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黄曲霉毒素与食品污染   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
食品污染包括很多,黄曲霉毒素的污染是其中比较突出的一种。就黄曲霉毒素在中国食品的污染和监测情况,及有关黄曲霉毒素预防控制措施进行简要评述。  相似文献   

3.
为了解我国食品中黄曲霉毒素B1(Aflatoxin B1,AFB1)和柄曲霉素(Sterigmatocystin,STC)污染情况,采集自我国大陆地区1137份的食品样品以及室温储存1-2年的米份样品315份,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法分析其中AFB1和STC的含量。检测结果显示食品中AFB1检出率范围为0%-40%,谷物类和谷物基加工品检出率分别为0.2%和7.8%;坚果检出率为8.7%,其中有两份样品中AFB1含量超标,啤酒中AFB1的检出率为0%。STC检出率为12.9%,平均含量为0.39 μg/kg,谷物类、谷物基加工品、坚果和啤酒中检出率分别为2.6%,28.3%,4.3%和0%。相比于所采集的超市和农贸市场样品,室温储存1-2年的米粉样品中AFB1和STC的阳性率均较高,分别为4.4%和84.8%,平均含量为0.84和2.38 μg/kg。  相似文献   

4.
云南省十县市粮油食品黄曲霉毒素B1污染调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
黄曲霉毒素B1是一种强烈的致癌物质,自20世纪60年代初在英国发现以来,全世界有不少食用霉变食品引起人类中毒的报道。流行病学调查发现肝癌发病率在地区上的分布与当地粮油食品受黄曲霉毒素污染程度有密切关系,在污染严重的地区,肝癌发病率较高。我站在我省十个县市采集花生、花生油、玉米等样品137件进行黄曲霉毒素B1的检测结果如下。  相似文献   

5.
用甲醇-水(55:45)、三氯甲烷、苯-乙腈(98:2)等有机溶剂作为提取剂,用三氟乙酸作衍生剂,通过带荧光检测器的高效液相色谱仪测定食品中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量。结果表明,该方法的线性回归关系良好,方程为y=3.10x-0.63,相关系数r=0.9999。不同样品中黄曲霉毒素B1回收率为84.2%-86.9%,平均变异系数RSD=6.09%。在总共150份检测的玉米、大米和花生样品中,黄曲霉毒素B1总的检出率为82.0%,总的超标率仅为6%,但不同样品中黄曲霉毒素B1含量的变幅较大(0-485.34μg/kg)。  相似文献   

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在遵循实验测定原理,不影响测定结果的前提下,对样品的前处理,提取的过程、测定的方式进行适当的改变和调整,并利用黄曲霉毒素B1的特性进行确证,从而对干红辣椒中的黄曲霉毒素B1进行定性,定量分析,效果明显,结果满意。  相似文献   

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欧嵩凤 《中国油脂》2021,46(6):94-97
对南宁市食用植物油中AFB1的污染现状进行分析,评估AFB1对居民造成的健康风险。按照GB 5009.22—2016的检测方法对2013—2019年南宁市525份食用植物油进行AFB1含量检测,运用暴露限值(MOE)法评估经摄入食用植物油暴露于AFB1的健康风险。结果表明:525份食用植物油中AFB1总检出率为75.0%,总超标率为26.9%;花生油中AFB1平均含量(30.6 μg/kg)、检出率(768%)、超标率(28.1%)均高于其他食用植物油;食用植物油中,超标率最高和最低的来源分别是农贸市场(31.8%)和商店(8.4%);散装花生油的AFB1平均含量(34.2 μg/kg)、检出率(816%)、超标率(31.5%)高于定型包装的;经摄入花生油暴露于AFB1的MOE是其他植物油的1/49,花生油健康风险较高;采自农贸市场的食用植物油MOE最小,采自商店的最大;定型包装花生油MOE是散装花生油的31倍,健康风险小于散装花生油。综上可知,南宁市食用植物油中AFB1检出率较高,散装花生油的健康风险较大。应加强农贸市场销售的食用植物油以及全市散装花生油的监管力度,优先做好风险管理措施。  相似文献   

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为了解母乳中黄曲霉毒素M1的污染状况,并为控制我国母乳中黄曲霉毒素M1的污染和降低对婴幼儿的危害提供借鉴和依据,本文从研究对象及采样、污染状况、对健康的影响等方面进行了综述。  相似文献   

