,反推计算泄漏速率,解决了泄漏点裂口面积在开挖之前不易准确获知的情况下无法准确计算泄漏速率的问题。该模型为动态确定城镇燃气应急抢修安全控制区域,提供了理论指导。     

管道泄漏检测技术的改进

管道运输是继铁路、公路、航空、水运的第五大运输手段,是现代社会最重要的能源和化工原料—石油的主要集输方式。但是,泄漏已经成为当今输油管道运行的主要故障,特别是输油管道被打孔盗油以及腐蚀穿孔造成泄漏事故时有发生,严重干扰了正常生产,造成巨大的经济损失和环境污染。输油管道泄漏自动监测系统的研究与应用,可以及时发现泄漏,打击不法盗油行为,减少企业的经济损失,同时对提高油田输油管线自动化管理水平有重大意义。     

影响埋地输油管道泄漏介质迁移两种因素分析

通过建立埋地输油管道泄漏污染物迁移二维模型,分别分析了泄漏油相、水相在管道不同泄漏孔径和位置发生泄漏时的扩散迁移规律。研究表明:泄漏油水污染物分布由苹果状、U状向椭圆状转变,泄漏孔径越大,泄漏速度亦越大,泄漏到地表的时间也相对提前;管道不同泄漏位置其泄漏油水污染物分布对称轴线不同,且油品在相对靠近地表泄漏时会提前泄漏到地表。本研究可为光缆检漏技术用于检测、定位埋地输油管道的泄漏情况和泄漏位置提供参考。     

改进的Kalman滤波器在输油管道泄漏监测中的应用

应用改进的Kalman滤波器对采得的输油管道原始压力数据进行实时性滤波,以消除噪声干扰、提高信噪比;利用滤波后的信号进行输油管道泄漏的报警和定位。数据仿真和工程检测实际应用表明,改进的Kalman滤波器可大大提高输油管道泄漏报警的可靠性及其定位精度。     

管道修复用聚氨酯胶粘剂的研制

研制了一种能够在潮湿环境下固化的管道修复用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂.采用DSC监测了其固化反应过程,并进行了耐水性测试.结果表明,该胶粘剂固化反应放热297.4 J/g,固化温度86.49℃;在(22±1)℃下水中浸泡15 d后,剪切强度减小2.2 MPa.该胶粘剂具有良好的耐水性.     

含表面裂纹群的PTA加压罐的安全评定

以断裂力学为方法，以“合乎使用”为原则，在对ＰＴＡ加压罐进行了外观检验、无损检测、应力分析及材料性能分析后，采用流变应力准则，对其焊缝热影响区附近的表面裂纹群进行了安全评定。评定结果表明，在现有的操作压力水平下，含表面裂纹群的在用加压罐可以继续安全使用，不必进行任何返修。     

含沙棘油牙膏的抗炎、止血及修复功效研究

研究含沙棘油牙膏的稳定性、体内抗炎和止血功效、体外修复效果,采用小鼠耳肿胀实验、兔肝脏止血实验、人牙龈成纤维细胞修复实验评估其体内抗炎和止血功效、体外修复功效。结果表明,沙棘油牙膏符合国标GB 8372的要求,具有较好的体内抗炎和止血、体外修复的效果。     

土壤重金属Cr污染及其治理研究进展

土壤重金属污染的防治与修复是近年来生态环境学科研究的热点。伴随铬工业的发展,土壤铬污染的事件逐渐增多,对农业造成的危害逐渐加大,随着食物链的扩大,对动植物和人造成的毒害也逐渐放大,土壤铬污染、农产品铬超标及其安全性问题已受到国内外广泛关注。本文旨在总结土壤重金属Cr污染现状、土壤中Cr来源、Cr相关化合物生态效应及当前的土壤重金属Cr污染修复机理及措施。     

城镇污水处理厂清洁生产措施分析

随着经济增长与环境、资源矛盾的激化,清洁生产已经越来越受到人们的关注。文章以城镇污水处理厂为对象进行了清洁生产分析,从降低药耗、过程优化控制、工艺技术改造、加强设备的维护和保养、强化管理等诸多方面论述适合于城镇污水处理厂的清洁生产措施。具有较好的实际应用价值,为广大污水处理行业的相关人员提供了参考。     

