PA11/白炭黑纳米复合材料等温结晶动力学的研究

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了原位聚合尼龙11/白炭黑纳米复合材料的等温结晶行为,并应用Avrami方程分析了其等温结晶动力学过程。结果表明,纳米白炭黑对尼龙11基体起到异相成核作用,使其原位纳米复合材料动力学常数变大。Hoffman成核结晶理论计算结果表明,原位纳米复合材料的Kg大于尼龙11且随着纳米含量的增加而增加,说明纳米白炭黑阻碍了尼龙11分子链的运动,同时尼龙11有晶核生长占主导地位逐渐向成核机制占主导地位转变。     

纳米二氧化硅/MC尼龙6原位复合材料非等温结晶动力学的研究

通过阴离子开环聚合法制备了纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)／MC尼龙6原位复合材料。采用差示扫描量热法研究了MC尼龙6及其原位纳米复合材料的非等温结晶行为；并利用修正Avrami方程的Jeziomy和Liu法进一步处理原位纳米复合材料的非等温结晶动力学。结果表明，在纳米SiO2／MC尼龙6原位复合材料中，纳米SiO2对基体MC尼龙6的结晶有一定的成核作用，并提高了其结晶速率。     

纳米二氧化硅／MC尼龙6原位复合材料非等温结晶动力学

通过阴离子开环聚合法制各纳米二氧化硅／MC尼龙6原位复合材料,采用差示扫描量热法研究MC尼龙6及其原位纳米复合材料非等温结品行为,并利用修正Avrami方程的Jeziomy和Liu的方法进一步处理原位纳米复合材料的非等温结晶动力学,结果表明在纳米二氧化硅／MC尼龙6原位复合材料中,纳米二氧化硅对基体MC尼龙6的结晶有一定的成核作用,并提高了其结品速率。     

MC尼龙6/TiO2原位纳米复合材料的制备及表征

利用阴离子原位聚合法制备了铸型尼龙6(MC尼龙6)／TiO2原位纳米复合材料,并对其结构与性能进行了表征。透射电子显微镜观察表明,TiO2以纳米级均匀分散于MC尼龙6中,其含量小于1份时近乎单分散,大于1份时则开始团聚。差示扫描量热法和X射线衍射法分析结果表明,纳米TiO2对MC尼龙6的结晶起到了异相成核作用,提高了MC尼龙6的结晶温度,但不改变MC尼龙6的α晶型结构;退火处理结果表明,高温退火或加入纳米TiO2,都有利于MC尼龙6基体中α晶型的生成,加快γ晶向α晶的转变。热重分析和力学性能测试表明,纳米TiO2提高了复合材料的热稳定性,其拉伸强度、冲击强度等也得到了不同程度的提高。     

MC尼龙/Dy_2O_3纳米复合材料非等温结晶动力学

采用差示扫描量热法研究铸型(MC)尼龙/Dy_2O_3纳米复合材料的非等温结晶行为,并利用Caze法和Mo法对结晶动力学进行分析,运用Kissinger方法计算MC尼龙的结晶活化能.结果表明,纳米Dy_2O_3起到异相成核的作用,使MC尼龙的结晶峰温升高,结晶总速率增大;添加纳米Dy_2O_3使MC尼龙的结晶活化能增大.     

纳米SiO_2/MC尼龙6原位复合材料等温结晶行为的研究

将纳米SiO2均匀分散在己内酰胺单体熔体中,采用阴离子开环聚合法制备了纳米SiO2/单体浇铸(MC)尼龙6原位复合材料。通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、Avrami方程、Lauritizen-Hoffmann方程对复合材料的等温结晶行为进行了研究。结果表明:纳米SiO2的引入改变了基体MC尼龙6的成核机理和生长方式;低含量的纳米SiO2阻碍了MC尼龙6的结晶行为,高含量的纳米SiO2降低了MC尼龙6的结晶活化能,提高了其球晶生长速率,并促进了其结晶行为。     

MCPA6/纳米TiO2原位复合材料的熔融行为

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了铸型尼龙6(MCPA6)及其纳米TiO2原位复合材料的等温结晶与非等温结晶晶体的熔融行为。结果表明：MCPA6／纳米TiO2原位复合材料等温结晶晶体的熔融行为呈现三重熔融峰，非等温结晶晶体的熔融行为呈现二重熔融峰；其高温熔融峰温随等温结晶温度或降温速率的变化基本不变，而低温熔融峰温则随等温结晶温度的升高或降温速率的减小而提高；纳米TiO2的加入对MCPA6有一定的成核作用，使其熔点提高。     

MC尼龙6/纳米TiO2原位复合材料性能研究

通过阴离子原位聚合法制备了MC尼龙6／纳米TiO2复合材料，采用透射电子显微镜观察了纳米TiO2在复合材料中的分散形态，并研究了纳米TiO2含量对复合材料的热稳定性和力学性能的影响。结果表明：在纳米TiO2质量分数低于2％时，纳米TiO2能较均匀地分散在复合材料中，对复合材料同时具有增强和增韧的作用；纳米TiO2的加入提高了复合材料热稳定性，使MC尼龙6的起始降解温度提高2～3℃，最大失重速率温度大幅度提高，并随纳米TiO2用量的增加而升高。     

