浅谈民用建筑门窗节能技术途径

介绍门窗是民用建筑节能中的薄弱部位,通过浅谈5种门窗节能技术途径,以达到民用建筑门窗节能的目的。     

门窗节能--建筑节能的关键

门窗是建筑绝热的薄弱环节，随着门窗面积的不断扩大，建筑能耗也不断增加，因此门窗的节能研究具有非常重要的意义。文章阐述了门窗节能的重要性，分析了门窗能量损失的方式，提出了门窗节能的措施。     

产品资讯

浙江瑞明节能门窗有限公司 节能铝合金窗；东方顺达窗业集团公司 铝包木门窗；南京博飞塑钢门窗有限公司 828系列铝合金窗（中空玻璃）；北京鑫潮塑钢门窗有限公司 LG好佳喜塑钢门窗；上海阳毅新型门窗有限公司 塑钢门窗；     

门窗节能的3个突破

中国节能门窗发展速度迅猛,新技术、新科技不断涌现。近期,中国节能门窗在玻璃、铝材等技术领域不断取得突破。1玻璃通过门窗的能量损失约占建筑的50%,其中,通过玻璃的能量损失约占门窗的75%。在一定条件下,玻璃的热辐射与传导是导致室内能量损失的主导性因素。     

门窗节能改造的技术经济分析

1现行的门窗节能改造的技术特征既有建筑门窗节能改造有以下几个技术特征:(1)除少数门窗(如窗框已不能再用而需要拆)除需进行整窗改造和原窗需要保留的进行加窗改造之外,绝大多数可以不拆窗框进行节能改造(以下简称节改),这就达到了改造时较少扰民,较低成     

公共建筑玻璃窗的节能设计

门窗与玻璃幕墙是公共建筑节能设计的关键部位.研究表明,通过玻璃的能量损失占建筑能量消耗的第一位.介绍了常见节能玻璃的种类和性能以及常见的节能门窗结构,为建筑设计人员根据当地气象实际情况进行选择使用提供参考.     

节能、环保建材塑钢门窗及填缝剂

通过介绍塑钢门窗优良的保温隔热性能，说明塑钢门窗是目前较为理想的节能、环保建材。同时强调了填缝剂在门窗安装时的作用。     

华南地区城市建筑物防热节能控制指标的选取

根据建筑物热工气候分区及设计特点,对夏热冬暖地区建筑物防热和节能从不同环节进行了详细的分析研究,主要包括建筑物设计本身的体形构造和确定,门窗的材料及窗玻璃材料的选择、建筑物窗墙比例、不同的内外遮阳形式,建筑物墙体材料、墙体外表面处理,屋顶材料和屋顶不同型式的节能效应以及下垫面及绿化植被、水体景观等方面。这些措施是实现建筑防热节能的关键环节,综合这些措施可达到夏热冬暖地区建筑防热节能的热工要求。     

建筑节能在建筑设计中的技术措施

建筑节能在建筑设计中有许多重要环节,本文在墙体节能、门窗节能、屋面节能及供暖系统节能等方面做了分析与研究,提出了相应技术措施。     

德国节能标准演变

欧洲门窗节能的典型代表是德国。德国门窗节能标准变化是中国门窗节能未来的发展方向。德国的传热系数在1995年以前用K值(同中国现在一致),之后改为U值。1977年德国要求型材Kf值不超过3.5 W/m2.k,到1995年降低为1.8 W/m2.k,降低了接近50%;到2002年则要求整窗Uw值不超过1.7 W/m2.k,2009年降低为1.3 W/m2.k。在32年的时间里,德国门窗传热系数减低了     

Fully-Developed Flow in a Furrowed Wavy Channel: Characterization of Unsteady Flow Regimes and Its Effect on Thermal-Hydraulic Performance

Numerical study is done at various Reynolds numbers (100–2000), for periodically fully developed flow and heat transfer in five geometrically different wavy channels. Time signal analysis is done to distinguish various unsteady flow regimes and a flow regime map is proposed; demarcating steady, two types of periodic as well as quasi-periodic, and chaotic flow regimes. Temporal variation of flow structure and Nusselt number as well as friction factor are presented – in the various unsteady regimes – and discussed for a unified cause-and-effect study. Effect of different flow regimes on the thermal-hydraulic performance of wavy as compared to plane channel is presented. Effect of Prandtl numbers (0.01–100) is also studied.     

