EPON中支持多业务接入的动态带宽分配算法研究

以太网无源光网络(EPON)被视为下一代宽带接入网络(最后一公里问题)的最有吸引力的解决方案.EPON的一个主要特征是终端用户间共享上行信道,使用媒介接入控制方法来为不同流量类型提供多种服务.根据对已有的EPON上行带宽分配方案进行研究分析,并结合目前用户的多业务接入实际情况,提出了一种全面多业务接入的动态带宽分配的算法.     

一种WDM-PON系统中基于SLA的动态带宽算法

文章提出了一种基于业务等级协议(SLA)的动态带宽分配算法,该算法根据SLA为光网络单元(ONU)分配带宽权重和相应的优先权,确保了ONU的带宽分配和服务质量,改善了网络的性能,满足了网络业务的QoS要求.最后,通过仿真证明了这种算法的正确性.     

基于多门限预留机制的自适应带宽分配算法

针对异构无线网络融合环境提出了一种基于多门限预留机制的自适应带宽分配算法,从而为多业务提供QoS保证。该算法采用多宿主传输机制,通过预设各个网络中不同业务的带宽分配门限,并基于各个网络中不同业务和用户的带宽分配矩阵,根据业务k支持的传输速率等级需求和网络状态的变化,将自适应带宽分配问题转化为一个动态优化问题并采用迭代方法来求解,在得到各个网络中不同业务和用户优化的带宽分配矩阵的同时,在带宽预留门限和网络容量的约束条件下实现网络实时吞吐量的最大化,以提高整个异构网络带宽的利用效率。数值仿真结果显示,所提算法能够支持满足QoS需求的传输速率等级,减小了新用户接入异构网络的阻塞概率,提高了平均用户接入率并将网络吞吐量最大提高40%。     

避免轻载惩罚支持多业务的EPON动态带宽分配

为了支持语音、视频和数据等多业务接入,以太网无源光网络(EPON)动态带宽分配算法需要保证不同业务的优先级以提供不同的服务质量(QoS)、减小实时业务时间延迟,这会带来轻载惩罚问题.针对该问题,文章提出一种基于多队列带宽分配方案,即光网络单元为不同优先级的业务分别申请带宽并引入预测机制.给出了具体算法并进行了算法仿真.仿真结果表明,该方案不仅能支持语音、视频和数据等多业务接入,还能从根本上避免轻载惩罚,通过预测可以进一步提高高优先级业务的QoS.     

WDM EPON中的动态波长带宽分配算法

基于WDM EPON系统结构和已有波长带宽分配算法(DWBA)的不足,提出了一种结合流量预测与预分配机制的动态波长带宽分配算法--DWBPA.仿真表明在不同网络负载情况下,该算法不仅保证了波长带宽分配的公平性,而且能够满足高优先级业务的延时要求.     

一种新的基于GPON的动态带宽分配算法

为了实现吉比特无源光网络(GPON)带宽分配的公平性,降低网络的丢包率及传输延时,文章研究了GPON系统传输汇聚层的帧结构及动态带宽分配的实现方法,提出了一种新的动态带宽分配(DBA)算法--基于QoS的二层动态带宽分配算法.基本思路是根据不同等级业务的带宽需求,在PON层和ONU层分别进行带宽的合理分配.理论分析和仿真试验证明,这种算法可以提高带宽的利用率,保证不同业务的不同时延要求,并且对不同用户和不同等级的业务都具有很好的公平性.     

ATM网络中的连接接纳控制算法

本文对ＡＴＭ网络中的带宽分配及接入控制方案进行归纳，提出一种新的基于带宽分配的接入方案，同时用计算机模拟出原有接入算法中各参数之间的函数关系。     

APON业务调度算法的研究与实现

利用业务调度算法实现不同业务等级间的动态带宽分配（DBA），从而保证接入业务的服务质量（QoS)，是异步转移模式无源光网络（APON）系统的关键技术之一，文章所设计的APON系统业务调度算法，通过基本带宽分配和剩余带宽再分配实现了业务等级间的动态带宽分配，算法建模仿真和系统实际测试证明算法具有良好的性能，实现简单，可用性强。     

APON的帧结构和MAC协议设计及其性能分析

本文参照以ATM为基础的无源光网络(APON)的G.983建议,提出了一种新的传输帧结构和媒质接入控制(MAC)协议.传输帧长选为125μs,这有利于STM业务的接入.考虑到话音业务对时延敏感并且传输速率较低的特点,MAC协议对话音业务实行固定带宽分配.对其它类型的业务则采用基于预留的动态带宽分配方案.通过建模仿真分析了协议的信元时延(CD)和信元时延变化(CDV)特性.     

