功能梯度材料浅壳结构在弹性冲击下的动态响应分析

研究一个以功能梯度材料构成的浅壳体结构在受到弹性冲击后的动态响应.根据冲击方向的不同将问题分为浅球壳冲击问题与浅凹壳冲击问题.采用Mori-Tanaka法则得到功能梯度壳的局部属性分布;运用一般三阶剪切变形理论,结合Von-Karman方程和哈密顿原理得到壳体在冲击下的运动控制方程;使用有限差分法和Newmark法对问题进行离散,再采用有限迭代法求得问题的解,最后得到功能梯度壳在弹性冲击下的响应.对比功能梯度浅凹壳和浅球壳的响应结果,数值结果表明功能梯度浅凹壳表现出更好的抗冲击性能.     

基于改进傅里叶级数方法的旋转功能梯度圆柱壳振动特性分析

通过在功能梯度圆柱壳结构两端引入轴向、环向、径向和径向旋转四组约束弹簧刚度,统一考虑了的弹性约束边界条件,将功能梯度材料特性表示成沿壳体厚度方向的连续性变化,根据Love薄壳理论,采用改进傅里叶级数方法和Rayleigh-Ritz法相结合,推导得到旋转功能梯度圆柱壳自由振动的频率计算方程。通过计算分析,模拟了任意边界条件,研究了弹性边界约束对旋转功能梯度圆柱壳结构自由振动频率的影响。结果表明:边界约束刚度对于功能梯度圆柱壳结构固有频率敏感影响区域不同,径向弹性约束对频率影响较明显,环向弹性约束其次,轴向弹性约束对频率影响较小,而径向旋转弹性约束对频率几乎无影响。     

蜂窝夹芯圆柱壳在冲击内压作用下的轴对称动态响应

文章应用弹性动力学理论研究了蜂窝夹芯圆柱壳在冲击内压作用下的轴对称动态响应。首先,依据均匀化理论将蜂窝夹芯材料等效为均匀连续的正交各向异性材料;其次,把动态径向位移分解为准静态部分和动态部分,推导蜂窝夹芯圆柱壳动态响应的解析表达式;最后,用有限元模拟蜂窝夹芯圆柱壳在冲击内压作用下的动态响应,并与数值结果对比。研究结果表明,这种方法计算冲击内压作用下蜂窝夹芯圆柱壳的动态响应结果精确可靠。     

功能梯度圆柱壳弹性临界载荷预测

针对功能梯度圆柱壳的弹性临界载荷预测问题,本文提出了一种预报弹性临界载荷的半解析方法。利用薄壳理论建立了壳体耦合振动方程,运用抛物线法求解得到了充液功能梯度圆柱壳的固有频率,通过固有频率平方和内压的线性关系利用插值方法得到功能梯度圆柱壳的弹性临界载荷。通过与已有结果对比,验证了本文方法的正确性。计算了氮化硅-不锈钢功能梯度圆柱壳的弹性临界载荷、边界条件和结构参数等变化对功能梯度圆柱壳弹性临界载荷的影响。本文提出的基于内压条件下的固有频率来预报功能梯度圆柱壳弹性临界载荷的方法,相比于外压条件下的试验和仿真方法,方法简单,更易于实现。     

叠层压电球壳的三维热释电分析

从球壳热传导方程出发,建立一个关于温度场的二阶齐次状态方程,并采用级数展开技术和矩阵理论进行精确求解.利用界面连续条件导出叠层球壳内、外表面温度场状态矢量的传递关系,进而利用内、外表面的温度边界条件精确确定球壳内的温度分布.基于热释电弹性体的三维基本方程,引入3个位移函数与2个应力函数,导出1个二阶齐次状态方程和1个六阶非齐次状态方程,并采用几乎相同的求解策略得到了边界温度作用下球壳内精确的电弹性场.通过数值算例考察了单层薄/厚球壳在内、外恒定温度作用下的稳态响应,以及相同厚度的单层与叠层球壳的不同热释电响应,发现厚度与结构形式不同可以显著改变其热释电效应.     