Gas diffusion layers for PEM fuel cells: Materials,properties and manufacturing – A review

The complexity in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack stems from the fact that numerous physio-chemical processes as well as multi-functional components are involved in its operation. Among the various components a Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) being an integral component that plays a significant role in determining the performance, durability, and the dynamic characteristics, when air is used as oxidant. In addition, it serves as an armour to safeguard the membrane (Nafion), which is a delicate as well as one of the most expensive components of the PEMFC stack. A comprehensive insight on the GDL can help us to assess the fuel cell stack performance and durability. Apparently, the gas (hydrogen and air/oxygen) being converted to the energy in a PEM fuel cell needs to be diffused uniformly for which surface attributes and porosity must also be well interpreted. This review is a comprehensive assessment made on the fundamental mechanism of the diffusion process along with the various materials involved and evaluating their pros and cons. Eventually, the various manufacturing techniques involved in the GDL fabrication process are also reviewed holistically. It is envisaged that the additive manufacturing process can be a potential option to fabricate a GDL in a cost-effective and simple manufacturing approach.     

镍基合金在烟气脱硫技术中的应用

介绍在烟气脱硫（FGD）设备中常用的镍基合金，根据不同类型合金的适应能力选择能经受FGD环境条件的合金，重点是各类合金技术条件的化学成分以满足在低pH值下盐酸溶液中耐蚀性能的要求，同时简述FGD设备中几种有效的镍基合金结构型式和加工制造技术。     

Environmental-impact assessment for the proposed oil-shale integrated tri-generation plant

Air, land and water impacts for a proposed commercial-sized oil-shale integrated tri-generation system (OSITGS) are predicted. A preliminary analysis of the processes incurred was conducted to determine the nature and expected rates of various effluent streams emerging from the OSITGS. Mining and the processing of the oil-shale will significantly disturb the environment, as a result of pollution by dust particles and ash derived from the oil-shale as well as various gaseous emissions from the proposed development. However, it is likely that solid-waste handling (including ultimate disposal) as well as land-use impacts will be of greater concern than emissions to the atmosphere from the proposed oil-shale operations. Preliminary predictions indicate that the proposed integrated process will be financially attractive, as well as an environmentally-acceptable technique for producing synthetic (liquid and gaseous) fuels and electricity from oil-shale, compared with conventional utilisation methods. But significant information gaps exist, so inhibiting the making of accurate environmental assessments concerning the behaviour of the OSITGS at this time.     

Numerical prediction of refrigerant mixtures' condensation inside enhanced surface vertical cylinders

A lumped parameter model has been developed to predict the liquid filmwise condensation of pure refrigerants, as well as refrigerant mixtures, inside vertical cylinder with enhanced surfaces. The mathematical formulation is based on mass, momentum and energy balance. Several constitutive relationships have been established to describe the various phenomena during condensation. Numerical results indicate that the model fairly predicted the liquid filmwise condensation phenomenon, under various conditions.     

发电机组干式负载智能测试系统技术应用

介绍了发电机组干式负载智能测试系统技术,以及发电机组干式负载装置的结构、工作原理等。就所研发的新型发电机组干式负载智能测试系统的关键技术以及性能做了分析和试验验证。试验测试表明:所研发的发电机组干式负载智能测试系统可满足各型发电机组调速特性和负载特性的测试要求,符合国家和行业标准。     

分配联箱气液两相流流型对垂直并联管分配特性的影响

对垂直Ｕ型单联管系统低质量流量的流量分配特性进行了理论和实验研究,获得气叮和气液两质量流量分配特性,以及各分支管的流型记录,分析了分配联箱中流型对流量分配以及各分支管中流的型的影响。     

燃煤锅炉除尘器选型分析

通过对各种除尘器的工作原理,优缺点以及经济技术的指标进行相互比较,从而对燃煤锅炉除尘器的选型提出一些建议,供给有关人员参考.     

土壤源热泵竖直埋管换热器钻孔外传热模型综述

介绍了土壤源热泵竖直埋管换热器钻孔外的传统的无限长线热源模型,无限长圆柱模型,有限长线热源模型以及改进后的热湿传递的线热源模型,变热流的线热源模型,土壤分层的线热源模型。分析了各种模型之间的联系、区别以及优缺点。提出了完善土壤源热泵竖直埋管换热器钻孔外传热模型需进一步研究的内容。