GPON系统中基于QoS的动态带宽分配算法的研究

为了实现吉比特无源光网络(GPON)带宽分配的公平性,降低网络的丢包率及传输延时,研究了GPON系统传输汇聚层的帧结构及带宽分配的实现方法,提出了一种新的动态带宽分配(DBA)算法--基于QoS的二层动态带宽分配算法.性能分析与对比表明,这种算法对不同用户和不同等级的业务都具有很好的公平性,并可以降低低等级业务的传输延时.     

Design of MAC protocols with fast collision resolution for wireless local area networks

Development of efficient medium access control (MAC) protocols providing both high throughput performance for data traffic and good quality of service (QoS) support for real-time traffic is the current major focus in distributed contention-based MAC protocol research. In this paper, we propose an efficient contention resolution algorithm for wireless local area networks, namely, the fast collision resolution (FCR) algorithm. The MAC protocol with this new algorithm attempts to provide significantly higher throughput performance for data services than the IEEE 802.11 MAC algorithm and more advanced dynamic tuning backoff (DTB) algorithm. We demonstrate that this algorithm indeed resolves collisions faster and reduces the idle slots more effectively. To provide good fairness performance and to support good QoS for real-time traffic, we incorporate the self-clocked fair queueing algorithm and a priority scheme into the FCR algorithm and come up with the real-time FCR (RT-FCR) algorithm, and show that RT-FCR can simultaneously achieve high throughput and good fairness performance for nonreal-time traffic while maintaining satisfactory QoS support for real-time traffic.     

Arbitration Interframe Space‐controlled Medium Access Control: a medium access control protocol guaranteeing absolute priority in wireless local area networks

The demand for multimedia services, such as voice over Internet Protocol, video on demand, information dissemination, and ?le sharing, is increasing explosively in wireless local area networks. These multimedia services require a certain level of QoS. Thus, it is important to provide QoS for multimedia applications. IEEE 802.11e tries to meet the QoS requirement of multimedia services by using Enhanced Distributed Channel Access. This gives more weights to high‐priority tra?c than low‐priority tra?c in accessing the wireless channel. However, Enhanced Distributed Channel Access suffers from many problems such as low aggregate throughput, high collision rates, and ineffective QoS differentiation among priority classes. In this paper, we propose a new medium access scheme, the Arbitration Interframe Space‐controlled Medium Access Control (AC‐MAC), that guarantees absolute priority in 802.11 wireless networks. In AC‐MAC, the AIFS and contention window values are controlled, so that a higher‐priority tra?c can preferentially access and effectively utilize the channel. Extensive simulations show that AC‐MAC can perfectly provide absolute priority and good throughput performance regardless of the number of contending nodes. In the simulation of voice over Internet Protocol service, AC‐MAC provides effective QoS differentiation among services and also meets the high level of QoS requirements. AC‐MAC also adapts quickly in a dynamic environment and provides good fairness among the nodes belonging to the same priority class. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Efficient medium arbitration of FSAN‐compliant GPONs

The steadily rising demand for multimedia and data services, the falling cost and omnipresence of Ethernet and the maturity of passive optical networks (PON) technology, promise to radically change the landscape in the local loop. The heart of a gigabit PON system (recently standardized by FSAN/ITU) is the medium access controller (MAC), which arbitrates access to the upstream link among users with fluctuating traffic demands and effects the multiplexing and concentration policy. At the same time, it has to safeguard the service quality and enforce the parameters agreed in the service level agreements (SLAs) between the users and the service provider. In this paper, a MAC protocol designed to serve any mix of services according to their quality of service (QoS) needs, employing four priority levels along with a high number of logically separate data queues is presented. The architecture and implementation in hardware of a MAC algorithm capable of allocating bandwidth down to a resolution of a byte with QoS differentiation is the focus of this paper. It employs the bandwidth arbitration tools of the FSAN/ITU G.984.3 standard and maps SLA parameters to GPON service parameters to create an efficient, fair and flexible residential access system. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

PRIN: A Priority-Based Energy Efficient MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Varying the Sample Inter-Arrival Time

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used in a variety of applications to sense and transfer information to the centralized node with energy efficiency increasing the network’s lifespan. Other factors, such as quality of service (QoS) is also important to improve the performance of the WSNs, by increasing throughput and reducing end-to-end delay. In this paper, we evaluate the importance of QoS in the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for WSNs using different metrics and parameters such as energy efficiency, throughput, delay, and the network lifespan. We propose a new QoS MAC protocol, “PRIority in Node” (PRIN), using static priority in the source and the intermediate node and priority among the node which is one hop from the sink node to achieve QoS in WSNs. Simulation results are compared with those of the synchronous MAC protocol in terms of QoS parameters to show the improved performance of the proposed MAC protocol.     

Do we need quality of service in the customer environment?