旋转功能梯度压电空心圆柱的精确

针对内外表面作用均布压力和电势的功能梯度径向极化无限长压电空心圆柱旋转问题,给出了其精确解.分析了旋转功能梯度压电空心圆柱内径向应力、环向应力及电势的分布情况,还研究了材料的非均匀特性、空心圆柱的内外径比率以及外加电势对机械场和电场的影响.通过设计合适的功能梯度形式、选择合适的内外径比率以及在内外表面施加恰当的外加电势能够达到改善旋转功能梯度压电空心圆柱的力学行为.得到的解可应用于沿径向按幂函数规律变化的旋转压电功能梯度空心圆柱构件的精确分析和优化设计中.     

轴对称迭层圆柱壳高阶分析

本文把LO,Christensen和Wu提出的研究迭层板变形的高阶理论应用到轴对称迭层圆柱壳中,计算了两端简支受均匀内压或外压的迭层圆柱壳的层间应力,并与精确解做了比较.     

功能梯度材料圆柱壳基于变分渐近法的高保真简化模型

为有效分析涂覆型功能梯度圆柱壳顶面作用正弦荷载下的响应,基于变分渐近方法（VAM）建立高保真简化模型。根据Hamilton扩展原则建立功能梯度材料圆柱壳3维能量方程;利用壳体固有小参数将3维能量渐近扩展为系列2维近似能量方程,并将近似能量转换为工程常用的Reissner-Mindlin模型形式;提供重构关系以准确预测沿厚度方向的3维场分布。通过SiC-Al功能梯度面层-均质基层圆柱壳顶面作用正弦分布荷载的柱形弯曲算例验证,基于该理论和模型重构的位移和应力分量与3维精确解相一致;在应变很小时,可考虑任意大位移和全局旋转,并可准确捕捉翘曲几何非线性。     

双层储液罐水弹性振动分析

对层间储有液体的双层圆柱壳水弹性振动进行了详细的分析．重点研究计算了双层圆柱壳刚度阵、质量阵及其水弹性动力特性，给出动水压力分布规律和任意动载荷下的动位移响应．     

基于L-S理论的压电球壳广义热冲击分析

基于L-S广义热弹性理论,针对压电球壳受表面球对称热冲击作用下的热弹性问题进行分析.从三维压电弹性理论基本方程出发,利用Laplace变换,建立耦合的6阶状态方程;采用层合近似模型,将状态方程转化为关于径向坐标的常系数状态方程.利用界面连续条件得到球壳内、外状态变量的整体传递关系,结合球壳内、外边界条件,可以确定频域内所有状态变量,通过数值反变换获得时域解.数值算例给出热冲击作用下压电球壳的位移、应力、电势和温度等物理量的分布规律,考察热松弛时间对热冲击作用效果的影响.     

二维热弹性功能梯度板的自由振动分析

研究正交各向异性二维热弹性功能梯度板的自由振动问题。假设材料参数沿板厚方向按任意函数规律变化,基于状态空间法和Peano-Baker级数,获得了二维热弹性功能梯度平板自由振动问题的解。通过算例,分析了当材料为线性分布时,不同的梯度参数和板厚对平板最小固有频率的影响,以及不同的分布函数对最小固有频率的影响。     

梯度功能材料拟静态热弹性问题的泛函和变分原理

本文从梯度功能材料拟静态热弹性问题的控制方程出发,说明了梯度功能材料在其物性系数为坐标变量的函数时的三维拟静态热弹性问题的泛函是存在的,导出了相应的泛函,并建立了相应的变分原理.     

ELASTOPLASTIC OPTIMUM DESIGN OF Ni/TiC FUNCTIONAL GRADIENT MATERIAL

The thermal residual stresses developed in a disk-shaped.Ni/TiC functionally gradient material (FGM) during its fabricationare investigated by an elastic-plastic finite element numerical ap-proach.Constitutive relations for the graded Ni-TiC composite interlayers between pure metal Ni and ceramic TiC are estimated by usingan effectiv-medium approach,and effective plastic strain and stressdistributions are computed for simulated cooling from an assumed fab-rication temperature.Analyses are performed for a fixed specimen ge-ometry and the graded region is treated as a series of perfectly bondedequal-thick layers.The restults are compared with those obtained by on-ly considering elastic material response to assess the effect of plasticityon the optimum fabrication design of the Ni/TiC FGM.It is demon-strated that the consideration of plasticity is of critical importance foroptimization of the metal/ceramic gradient materials.     

