一种低横向效应的压阻式加速度传感器设计北大核心

为了提高传感器的测试精度、抑制传统传感器的横向效应问题,通过改变压阻排布方式设计了一种低横向效应的压阻式加速度传感器。该传感器采用8电阻十字梁结构,电阻全部对称排布在应力变化的线性区,使传感器在满足高灵敏度的同时消除了横向效应。通过有限元仿真分析得出该传感器的灵敏度为0.297 4μV/g,横向灵敏度为零,对封装后的传感器进行了Hopkinson杆冲击测试,横向灵敏度只占工作轴向灵敏度的1.1%,远小于相同结构尺寸下传统四电阻传感器的20.7%,而工作轴向灵敏度基本相同。实验表明,该传感器具有较高的工作轴向灵敏度和极低的横向灵敏度。     

电容式加速度传感器设计及工艺加工北大核心

针对精确制导的应用需求,设计了一种量程为100g"三明治"电容式加速度传感器,通过ANSYS仿真软件在100g及10 000g高过载条件下进行应力分析和模态分析,并通过Matlab分析、优化结构参数从而确定传感器敏感结构的具体尺寸。利用阻抗分析仪分析得到了传感器的静态电容为14.09 pF,结构输出灵敏度为0.281 8 pF/g,传感器的输出灵敏度为13.5μV/g。根据结构特性设计工艺流程并进行关键工艺加工:硅基质量块双面湿法腐蚀、ICP干法刻蚀及玻璃通孔电镀工艺。最终,通过实验验证电容式加速度传感器设计的可行性。     

基于石墨烯超材料的太赫兹五频段折射率传感器

针对目前太赫兹折射率传感器波段单一且灵敏度低的问题,提出一种基于石墨烯超材料的五频段折射率传感器。通过CST电磁仿真软件对传感器结构进行模拟仿真,确定了可以同时提高吸收率和灵敏度的特征尺寸。与传统超材料折射率传感器相比,通过调整石墨烯层的化学势和弛豫时间即可实现石墨烯吸收体的可调谐性。仿真结果表明,该折射率传感器在频率为4.535、6.368 1、8.253、10.395和11.321 THz时达到折射率吸收峰值,吸收率分别为92.2%、99.5%、99.9%、90%和99.1%,且5个波段中最高折射率灵敏度为436 GHz/RIU。与其他折射率传感器相比,该折射率传感器波段多且灵敏度高,具有良好的传感性能,可应用于光学检测、医学成像、生物传感等领域。     

MIM波导结构耦合椭圆八字形谐振腔的折射率传感器

为了进一步提高光学折射率传感器灵敏度,设计了一种金属-介质-金属(MIM)波导结构耦合椭圆八字形谐振腔的折射率传感器。首先,理论分析了该传感结构的原理及关键性能指标;然后,使用有限元分析仿真软件构建了仿真结构,研究其传感性能。仿真结果表明：当a=540 nm、b=340 nm、g=10 nm、l=70 nm时,所设计的传感器的灵敏度可以达到1 323 nm/RIU,对应的品质因数可以达到16。     

基于光纤光栅的杆型二维振动传感器

为了实现两个方向的振动信号检测,提出了一种以杆为弹性结构的二维光纤光栅振动传感器。首先对该传感器进行了理论分析,并推导出其固有频率和灵敏度公式。然后对传感器结构进行了优化仿真,确定各个参数的最终值。最后通过实验研究了传感器的各项性能。实验结果表明,该传感器在x方向上的固有频率为493 Hz,灵敏度为54 pm/g,线性度为99.9%;在y方向上的固有频率为466 Hz,灵敏度为5 pm/g,线性度为97.5%。此外,采用双光纤光栅消除了温度对振动信号测量的影响,温度灵敏度为0.1 pm/°C。该传感器结构简单,可检测两个方向的振动信号,消除了温度的影响,在振动信号检测中表现良好,因此在多维振动信号检测领域具有重要研究意义。     

基于硅桥结构的MEMS磁场传感器

提出了一种基于硅桥结构的MEMS磁场传感器结构。其结构由制作在硅桥敏感膜表面的惠斯通电桥和在膜中间沾上铁磁体制成。当传感器处于磁场中时,铁磁体在外磁场中磁化产生磁力,磁力会使硅敏感膜弯曲从而引起压阻改变进而使惠斯通电桥产生电压输出以达到测量磁场的目的。文章通过有限元软件仿真对铁磁体的尺寸进行了优化。实验结果和理论结果较接近。实验测得该传感器最大灵敏度为48mV/T,分辨率为160μT,该传感器可以用来进行强磁场的测量。实验结果结果表明:传感器的重复性和动态响应时间分别约为0.66%和150ms。     

MEMS压阻超声传感器的设计与优化

提出了一种新的压阻式超声传感器结构,该结构由主振梁和微传感梁组成,在声压的作用下,主振梁振动从而带动微传感梁的振动.通过有限元软件Ansys仿真分析该结构的灵敏度,并与悬臂梁结构压阻式声传感器相比,结果表明灵敏度有了一定的提高.为了实现结构的优化,仿真了结构的尺寸与共振频率的关系,对相同共振频率的结构进行了静力分析,计算并对比了不同尺寸结构的灵敏度,从而得到灵敏度最高的结构,实现了结构的优化.     

基于L型悬臂梁的光纤光栅加速度传感器

为了测量低频小信号,提出了一种基于L型悬臂梁的光纤光栅(FBG)加速度传感器, 并进行了理论分析,推导出了其灵敏度及谐振频率表达公式。为了得出结构的最优参数,根 据理论公式进行了仿真分析得出仿真曲线。根据仿真曲线,选定传感器各个参数,制作出传 感器实物,分别对传感器灵敏度幅频响应,线性响应及横向抗干扰性进行了实验测试,实验 测试出传感器谐振频率280 Hz,在充装硅油阻尼后测量带宽为1Hz－ 240 Hz,测量带宽内响应 曲线平坦度在±1.5 dB以内,灵敏度可达到52 pm/g,线性相关性为99.97%,与理论谐振频 率290 Hz,灵敏度59 pm/g较吻合,表明了理 论分析的正确性,同时传感器具有较好的横向 抗干扰性,横向抗干扰性为4.2%,研究表明此传感器可以应用于低频 小信号场合的振动测试。     

基于双光纤光栅的高灵敏度低频加速度传感器

针对低频振动信号的高精度测量需求,设计了一种基于双光纤光栅的变宽度椭圆铰链式低频加速度传感器.首先建立传感器的结构模型,理论分析了传感器的振动响应特性,给出该传感器的谐振频率及灵敏度的公式.随后搭建了传感单元的数学模型,对传感单元结构的关键尺寸参数进行了优化.另外,利用有限元仿真验证了理论分析结果,最后加工制作了传感器样件,对其进行加速度性能测试.实验结果表明:传感器的谐振频率约为36 Hz,工作频带为0-10 Hz,灵敏度为1496 pm/g.所设计的传感器具有较高的灵敏度、良好的温度补偿能力,能够满足工程中低频振动检测的要求.     

基于折射率调制原理的光纤生物传感器的研制

根据光纤内光强损耗与芯外的环境有效折射率之间的关系,设计了一种结构简单、易于操作、成本低廉、灵敏度较高的折射率调制型的光纤生物传感器.文中对该传感器的结构进行了理论分析,通过对不同浓度葡萄糖溶液的检测,研究了该传感器的传感特性.结果表明:该传感器的检测灵敏度可以达到μmol/L量级,并具有较好的线性特性.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.