利用余热烧制稀土无机颜料

为了降低无机稀土颜料的使用成本,利用低温快烧墙地砖生产线油烧辊道窑余热进行颜料合成;以合成镨锆黄颜料为例,利用通用色差仪对最后所得产品进行色调测定。结果表明:矿化剂、烧成温度和烧成气氛对颜料的合成非常敏感,而原材料粒度、配比和合成保温时间相对影响较小;通过调整复合矿化剂,富含硅量的配方可在辊道窑冷却带预留孔700℃预烧,950℃恒温烧结2 h,合成了锆英石系稀土无机颜料。     

锆生料乳浊釉的研制

采用三角配料法优化锆乳油釉的配方，得到一种烧成温度为1230℃，遮盖力强，性能稳定，白度较高，锆英石用量较少的锆生料乳浊釉，闻此基础上加入色料制得效果很好的色釉。     

陶瓷色料的开发

许多陶瓷工作者都在努力降低颜料成本，节约能耗，创造更好的经济效益，开发出更具市场竞争力的色料。现就开发低成本、高质量的产品提出看法供参考。1 用锆英砂直接合成锆系色料目前，大多厂家使用的锆系色料都是石英和二氧化锆合成，而ZrO2价格昂贵，如以便宜的锆英砂为原料，经碱熔（NaOH+KOH）、酸（HCl,H2SO4）处理后再合成锆系色料，可降低成本。但该工艺较为复杂。此外还可以用中科院力学所生产的等离子分解锆英石———PDZ,这种廉价原料可代替SiO2和ZrO2直接合成锆基颜料。2用原料的半成品直接合成色料如用草酸钴代替价高的…     

烧成温度和ZrO2含量对镁锆制品烧结性能的影响

以烧结镁砂和锆英石为原料,按烧结镁砂与锆英石的质量比分别为8812,8515,8020,7723进行配料,成型后在110 ℃下保温24 h干燥,然后分别在1550 ℃、1600 ℃、1650 ℃、1730 ℃下保温3 h烧成,采用扫描电镜和能谱分析及XRD分析方法,研究了烧成温度和锆英石加入量对镁锆制品烧结性能的影响.结果表明随着锆英石加入量的增加和烧成温度的提高,镁锆制品的理化性能也逐渐提高,当锆英石的加入量为20%(即ZrO2含量为12%),烧成温度为1650 ℃时,镁锆制品的理化性能最佳,MgO与SiO2反应形成的镁橄榄石相(M2S)最多,ZrO2则多以t-ZrO2形式存在于MgO颗粒的周围,还有一小部分与MgO形成固溶体.     

优质机压锆英石砖的研制

研究了钛白粉、轻烧镁粉、α Al2 O3微粉的添加量及不同的烧成制度对合成锆英石骨料性能的影响 ,确定了最佳的复合添加剂加入量和适宜的烧成温度 ,并运用普通制砖生产线生产了优质机压锆英石制品。该制品的理化性能指标达到了国外同类产品水平。     

陶瓷色料在炻瓷高钡透明釉中的发色

研究了陶瓷色料在炻瓷高钡透明釉中的发色情况,其烧成温度为1200℃。研究结果表明:只有含钴的蓝色料以及锆系色料发色及釉面良好;其他色料则釉面起泡,或者褪色。     

陶瓷色料在炻瓷高钡透明釉中的发色

研究了陶瓷色料在炻瓷高钡透明釉中的发色情况,其烧成温度为1200℃。研究结果表明：只有含钴的蓝色料以及锆系色料发色及釉面良好;其他色料则釉面起泡,或者褪色。     

用晶包含色料制备系列红色釉

采用锆英石晶包色料，研制系列红色釉，通过与其它色料如晶包黄、镨黄、锆铁红的调配可制得从大红到橙色一系列高档色釉。     

烧结合成镁锆熟料的研究

采用轻烧氧化镁和锆英石粉为原料,研究了锆英石配合量、粉料细度及烧成温度对合成料的烧结及显微结构的影响。结果表明：在氧化镁与锆英石反应烧结过程中,锆英石分解后在初始锆英石颗粒内形成的气孔是阻碍合成料烧结致密化的不良因素;粉料细度,特别是锆英石的细度,对合成料的致密化有决定性的影响     

高温大红釉的研制

试验是在溶液共同沉淀法基础上,用封烧工艺制得一种锆英石包裹型大红色料,用该色料配合适当的熔块加以保护,制得了1120℃稳定发色的大红色釉,解决了硫硒化镉大红色料不耐高温的难题。     

Influence of firing temperature on the color developed by a (Zr,V)SiO4 pigmented opaque ceramic glaze

The analysis of the physical interactions between pigments, opacifiers and glazes is fundamental to understand the optical behavior of ceramic glazes. Furthermore is important to verify if the glaze devitrifies because the crystallized phases can contribute to the optical properties of the system. The size and the quantity of the formed crystals can change significantly the glaze color. The mean goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of firing temperature on the color stability of an opaque ceramic glaze colored by a blue vanadium–zircon pigment taking into account all the optical components. Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis was conducted in order to evaluate the pigment dissolution at the three studied temperature and the quantity of the in situ formed zircon crystals from the used frit. The reported study demonstrated the importance to consider all the components in a multicomponent optical system as a ceramic glaze.     