9.
乳酸菌对黄曲霉毒素B1吸附作用的研究   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
为研究生物防霉去毒,探讨了乳酸菌吸附黄曲霉毒素B1的强度及被吸附的黄曲霉毒素B1的致突变性。将乳酸菌细胞与黄曲霉毒B1在生理盐水中相混合,在37℃振荡培养60min和120min后检测生理盐水中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量,同时利用Ames试验检测被吸附的黄曲霉毒素B1的致突变性。结果表明,在使用的8株乳酸菌中,乳酸菌结合黄曲霉毒素B1的强度在4%—50%之间,其中干酪乳杆菌干酪亚种CCMCCl.539吸附黄曲霉毒素B,能力最强。Ames试验表明,被结合的黄曲霉毒素B1仍有较强的致突变性。  相似文献   

10.
目的评估云南省部分食品中黄曲霉毒素B1(aflatoxinB1,AFB1)膳食暴露风险。方法结合2012~2017年云南省部分地区市售大米及其制品、玉米及其制品等6类主要食品的黄曲霉毒素B1含量数据,以及本省营养监测消费量数据,采用点评估方法对云南省居民AFB1暴露水平进行评估。结果云南省全人群来源于6类食品的AFB1暴露量为1.02×10-3μg/kgbw,其中来源于大米的AFB1暴露量最高,占总暴露量的50.98%,其次是玉米及其制品,占18.63%。总暴露量为大城市贫困农村中小城市一般农村;云南省居民AFB1膳食暴露量对肝癌发病率的贡献为0.040/10万人;各地区居民暴露边界比(margin of exposure, MOE)值介于144.07~180.85之间。结论云南省AFB1污染状况相对良好,仍需持续关注; 6类食物中大米、玉米是云南省AFB1的主要暴露来源。  相似文献   

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The objective of the study was to assess the amount of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) during fermentation, drying, and storage of Tarkhineh—a traditional Persian fermented food—over four months. Tarkhineh samples were produced based on a traditional method. Various concentrations of AFB1 (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 µg/kg) and AFM1, stood at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 µg/kg, were added to Iranian yogurt drink, called doogh, samples. Tarkhineh samples were evaluated for AFB1 and AFM1 on days 0, 2, 6, and 8 and also after drying and four months of storage. In cases of repeatability, recovery, and reproducibility, the high-performance liquid chromatography through fluorescence detector (HPLC-FD) method was successfully done to demonstrate aflatoxins (AFs) in Tarkhineh samples. The fermentation process had a considerable consequence on the reduction in AFM1 and AFB1 as compared to the control group, evidenced by 65.10%–81.20% and 55.80%–74.10%, respectively, after eight days of fermentation (p < .05). The highest reduction in AFB1 existed in samples containing 2.5 µg/kg toxin, followed by 5, 7.5, and 10 µg/kg, respectively. A similar trend was found for AFM1, as the highest concentration was found in samples containing 0.25 µg/kg toxin, followed by 0.5, 0.75, and 1 µg/kg, respectively.  相似文献   

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为了解山东省市售花生及其制品中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)污染状况,评估其暴露水平及潜在的健康风险,并为有关部门采取控制措施提供依据,2015—2020年于山东省16市生产环节、流通环节(农贸市场、商店)随机采集花生、花生酱、花生油共计246份样品,采用高效液相色谱-柱后衍生法测定其AFB1含量,计算AFB1平均膳食暴露量和暴露限值(MOE),评估山东省市售花生及其制品中AFB1膳食暴露风险。结果表明,花生及其制品中AFB1总检出率为28.46%,不合格率为7.72%。花生酱和花生油中AFB1检出率显著高于花生;散装花生酱、花生油中AFB1检出率显著高于预包装产品;一般消费居民通过花生、花生酱和花生油AFB1平均膳食暴露量分别为0.01、0.61、1.09 ng/(kg·d),肝癌发病风险分别为0.000、0.019、0.034例/10万人,其MOE分别为30 500、500和280;高消费居...  相似文献   

