改性海泡石处理含铬工业废水的试验研究

用稀盐酸在一定条件下对海泡石进行处理，制备出改性海泡石；探讨了改性海泡石对含铬工业废水的吸附条件，研究了改性海泡石对含铬工业废水的吸附效果。     

改性海泡石对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能

对海泡石进行了硫酸改性、高温改性、硫酸/高温改性,以亚甲基蓝为吸附对象,研究了改性方法对海泡石吸附性能的影响,对各改性海泡石进行了孔径、孔体积等表征. 结果表明,3种改性方法中,硫酸/高温改性对海泡石吸附性能的提高效果最好,吸附量比改性前提高47.8%,达41 mg/g,吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程. 硫酸/高温复合改性后的海泡石平均孔径达9.74 nm,孔体积达7.064′10-2 cm3/g,分别提高117%和92.6%. 对改性海泡石对亚甲基兰的吸附机理进行了探讨.     

改性海泡石对废水中Pb2^＋、Hg2^＋、Cd2^＋1吸附性能的研究

用盐酸溶液对海泡石进行处理和在450C灼烧，制备出改性海泡石。在动态条件下，研究了改性海泡石对重金属离子Pb2^ 、Hg2^ 、Cd2^ 的吸附效果及吸附条件。同时探讨了改性海泡石对重金属离子Pb2^ 、Hg2^ 、Cd2^ 的吸附机理。合Pb2^ 、Hg2^ 、Cd2^ 的冶金废水经改性海泡石吸附后，重金属离子含量显著低于国家排放标准。     

改性海泡石对NH3吸附特性的研究

对河南内乡一带海泡石进行纯化、化学改性处理后．测定了它对有害气体NH3的吸附能力，结果表明，经化学改性处理的海泡石吸附效果明显优于未改性的。     

改性海泡石对废水中Pb2+、Hg2+、Cd2+ 吸附性能的研究

用盐酸溶液对海泡石进行处理和在450℃灼烧,制备出改性海泡石。在动态条件下,研究了改性海泡石对重金属离子Pb2+、Hg2+、Cd2+的吸附效果及吸附条件。同时探讨了改性海泡石对重金属离子Pb2+、Hg2+、Cd2+的吸附机理。含Pb2+、Hg2+、Cd2+的冶金废水经改性海泡石吸附后,重金属离子含量显著低于国家排放标准。     

改性海泡石除磷热力学研究

通过对改性海泡石的热力学性能研究,确定了改性海泡石对磷进行吸附的吸附容量、去除率和改性海泡石用量的关系。根据实验数据求解出吸附等温方程并绘制出等温吸附曲线。对等温吸附曲线进行拟合并比较相关系数的大小,得到改性海泡石的等温吸附方程。它符合修正后的Freundlich等温吸附方程:qe=10.4 4 Ci1.148 29.90。此方程较精确地描述了改性海泡石对P O34--的吸附量随浓度的变化,为改性海泡石的工业化除磷应用提供了理论依据。     

海泡石改性及在铅锌废水处理中的应用研究

在介绍海泡石的酸改性、热改性、酸热改性、磁改性和有机改性的基础上,指出改性海泡石在提高海泡石比表面积及吸附性能方面具有明显的优势。介绍了酸热改性和磁改性海泡石对铅锌废水处理的应用,对吸附饱和的海泡石的再生进行了简单概括。海泡石处理铅锌废水是"以废治废"的污水处理技术,具有良好的发展前景。     

海泡石改性及其在含铬废水处理中的应用

海泡石资源丰富,廉价易得,被广泛用于各类废水的处理.详细综述了海泡石的改性方法、改性条件及其特点,介绍了海泡石及改性海泡石在含铬废水处理中的应用,总结海泡石吸附剂的再生方法.指出海泡石及改性海泡石在含铬废水处理方面需要对吸附去除机理和吸附剂的再生方面深入研究.     