废弃分子筛制备群蓝颜料研究

以工业废弃分子筛为原料,加入单质硫、活性碳、碳酸钠和二氧化硅,通过高温煅烧制备群蓝颜料。研究了煅烧温度和氧气含量对制备样品的影响,用XRD表征样品的物相。结果表明,使用废弃分子筛可以制备出色调亮丽的群蓝颜料。     

Grain growth of zircon pigment in tile glaze

Abstract

Glazes for ceramic materials are often opacified by a zircon pigment. The increase in optical density is related to the number and size of pigment particles, which are well dispersed in the glass. Mechanical dispersion by grinding of a fine zircon powder in a raw glaze mixture results in an unoptimised pigment dispersion in the melted glassy phase at high temperature. A significant reduction in the number of particles and a simultaneous large increase in their size is observed. In this case the optical glaze density does not attain the expected value and a very large quantity of zircon must be added. In the present work it is shown that a large part of the zircon reacts with the glass phase during firing. Simultaneously, the remaining zircon grains undergo a large increase in grain size by Ostwald ripening through the liquid phase. This process is characterised by a low activation energy (79 ± 1 kJ mol^-1) and a short diffusion path for Zr through the liquid phase between neighbouring grains. The path length is shorter than the size of the larger grains. In the usual firing range, both populations of smaller and larger grains vary in size, the smaller grains favouring growth of the larger grains.     

Zircon-Vanadium Blue Pigment

Vanadium was incorporated into zircon by heating in air and in controlled atmospheres of oxygen. It was found that V²⁺ could not be incorporated into zircon by firing in a hydrogen atmosphere. Comparison of the absorption spectrum of V³⁺ in YPO₄ with that of blue zircons prepared in air and oxygen atmospheres, with and without fluoride additives, showed that it is highly probable that V⁴⁺ is solely responsible for the color of the pigment. Crystal field analysis confirmed the existence of V in the ZrO₈ position in the zircon structure.     

溶胶凝胶法合成镨、钕硅酸锆色料的研究

采用溶胶 -凝胶法成功地制备了镨黄、钕紫色料 ,对不同的矿化剂 ,在不同的温度合成的色料进行了XRD、XPS、分光反射率和颗粒度的测试。结果表明 :和固相合成法相比 ,采用溶胶 -凝胶法合成的试样 ,其呈色更好 ,粒度分布更窄。     

Effects of Glass Frit Oxides on Crystallization and Zircon Pigment Dissolution in Whiteware Coatings

In experimental whiteware coatings comprised of zircon pigment and multi-oxide silicate glass frits that incorporated ZrO₂, the quantity, size, and morphology of zircon that precipitated during "fast-firing" were mainly dependent upon the ZnO, SrO, and Al₂O₃:alkali levels. In these frits, little or no zircon pigment dissolution occurred, and zircon crystallization was nearly complete by 1000°C. Microstructures of the coatings were consistent over a range of peak firing temperatures from 1000° to 1100°C. Fritted ZnO in these coatings stimulated zircon crystallization and produced high opacity. Replacing ZnO with SrO in the same frits prevented zircon from precipitating and resulted in transparent coatings. In frits without ZrO₂, significant zircon pigment dissolution and crystallization of calcium-based silicates occurred during firing. In these unstable coatings, crystallization and dissolution increased from 1000° to 1100°C and produced a range of microstructures. Raising the Al₂O₃:alkali ratio caused frits with ZrO₂ to precipitate more zircon, and frits without ZrO₂ to form less of the calcium-based silicates and dissolve less pigment.     

浅谈釉下颜料在浮雕艺术瓷上的装饰应用

釉下彩是瓷器釉彩装饰的一种,又称"窑彩"。釉下颜料本是陶瓷器的一种主要绘画颜料,但本文改变它惯有的装饰手法,与浮雕艺术瓷结合,高温一次烧成。烧成后的图案被一层透明的釉膜覆盖在下边,表面光亮柔和、平滑不凸出,还可再釉上加彩。在制作过程中,从装饰技法、工艺流程和技术上创新,替代大部分颜色釉的不稳定性和流动性等不良弊端,更好地呈现浮雕瓷的空间和艺术效果。     

Influence of inorganic pigments on the fluidity of cement mortars

Among the admixtures used for cement composites, an inorganic pigment, which contributes color to the final product, enhances the esthetic value of a building. It can be reasonably assumed that the use of inorganic pigments will increase, given the recent trend to make cities more beautiful with color. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of inorganic pigments on the fluidity of cement mortar. For this purpose, a flow test was carried out on cement mortar mixed with inorganic pigments by changing the proportion of cement mortar, water-cement ratio, and ratio of pigment. When red and yellow pigment mortars were used, the fluidity rapidly decreased with increasing ratio of pigment. To secure an acceptable workability, the amount of mixing water had to be increased or a superplasticizer employed. When a green pigment mortar was used, however, the fluidity of the mortar recorded −2.4-6.9%, indicating almost no change in flow. When a black pigment mortar was used, the pigment had no effect on fluidity.     

FW防伪涂料的研制和应用

介绍了以钴盐作为变色物质、不同的无机材料作为填料,研制了低温可逆示温涂料的工艺流程。通过变色颜料的变色原理的分析,解释了防伪涂料可逆变色现象。研究了温度、湿度及涂层厚度对涂料变色性能的影响。     

新型无机内保温涂层的性能及应用

根据水泥烧成热耗的组成，降低高温设备表面散热是降低水泥烧成热耗的重要途径之一，而减少高温窑炉墙壁的热传导可有效降低设备的表面散热。本文在介绍无机内保温涂层隔热原理的基础上，对保温涂层的应用效果进行了对比研究，通过在传统耐火隔热材料的基础上增加新型无机内保温涂层，可有效降低高温设备外表面温度，减少水泥生产中的散热损失，达到节能降耗的目的。