The paper introduces the concept of quality of service (QoS) in the customer environment, as related to broadband customer premises equipment. The paper describes the BT vision for the customer environment, with a QoS-enabled ‘customer gateway’ and ‘home networks’ delivering a range of broadband services to the end user. The reasons behind the need for QoS are discussed and the differing requirements of the downstream (network to end user) as distinct from the upstream (end user to network) data paths are described.Incorporating downstream QoS protocols in the customer gateway is less likely to give an effective perceived performance benefit due to the simple fact that the traffic priority is essentially predetermined by the network/service provider and only marginal benefits can be seen by its application. Extending downstream QoS across the home network will be essential to provide an effective customer experience. The paper looks at the future strategy for implementing QoS, not just within the customer gateway, but also up to the end terminal, as it should be remembered that all elements of the service such as end user appliances, home networks, customer gateways, the network provider and service provider all have their own distinct parts to play to guarantee the best quality of service and customer experience.The paper concludes that the predominant area for QoS implementation in the customer environment, is in the upstream direction where even a basic QoS implementation such as simple queuing is likely to give noticeable improvements in the customer experience. New real-time services such as voice over IP (VoIP) will require upstream QoS.Thus it should be possible to specify QoS enhancements that are straightforward and likely to be simple (and therefore cost effective) to implement, in low-cost CPE. The paper concludes that it is essential that the next generation of customer gateways and home networks, support appropriate QoS functionality to support new services delivered over BT’s network.     

Medium Access Control for QoS Provisioning in Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication Networks

The emerging vehicular networks are targeted to provide efficient communications between mobile vehicles and fixed roadside units (RSU), and support mobile multimedia applications and safety services with diverse quality of service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, we propose a busy tone based medium access control (MAC) protocol with enhanced QoS provisioning for life critical safety services. By using busy tone signals for efficient channel preemption in both contention period (CP) and contention free period (CFP), emergency users can access the wireless channel with strict priority when they compete with multimedia users, and thus achieve the minimal access delay. Furthermore, through efficient transmission coordination on the busy tone channel, contention level can be effectively reduced, and the overall network resource utilization can be improved accordingly. We then develop an analytical model to quantify the medium access delay of emergency messages. Extensive simulations with Network Simulator (NS)-2 validate the analysis and demonstrate that the proposed MAC can guarantee reliable and timely emergency message dissemination in a vehicular network.     

确保无线AdHoc网络服务质量的MAC协议研究

本文针对无线局域网中MAC层Qos支持技术进行了研究，在分析了现有的EDCF退避机制的静态参数设置方法的基础上，提出结合网络负载状况动态调节不同优先级业务的竞争窗口和退避时间，改变不同优先级业务的信道接入方式的方法。仿真结果表明，动态调节法相较于静态参数法在网络吞吐量、时延、碰撞率方面都有更好的表现。     

QoS support for integrated services over CATV

Cable TV has emerged as a promising access network infrastructure for the delivery of voice, video, and high-speed data traffic. A central issue in the design of protocols for CATV networks is to support different levels of QoS for diverse user applications. While CATV service providers and equipment have standardized, in the so-called MCNS protocol, the basic network architecture and interfaces, issues in the MAC layer for QoS support are likely to be left for differentiation in vendor products. This article first presents an overview of the basic CATV network architectural assumptions and the set of QoS requirements for supporting integrated services over CATV. It then discusses a MAC layer scheduling protocol that can efficiently multiplex constant bit rate traffic, such as voice over IP with guaranteed delay bound, and best-effort traffic, such as data services with minimum bit rate guarantee, while achieving fairness on any excess available bandwidth. The performance of this algorithm is illustrated by simulation results using Opnet. We also discuss a dynamic polling mechanism that enhances the link utilization while preserving delay bounds for latency-critical traffic     

FQLP:ATM网中一种新的实时业务调度算法

 本文提出了基于丢失优先权公平队列(FQLP)调度算法.理论分析和仿真实验表明FQLP调度算法能保证实时业务获得的网络资源不小于预约带宽,为实时业务提供确定的时延上界.FQLP调度算法利用ATM网络中的信元优先权机制,提高了网络资源的利用率.同时FQLP调度策略能保证信元的发送顺序.     

Enhanced cooperative MAC for wireless local area networks

A novel network protocol,enhanced cooperative medium access control(ECoop MAC),is present in this article.Its function is to guarantee the quality of service(QoS)in wireless local area networks.For the sake of supporting different application scenarios,two proposed schemes,namely E-scheme I for lower priority traffic and E-scheme II for higher priority traffic can be adopted independently or in combination.ECoop MAC takes into account request failure problems,and utilizes cooperative protocol information to boost the system performance as well as to effectively cut control packets overhead.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can not only improve network throughput,but also lead to reduced network delays for individual packets.