改性海泡石处理含Cr（Ⅵ）废水研究

利用海泡石强大的阳离子交换能力,采用Fe^3＋对海泡石原矿进行改性,制得Fe改性海泡石,将其用于对重金属离子Cr2O7^2-的吸附,考察了pH值、初始浓度、时间、海泡石投加量对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,经FeCl3改性后的海泡石,是一种高效的除Cr2O7^2-材料,提高溶液的pH值,增加溶液中Cr2O7^2-,增加吸附时间,增加海泡石用量,都能不同程度地提高改性海泡石对Cr2O7^2-的吸附效率。     

盐酸改性海泡石对含Ni~(2+)废水处理效果研究

以天然海泡石为原料,以盐酸为改性剂,制备了盐酸改性海泡石并用于含Ni2+废水的处理。以盐酸改性海泡石对Ni2+吸附量为评价指标,考察了吸附时间、反应温度、p H和Ni2+初始质量浓度对实验结果的影响。实验发现,在一定条件下,盐酸改性海泡石对Ni2+的吸附量随着吸附时间、温度、p H与Ni2+初始质量浓度的增加而增加。盐酸改性海泡石对Ni2+的吸附与二级动力学方程(K2=0.627 7,Qe=2.59)和Langmuir等温吸附模型(Qmax=3.34,KL=0.022 6)能够较好拟合。对质量浓度为50 mg/L的含Ni2+废水,在25℃,p H为5,10 g/L盐酸改性海泡石投加量的条件下,所制备的盐酸改性海泡石对Ni2+的饱和吸附量为2.40 mg/g。考察了盐酸改性海泡石对ρ(Ni2+)为68.48 mg/L的某电镀生产废水的处理效果,其最佳实验θ为65℃,p H为6,t为30 min,投加量为30 g/L盐酸改性海泡石,此条件下Ni2+去除率为98.39%。     

无机有机联合改性海泡石对苯的吸附特性研究

室内的苯污染主要由装修、装饰材料引起,苯作为一级致癌物,长时间接触会引起许多慢性疾病,如何降低室内苯污染的问题已越来越受到广泛关注。有研究证明海泡石可用于土壤、水和大气污染治理,因此对提纯海泡石进行了水热改性、酸改性和水热酸浸联合无机改性,而后进行三甲氧基苯基硅烷(PTMOS)有机改性,并对改性海泡石吸附苯的性能和机理进行了研究。研究结果表明:对于水热酸浸联合无机改性,其最佳条件为0.6 MPa水热压力处理8 h后,用体积分数为10%的盐酸处理8 h,得到的海泡石对苯的去除率较原矿提高72.36%;表面有机改性最佳处理条件为PTMOS用量0.3 mmol·g^-1,改性时间为6 h,得到的海泡石对苯的去除率较原矿提高159.03%,表面有机改性得到的海泡石吸附效果最好。三甲氧基苯基硅烷改性海泡石(PTMOS-SP)对苯的吸附适合用Langmuir等温线模型、准二级动力学模型和粒子内扩散模型来描述,苯在PTMOS-SP表面的吸附过程包含三个阶段:外表面扩散阶段、孔隙内扩散阶段和吸附平衡阶段。     

改性海泡石除亚硝酸盐的影响因素实验

用盐酸、氯化铁和焙烧对海泡石进行综合改性,得到高吸附性的改性海泡石;研究了其用于处理亚硝酸盐废水的各种影响因素。结果表明:改性后的海泡石对亚硝酸盐的去除效果明显优于未经改性的海泡石。在室温25℃,pH为9左右,固液比1∶500,吸附时间35 min条件下,亚硝酸根离子的去除率可达到92%,处理后的水质达到国家排放的标准。对数据的方程进行拟合可知,改性海泡石对亚硝酸根离子的吸附较符合Freundlich方程。     

糖类物质改性海泡石复合材料制备方法及应用研究进展

海泡石具有较大的比表面积和优良的吸附性能,而糖类物质及其衍生物分子中含有多种活性基团,直接负载或是经碳化形成的前体材料附着在海泡石表面后,可提供更多可与有机分子结合的位点,从而提高海泡石对各种有机物的吸附性能。为了开辟新的海泡石和糖类物质综合利用途径,以及为有机系海泡石吸附剂复合材料的制备提供新思路,综合评述了海泡石表面改性研究现状、常用于矿物表面改性的糖类物质及其特性、糖类物质改性海泡石复合材料的制备方法及其应用研究进展。在此基础上,提出了糖类物质改性海泡石存在的问题,并指出了未来的研究方向。     

