半干法烟气脱硫技术研究现状及进展

本文综述了半干法烟气脱硫技术的研究现状，说明了半干法脱硫技术不同脱硫方法的原理及特点，指出了半干法脱硫技，术涛在问题，并对其今后的发展趋势进行了分析，指出投资少，运行费用低，脱硫率高，无污染的脱硫工艺是今后半干法脱硫技术的发展趋势。     

300MW火电机组脱硫系统设备运行中发现问题及相应改造措施及对策

河北大唐国际丰润热电现有2×300MW供热机组，该脱硫采用的是石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫技术。是世界范围内烟气脱硫的主流技术之一，具有脱硫效率较高，投资成本较低，运行可靠性较好，非常适合于大中型锅炉的烟气脱硫，于2009年双机投产。与机组同步建设、投运烟气脱硫系统，采用常见的石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺，设计脱硫效率95%以上。两台脱硫设备运行以来，环保各项指标合格，但在运行中有设备及系统在设计上存在着诸多不合理之处直接威胁着脱硫设备的正常运行及可靠性。为此，为保证脱硫设备长期稳定运行，根据实际，制定了相关改造方案以确保脱硫设备正常稳定运行。     

一种焦炉煤气脱硫工艺流程

本发明提供了一种焦炉煤气脱硫工艺流程的技术方案，该方案是焦炉产生的煤气输给初冷器将煤气降温，然后输给电捕焦油器除尘，再输给脱硫工段脱硫，脱硫煤气进入鼓风机加压，然后输给硫铵工段和后续各工段。脱硫工段中处理煤气的是脱硫工段中的吸收塔，该吸收塔加入由脱硫液输入泵输来的脱硫液，再加入氨水，对煤气进行脱硫，脱硫后的脱硫液由脱硫液排出泵输给再生塔。再生塔对脱硫液排出泵送来的含硫脱硫液与送人的压缩空气进行氧化再生，再生后的脱硫液再经脱硫液输入泵送给吸收塔。压缩空气经氧化后变成再生尾气，由再生塔排出并混入鼓风机煤气输出管道输给硫铵工段。再生塔中产生的硫泡沫液输给缓冲槽，并经缓冲泵输给离心机离心脱硫。     

湿式氧化法脱硫的问题讨论（上）

氮肥生产中对原料气脱硫净化的主要工序是半水煤气脱硫（以下简称半脱）、变换气脱硫（以下简称变脱）及脱碳（兼脱硫功能）和原料气精脱硫。若将脱硫过程分解为单元系统，各系统相对简单，设备及工艺功能也较单一，往往不予重视，因此不少脱硫装置的设计较粗糙，管理不严。以湿式氧化法脱硫为例，脱硫、再生和硫回收等各环节相互制约，互相影响，处理不当会使生产全过程受脱硫的牵制，成为影响生产的瓶颈。     

龙岗22井脱硫塔运行模式研究

本文结合龙岗22井干法脱硫工艺技术，分析了脱硫效果的影响影响因素，研究了龙岗22井脱硫塔的运行模式，并对龙岗22井脱硫工程中可能遇到的问题，并提出了解决办法，以实现降低生产操作成本、脱硫装置安全平稳运行，为龙岗22井千法脱硫工艺提供技术支持。     

高效常温氧化铁脱硫剂的制备

目前，脱除H2S的方法主要有干法和湿法两种，前者比后者工艺简单，操作方便，成本低廉。干法脱硫方法又分为中温脱硫、低温脱硫和常温脱硫。低温脱硫和常温脱硫是目前的发展方向，特别是常温脱硫——如氧化铁、活性炭、分子筛脱硫等方法更是备受重视。活性炭和分子筛脱硫技术的单质硫产率高、     

天然橡胶/脱硫灰复合材料的制备及性能研究

以脱硫灰为补强填料，采用直接共混法制备天然橡胶(NR)/脱硫灰复合材料，研究了不同用量的脱硫灰对NR/脱硫灰复合材料性能的影响。结果表明，脱硫灰可以赋予NR复合材料良好的热稳定性，提高NR复合材料的力学性能，改善NR复合材料的综合性能。将脱硫灰作为一种新型补强填料，对实现脱硫灰的资源再利用具有积极意义。     

柴油脱芳烃有高效催化剂

山西焦化集团有限公司二厂第二回收车间采用改良ADA脱硫液添加OMC脱硫催化剂法替代原湿法ADA脱硫系统，不仅脱硫效果明显好转，还降低了脱硫催化剂消耗，仅原料和催化剂一项就可年节省资金164万元。日前，这项脱硫技术获得公司2009年度有机化工优秀技术成果。     