甲壳素与甲壳胺纤维4.纤维在生物医药领域中的应用

甲壳素和甲壳胺是广泛存在于动物和植物中的天然高分子材料。近年来,这两个高分子的生物相容性、生物可降解性、对伤口愈合的促进性能和其它一些优异性能在生物医药领域引起了重视。甲壳素和甲壳胺纤维既具有天然高分子的生物活性,又有纤维材料的特性,在手术缝合线、医用敷料、人工皮肤、硬组织修复材料、人工肾膜、抗菌材料、保健内衣面料、药物缓释等材料中得到了广泛的应用。     

Food Derived Bioactive Peptides and Intestinal Barrier Function

A wide range of food-derived bioactive peptides have been shown to exert health-promoting actions and are therefore considered functional foods or nutraceuticals. Some of these actions are related to the maintenance, reinforcement or repairment of the intestinal barrier function (IBF) whose role is to selectively allow the absorption of water, nutrients and ions while preventing the influx of microorganisms from the intestinal lumen. Alterations in the IBF have been related to many disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease or metabolic syndrome. Components of IBF are the intestinal epithelium, the mucus layer, secretory immunoglobulin A and cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Here we review the effects of food derived bioactive peptides on these IBF components. In vitro and in vivo effects, both in healthy and disease states, have been reviewed. Although limited, the available information indicates a potential for food-derived peptides to modify IBF and to contribute to disease treatment, but further research is needed to better isolate responsible peptides, and to help define their mode of action.     

182m2丙烯冷凝器的修复

采用抽芯、换芯等方法对发生泄漏的丙烯冷凝器进行快速修复后 ,设备重新投用 ,为同类冷凝器的快速修复提供一可借鉴的思路。     

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Defect Attenuates Mitogen-Activated Signaling through Leucine-Rich Repeats and Immunoglobulin-like Domains 1 (LRIG1)-Dependent EGFR Degradation

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) genomic pathway has been well-characterized in a number of respiratory diseases. In addition, the cytoplasmic AHR protein may act as an adaptor of E3 ubiquitin ligase. In this study, the physiological functions of AHR that regulate cell proliferation were explored using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The doubling-time of the AHR-KO clones of A549 and BEAS-2B was observed to be prolonged. The attenuation of proliferation potential was strongly associated with either the induction of p27^Kip1 or the impairment in mitogenic signal transduction driven by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF receptor (EGFR). We found that the leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1), a repressor of EGFR, was induced in the absence of AHR in vitro and in vivo. The LRIG1 tends to degrade via a proteasome dependent manner by interacting with AHR in wild-type cells. Either LRIG1 or a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) were accumulated in AHR-defective cells, consequently accelerating the degradation of EGFR, and attenuating the response to mitogenic stimulation. We also affirmed low AHR but high LRIG1 levels in lung tissues of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This might partially elucidate the sluggish tissue repairment and developing inflammation in COPD patients.     

Postfire mechanical properties of Galfan-coated steel cables

Galfan-coated steel cables are widely used in prestressed structures due to their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Their postfire mechanical properties are important to evaluate the residual load-bearing capability of the structures after fire. However, the research on the postfire mechanical properties of Galfan-coated steel cables is stillscarce, especially the cable in stress state. Hence, a research based on experimental study was carried out to investigate the deterioration of mechanical properties of Galfan-coated steel cables in stress state after experiencing elevated temperatures in this paper. Eighteen tensile tests were conducted on specimens exposed to elevated temperatures varying from 100°C to 500°C and then cooled down to ambient temperature in air. Both twisting characteristic and constant stress level of Galfan-coated steel cables were considered in this study. The residual nominal yield strength, ultimate strength, elastic modulus, fracture strain, and stress-strain curves of Galfan-coated steel cables after experiencing elevated temperatures were obtained and compared with the existing researches. The results show that the postfire mechanical properties are obviously decreased when the fire temperature exceeds 300°C. Equations for the residual nominal yield strength, elastic modulus, ultimate strength, and fracture strain of the Galfan-coated steel cables were proposed. Furthermore, a modified two-stage Ramberg-Osgood model for Galfan-coated steel cables after experiencing elevated temperatures was established, which can provide reference for the safety assessment and repairment of prestressed structures after fire.