海泡石对蓖麻油脱色工艺的研究

通过酸活化海泡石对蓖麻油进行脱色,研究了干燥温度、干燥时间、脱色温度、脱色时间及脱色剂用量等因素对海泡石吸附脱色性能的影响,确定了最佳活化条件及吸附工艺。该研究表明酸活化海泡石对蓖麻油的脱色效果优于其他传统脱色剂,该研究结论为蓖麻油及其他植物油的脱色剂选择提供一种参考。     

Removal of iron from industrial lean methyldiethanolamine solvent by adsorption on sepiolite

Sepiolite clay was used as an adsorbent for the removal of iron ions from industrial methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) solvent. The raw sepiolite clay was modified by different chemical and thermal treatments, and was characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and BET-specific surface area analysis. Treating sepiolite with nitric acid significantly improved the adsorption capacity of iron ions from lean MDEA. The experimental equilibrium data were represented by Henry, Freundlich, and Langmuir isotherm models. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption of iron ions on sepiolite was spontaneous and endothermic process. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption followed pseudo-second order model.     

Adsorption of diquat, paraquat and methyl green on sepiolite: experimental results and model calculations

Adsorption of the divalent organic cations paraquat (PQ), diquat (DQ) and methyl green (MG) on sepiolite was determined experimentally and investigated with an adsorption model. The largest amounts of DQ, PQ and MG adsorbed were between 100% and 140% of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of sepiolite. In previous experiments with monovalent organic cations (dyes), the largest amounts of dyes adsorbed were about 400% of the CEC of sepiolite. Consequently, it was proposed that most of this adsorption was to neutral sites of the clay. The large differences between the adsorption of these divalent organic cations and the monovalent dyes may indicate that there is almost no interaction between DQ, PQ and MG and the neutral sites of sepiolite. This assumption was confirmed by infrared (IR) spectroscopy measurements, that did not show changes in the peaks arising from the vibrations of external Si---OH groups of the clay when the divalent organic cations were added. Adsorption results were compared with calculations of an adsorption model that combines the Gouy–Chapman solution and specific binding in a closed system. The model considers cation adsorption on neutral sites of the clay, in addition to adsorption to mono- or divalent negatively charged sites, forming neutral or charged complexes. The model could adequately simulate the adsorption of the divalent organic cations DQ and PQ when added alone, and could yield good fit for the competitive adsorption experiment between the monovalent dye methylene blue and DQ. In competitive adsorption experiments, when total cationic charges exceeded the CEC, monovalent organic cations were preferentially adsorbed on the clay at the expense of the divalent cations.     

海泡石吸附果糖的性能研究

研究海泡石对果糖的吸附性能,并与活性炭对其的吸附作对比。同室温条件下考察两种吸附剂的吸附时间、投加量对果糖去除率的影响。结果表明,海泡石的吸附效果明显优于活性炭,前者0．3g几乎就可将50rnL0．1mg／mL标准液中果糖去除干净,而等量此标液,后者2．4g才能达到最大吸附量,且果糖去除率只有前者的一半。综合考虑实际应用,获得了最佳吸附条件。     

Adsorption kinetics of naphthalene onto organo-sepiolite from aqueous solutions

In this study, the adsorption kinetics of naphthalene onto organically modified-sepiolite was investigated by means of the effects of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and temperature. The modification of natural sepiolite was accomplished with a cationic surfactant, which is namely dodecyltrimethylammonium (DTMA) bromide. The surface characterization both natural- and modified-sepiolite were carried out by using FTIR method to observe the intercalation of DTMA between the sepiolite layers. The elemental and thermal analyses were also performed to understand the modification. The optimum pH values and the equilibrium contact time for the adsorption of naphthalene onto DTMA–sepiolite were found as 6 and 75 min, respectively. The kinetic parameters of the adsorption process were calculated from experimental data. According to these parameters, adsorption process follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with the high correlation coefficients (r² = 0.999). The obtained results show that modified-sepiolite is reasonably effective adsorbent for the removal of organic contaminants, which are an important source for the environmental pollutants.