PPES／MC尼龙6原位复合材料的制备与表征

利用己内酰胺(CL)单体,采用阴离子原位聚合方法制得了聚芳醚砜(PPES)/MC尼龙6复合材料.FTIR分析结果表明.PPES与己内酰胺之间存在一定的氢键相互作用,使得PPES在己内酰胺熔体中能够很好地溶解.SEM结果表明PPES在MC尼龙6基体中能够较好地分散.差示扫描量热法和X射线衍射法分析结果表明复合材料中PPES对MC尼龙6的结晶起异相成核作用,提高了MC尼龙6的结晶温度,但不改变MC尼龙6的α晶型结构.TG结果表明PPES的加入提高了复合材料的热稳定性能.     

铸型PA 6/TiO2纳米复合材料的非等温结晶行为

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了铸型聚酰胺(PA)6/TiO2纳米复合材料在不同冷却速率下的非等温结晶行为,并用Jeziomy法、Ozawa法和Mo法对DSC测定结果进行了处理。结果表明：纳米TiO2对铸型PA6起到异相成核的作用,提高了铸型PA6的结晶速率和结晶峰温,缩短了半结晶时间。3种方法对比后发现：Ozawa法不适用于铸型PA6及其纳米复合材料非等温结晶动力学的处理,Jeziomy法基本适合,而Mo法最适合。采用Kissinger法计算出铸型PA6及其TiO2纳米复合材料的结晶活化能,发现纳米粒子提高了铸型PA6的结晶活化能．说明纳米TiO2阻碍了铸型PA6的分子链在结晶时的运动。     

有机化纳米SiO2填充改性尼龙6复合材料的研究

通过酰氯化法制备了有饥化的纳米SiO2，用熔融共混法制备了尼龙6／有机化纳米SiO2复合材料，研究了复合材料的力学性能和结晶形态。研究表明：有机化纳米SiO2的加入能够提高尼龙6的拉伸强度和冲击强度，改性效果明显好于未经表面处理的纳米SiO2；偏光显微镜照片显示，有机化纳米SiO2的加入起到了异相成核的作用，使尼龙6的结晶形态发生了改变，由大的球晶变为细小的晶粒。     

Transcrystalline morphology of nylon 6 on the surface of aramid fibers

In this paper, the isothermal crystallization of nylon 6 in the presence of Kevlar 129 fiber was investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM). The formation of a transcrystalline domain was found to be mainly controlled by crystallization conditions, such as the temperature of the isothermal crystallization, residual time at melting temperature and the cooling rate of the melt. The nucleation rate of nylon 6 on the fibers was mainly affected by the crystallization temperature. The interfacial transcrystallinity of nylon 6 occurred on the surface of Kevlar 129 fiber in the temperature range 130–190 °C. The reason for the formation of interfacial transcrystalline morphology is discussed from the molecular level, based on the understanding of the packing mode of nylon 6 chains around fibers and the interaction between matrix and fibers. It was found that the lattice matching and hydrogen‐bonding between nylon 6 and poly(p‐phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) crystals play an important role in the epitaxial crystallization. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Prediction of isothermal crystallization parameters in monomer cast nylon 6

A three-dimensional cellular automaton (CA) model is applied to simulate isothermal crystallization of monomer casting (MC) nylon 6. The kinetics is formulated based on the Kim and Kim's rate theory for spherulite expansion. The probability of distribution of crystalline nuclei and impinging were determined by Monte Carlo method. The spherulite impinging was considered in the simulation through the deduction of overlay of spherulite volume. The number of spherulite nuclei and bulk density of MC nylon 6 after completing crystallization, easily obtained from experiment, were used as input data, allowing one to make predictions on a real time and space scale. Finally, the model was verified by quantitative comparison between the simulation results in this work and experimental data in literatures.     

Kinetics of isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization of nylon 1313

The crystallization process of a new polyamide, nylon 1313, from the melt has been thoroughly investigated under isothermal and nonisothermal conditions. During isothermal crystallization, relative crystallinity develops in accordance with the Avrami equation with the exponent n ≈ 2 based on DSC analysis. Under nonisothermal conditions, several different analysis methods were used to elucidate the crystallization process. The Avrami exponent n is greater in the isothermal crystallization process, indicating that the mode of nucleation and the growth of the nonisothermal crystallization for nylon 1313 are more complicated, and that the nucleation mode might include both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation simultaneously. The calculated activation energy is 214.25 kJ/mol for isothermal crystallization by Arrhenius form and 135.1 kJ/mol for nonisothermal crystallization by Kissinger method, respectively. In addition, the crystallization ability of nylon 1313 was assessed by using the kinetic crystallizability parameters G. Based on this parameter, the crystallizability of many different polymers was compared theoretically. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 1415–1422, 2007