梯度功能材料热弹性应力的分析方法

本文介绍了近年来国外有关梯度功能材料热弹性应力问题的最新研究方法，并对其方法特点进行了评述．     

功能梯度材料厚板的三维弹性分析

基于三维弹性理论给出了功能梯度材料厚板的基本方程,并用有限元软件-Ansys,采用三维各向同性有限单元,按照复合材料层合板模拟均布荷载下的厚板,讨论了四边简支的边界条件,梯度指数和板的厚宽比等因素对板的无量纲挠度以及无量纲应力的影响。三维数值模型给出的挠度和应力分布不同于基于Kirchhoff-Love直法线假设的经典层合板理论给出的挠度和应力分布。     

压铸模的功能梯度材料涂层性能分析

为了提高压铸模的使用寿命,用有限元方法对涂层为功能梯度材料的压铸模进行分析.梯度材料涂层分为5层,沿模具表面法向氮化钛所占的比例逐渐增加,分别为20%、40%、60%、80%、100%.在不同厚度涂层的应力分析中,涂层中氮化钛的比例不变,只增加每一层的厚度,涂层总厚度分别为0.002 mm,0.004 mm,0.006 mm,0.008 mm,0.01 mm.功能梯度材料的性能参数采用简单混合物运算法则计算.应用有限元法对有功能梯度材料涂层的模具和没有功能梯度材料涂层模具的温度场、应力场进行比较分析,并对不同厚度功能梯度材料涂层的应力进行研究.结果显示:当功能梯度材料涂层的厚度为0.006 mm时温度场分布更合理,表面剪应力及压应力变化平缓,有效延长了模具寿命.     

Three-dimensional analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric plate with arbitrarily distributed material properties

An orthotropic functionally graded piezoelectric rectangular plate with arbitrarily distributed material properties was studied, which is simply supported and grounded（electrically） on its four lateral edges. The state equations of the functionally graded piezoelectric material were obtained using the state-space approach, and a Peano-Baker series solution was obtained for the coupled electroelastic fi elds of the functionally graded piezoelectric plate subjected to mechanical and electric loading on its upper and lower surfaces. The influence of different distributions of material properties on the structural response of the plate was studied using the obtained solutions.     

Generalized thermoelastic interaction in functional graded material with fractional order three-phase lag heat transfer

The present work is concerned with the solution of a problem on thermoelastic interactions in a functional graded material due to thermal shock in the context of the fractional order three-phase lag model. The governing equations of fractional order generalized thermoelasticity with three-phase lag model for functionally graded materials(FGM)(i.e., material with spatially varying material properties) are established. The analytical solution in the transform domain is obtained by using the eigenvalue approach.The inversion of Laplace transform is done numerically. The graphical results indicate that the fractional parameter has significant effects on all the physical quantities. Thus, we can consider the theory of fractional order generalized thermoelasticity an improvement on studying elastic materials.     

Al2O3/Cu梯度复合材料的制备及磨损性能研究

采用粉末冶金方法制备了Al2O3/Cu梯度复合材料.用金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及进行磨损实验研究了梯度复合材料的显微组织、磨损机理和相对耐磨性.结果表明:梯度材料基体连续,层间没有界面,组织呈梯度分布;梯度复合材料的耐磨性优于铜基体材料;梯度复合材料的磨损机理是微切削磨损、表层剥落和磨粒磨损的综合作用.     

Design and development of SiC/(W,Ti)C gradient ceramic nozzle

The idea of functionally gradient material (FGM) theory was used to design ceramic nozzle based on the erosion wear behaviors of the ceramic nozzles and the outstanding properties of FGM. The purpose is to reduce the tensile stress at the entry region of the nozzle during sand blasting processes. The design theory and methods of gradient ceramic nozzle were proposed. The physical, micromechanical, and composition distribution models of gradient ceramic nozzle were established. The optimum composition distribution of the gradient ceramic nozzle material was determined from the solution of the multi-objective optimization calculation by constructing the models of the composition distribution versus the structural integrity of the compact in fabricating process. Results showed that compressive residual stresses appeared at the entry area of the gradient ceramic nozzle. The optimized component distribution exponent p is 0.5. An SiC/(W,Ti)C gradient ceramic nozzle material was synthesized by hot-pressing according to the design result. Results showed that the surface Vickers hardness of the FGM-1 gradient ceramic nozzle materials was greatly improved in comparison with that of the other layers. Supported by the Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No. 20030422105), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant Nos. Y2004F08, Z2003F01) and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-04-0622)