一种智能高效精准H-SDS烟气脱硫除尘一体化技术

SDS烟气脱硫技术目前广泛应用于焦炉烟气与工业窑炉烟气的治理，在以往实施案例中，SDS烟气脱硫系统的运行往往存在脱硫剂使用量大，脱硫效率不高的情况。湖南安普诺环保科技有限公司针对此问题提出ENPRO专利技术—一种智能高效精准H-SDS烟气脱硫除尘一体化工艺技术，用于解决常规SDS脱硫系统运行过程中出现的以上问题，以保证脱硫体统的正常稳定运行，旨在提高脱硫效率、减少脱硫剂的用量，为企业脱硫系统的运行创造效益。     

脱硫石膏作水泥缓凝剂研究

研究了利用脱硫石膏作水泥缓凝剂的水泥性能以及脱硫石膏的作用机理。研究表明，脱硫石膏中含有一定量的碳酸钙，掺入脱硫石膏，水泥凝结时间正常，对水泥力学性能和安定性有积极作用，可以代替天然石膏用于水泥生产。此外还研究了脱硫石膏的造粒以及使用脱硫石膏给生产企业带来的显著经济效益。     

Electrochemical sulfur dioxide concentrator for flue-gas desulfurization

A small test cell has been designed to investigate the electrochemical removal and concentration of sulfur dioxide from stack gases. The cell is a high temperature molten-salt cell which uses the ternary eutectic of lithium, potassium and sodium sulfates as the electrolyte. Simulated flue-gas having a composition similar to that resulting from burning 3.5% sulfur coal is fed to the cathode, where sulfur dioxide and oxygen are converted to sulfate ion. At the anode, the reverse reaction occurs resulting in a small volume of gas containing up to 50% sulfur oxides.     

Pyrolysis studies on model aromatic sulfur compounds

The incorporation of sulfur into pitches made from dinaphthylenethiophene, dibenzyldisulfide and dibenzothiophene, and the subsequent elimination of sulfur during carbonization were studied. Strained fivemembered rings in the dinaphthalenethiophene system were shown to lead to facile removal of sulfur. The ease of sulfur elimination during the conversion of dibenzyldisulfide into pitch shows the relative instability of sulfur in aliphatic side chains substituted on aromatic rings. The sulfur in dibenzothiophene is stabilized in large polymeric structures which eliminate sulfur only at high temperatures.     

利用固体废物研制新型固硫剂

利用工业废渣研制高温固硫剂是解决中国散煤燃烧污染问题的有效措施,笔者系统地研究了影响固硫效果的因素,通过分析高温固硫剂的固硫机理,研制出以工业废料盐泥及电石渣为原料的新型固硫剂,这种固硫剂既能增加固硫剂的表面积同时也能增强固硫产物的高温稳定性,同时也对固硫添剂对燃煤的煤质的影响进行了研究,主要包括发热量、灰熔点及挥发份。     

Removal of sulfur compounds from canola oil

The effect of a number of physical methods for the removal of sulfur compounds from canola oil was investigated. The methods tested included laboratory deodorization and use of catalyst and of bleaching earth. Nine temperature-time combinations were used for the deodorization. Bleaching earth had little effect on the removal of sulfur compounds from the oil. Other methods removed part of the sulfur. High temperature, longer time and high vacuum for deodorization facilitated the complete removal of volatile sulfur compounds. Treatment of oil with catalyst removed most of the volatile sulfur and part of the Raney nickel sulfur.     

天然气膜法脱硫实验研究

利用膜分离技术对天然气中的H2S进行处理。考察膜两侧压力差、进气流量、气体温度、H2S浓度等操作参数对脱硫效率和烃损失率的影响。结果表明,膜分离技术可以使天然气得到脱硫净化,使硫含量控制在5 mg/m3以内,达到输送或使用标准;但若利用单级膜组件进行脱硫,烃损失率很大,经济性得不到保障。下一步的工作是筛选出分离性能更好的膜进行实验,并进行部分物料循环级联设计,提高烃回收率。     

循环流化床锅炉脱硫分析

根据循环流化床锅炉中掺烧石灰石脱除烟气中ＳＯ_２的问题，介绍了石灰石掺烧量以及由此引起的耗煤量增加的两种计算方法，提出了由于钙的增加，引起冲渣、冲灰循环水系统严重结垢造成堵塞的问题，提示采用干式除尘的必要性。     

In situ desulfurization during combustion of high-sulfur coals added with sulfur capture sorbents

Two Chinese coals, added with two types of sulfur capture sorbents, were combusted in a drop tube furnace to investigate effect of reaction temperature on sulfur removal during coal combustion. Limestone was used as sorbent and mixed with coal physically for sulfur removal. In addition, another sorbent, calcium acetate, synthesized from natural limestone, was also used for in situ removal of sulfur; it was impregnated into raw coals before combustion. The first series of experiments were carried out in the furnace having downside temperature of 1173 K (the upper side of furnace was at 1573 K). The results proved that calcium acetate captured more sulfur than limestone. In order to understand the effect of reaction temperature on in situ sulfur removal of sorbents, the second series of experiments were carried out at the uniform furnace temperature ranged from 1373 to 1673 K. Moreover, the sulfur removal capability of ashes, taken from combustion of coal with sorbents in drop tube furnace, was studied at 1173 K using thermogravity. The calcium distribution in ashes was analyzed using a novel calcium-based compounds CCSEM category. The results indicated that at certain temperature, higher sulfur removal efficiency was obtained for calcium acetate than that for natural limestone, which is mainly due to the fine dispersion of calcium in impregnated coal so that a good contact was obtained between calcium and sulfur-containing coal particles; increasing the temperature lowered the sulfur removal capabilities of sorbents since the sorbents were captured by inherent aluminosilicate; the sulfur content in raw coal affects the utilization of sorbents significantly in coal combustion. In addition, ashes, rich in calcium, can adsorb SO₂ at 1173 K; the sulfur removal efficiency of fly ash is at least the same as that of natural limestone.     

Removal of sulfur compounds from utility pipelined synthetic natural gas using modified activated carbons

Synthetic natural gas (SNG), which is produced from petroleum and distributed via pipeline in Honolulu by The Gas Company, was analyzed using a gas chromatograph equipped with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector (GC/SCD). Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), methyl mercaptan (MM), ethyl mercaptan (EM), dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), tetrahydrothiophene (THT), ethyl disulfide (EDS), and one unidentified compound (UN1) were detected. Among these sulfur compounds, THT is added as an odorant and was present in the highest concentration.A commercial activated carbon (Calgon OLC plus 12X30) was modified by oxidation and impregnation methods and the resulting materials were evaluated for their ability to adsorb sulfur compounds present in SNG. The evaluation results indicate that all of the modification methods can improve the retention of individual sulfur compounds or the total sulfur capacity compared with the untreated virgin carbon. It is also found that activated carbons impregnated with metal impurities have different selectivity for sulfur compounds. Cu and Zn loaded carbons had the highest capacity for H₂S removal, Fe loaded carbon was more efficient for DMS removal (the most difficult S compound to remove), and carbon oxidized by HNO₃ was the best for THT removal.Based on these findings, a composite sorbent consisting of Cu loaded and Fe loaded carbons was designed and tested. The test results indicate that the composite sorbent had improved performance in the removal of individual sulfur compound. A linear programming model was used to design a composite sorbent optimized to minimize the required sorbent mass based on a 1-kW scale fuel cell system service target. Validation tests showed that the optimized sorbent required less of the individual modified carbon components than when they were individually used for the same sulfur removal target.     

锂硫电池正极复合材料研究现状

锂硫电池由于其高理论能量密度(2600W·h/kg)而受到了广泛的关注,是极具应用前景的电池体系.硫基正极材料作为锂硫电池的重要组成部分,是提高电池性能的关键.然而锂硫电池还存在一些问题,如硫的利用率低及正极结构的稳定性差等.本文综述了近几年锂硫电池硫正极复合材料的研究现状,分别从硫/碳复合、硫/导电聚合物复合、硫/氧化物复合3个方面进行介绍,指出了未来锂硫电池正极材料要注意结合硫/导电聚合物及硫/氧化物的优势并注重材料结构的设计,向核壳或类核壳结构方向发展的趋势,同时还要提高载硫量,提高循环稳定性,以获得高性能的锂硫电池.     

超声波辐射下煤中有机硫的脱除

考察了在甲醇溶剂中 ,超声波辐射下煤中有机硫的脱除。结果表明 :煤中有机硫的脱除率随着碘甲烷用量和超声波辐射时间的增加而增加。根据红外光谱仪和气相色谱 质谱联用分析仪分析结果 ,被脱除的有机硫包括硫醚和二硫化物。应用此工艺从青海煤和伊朗煤中还可脱除噻吩形态的有机硫。