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BACKGROUND: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is an important coarse cereal crop grown for grain and fodder in the semi‐arid Tropics, mainly in Asian and African countries. In India sorghum is consumed as human food and poultry feed. Sorghum grain grown in the rainy season (kharif) is becoming severely affected by grain moulds, the major fungi involved being Aspergillus, Fusarium and Curvularia. If the extent of mould is severe, the grain is unsafe for consumption owing to contamination by mycotoxins. RESULTS: This paper presents a multi‐centre study conducted in sorghum to evaluate natural contamination of aflatoxin B1 in India. A total of 1606 grain sorghum samples were collected during the rainy (kharif) season across 4 years from seven states of India, representing different geographical regions of the country. Aflatoxin B1 contamination during 2007–08 was the highest (13.1%), followed by samples from the year 2004–05 (2.85%). The samples collected in years 2005–06 and 2006–07 showed contamination below 1%. The number of samples (35) showing aflatoxin B1 contamination above the safety limit was also highest during 2007–08 as compared to samples from the other years. CONCLUSION: This study, conducted for 4 years, showed that natural contamination of aflatoxin B1 in sorghum grown in India is within safety limits (20 µg kg?1) recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Committee and 73% of samples were positive for toxin. However, 0.75% (12) of total samples contained aflatoxin above the safety limit. The overall occurrence of toxin from Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan was below 5 µg kg?1. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

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应用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用技术(UPLC-MS/MS),在多反应离子检测(MRM)方式下对食品中的黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和M1(AFM1)污染量进行检测.样品经乙腈-水混合试剂提取,中性氧化铝柱净化,经Agilem ZORBAX Eclipse plus C18色谱柱(100 mm×4.6 mm,1.8 μm),以甲醇和10 mmol/L NH4Ac溶液(含0.1%的甲酸)为流动相洗脱分离,以MRM方式进行定量分析.AFB1和AFM1分别在0.12~6.12 μg/L和0.11~2.28 μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相对标准偏差(RSD)<5%,加标回收率为81.3%~97.2%.该方法具有低成本、准确、快速、简便、灵敏度高等优点,可满足我国对AFB1和AFM1检测限要求.  相似文献   

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The present study was designed to assess the incidence of aflatoxin contamination in animal feed and raw milk samples (total 240 each) collected from dairy farms during the complete year of 2015. These samples were collected through a cluster random sampling technique by dividing the province of Punjab, Pakistan into five clusters (north, south, east, west and central). Factors (environmental & physical) affecting aflatoxin contamination in milk and animal feed at farms were also studied. The AFM1 levels in raw milk & AFB1 levels in feed samples were analyzed by using the ELISA technique. Results demonstrated that overall about 53% raw milk samples from dairy farms were contaminated beyond the US MRL (0.50 µg/L) for AFM1 with than average level of 0.59 µg/L, while the 95% farm feed samples were exceeding the FDA MRL (20 µg/kg) of AFB1 with average level of 43 µg/kg. During winter season, the concentration of AFM1 was higher in all clusters with avg 0.68 µg/L, while the AFB1 contamination was highest in the spring season with avg 54 µg/kg. Market feed prices had negative correlation with AFB1 contamilevels, which were further supported by the positive correlation between quantity of feed at farms with AFM1 and AFB1 contamination. Results exhibited significantly positive impact of environmental factors on milk and feed aflatoxin contamination levels, whereas temperature showed an inverse relationship with AFM1 and AFB1 levels. The study recommends need of synergistic extension work to support dairy farms and highlight the contamination levels for regulatory bodies to introduce strategic policies for control measures.  相似文献   

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A survey for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was conducted on 88 food-grade rice samples randomly collected during July and August 2002 in Seoul, Korea. The presence of AFB1 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the positive samples from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were confirmed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Besides this, from the surveying data from the literature published since 1997, the intake of AFB1 from food in Korea was calculated and compared with the provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes. Naturally occurring AFB1 was found in 5/88 (6%) samples of rice with an average of 4.8 ng g-1. A calculated probable daily intake of AFB1 for Koreans fell into the range 1.19-5.79 ng kg-1 bw day-1, hence exceeding the estimated provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes. In conclusion, the exposure of Koreans to AFB1 could bring about health concerns. This is the first report discovering that rice is the major contributor to the dietary intake of AFB1 in Korea.  相似文献   

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热处理对玉米粉中黄曲霉毒素B1含量变化的影响   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
张超 《中国粮油学报》2012,27(11):10-13
黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)是霉菌的次级代谢产物,是玉米的主要污染物之一,对人类和家畜的健康均有较大危害。研究热处理对玉米粉中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)含量变化的影响,建立玉米粉中AFB1含量变化与处理条件的动力学模型。试验结果显示在热处理过程中,玉米粉中AFB1的残留率随着处理温度的升高而降低,随着处理时间的延长而降低。依据阿伦尼乌斯方程,玉米粉中AFB1含量变化属于一级反应,其活化能为42.2 kJ/mol,在100~200℃范围内,该模型可以有效预测玉米粉中AFB1在热处理过程中含量变化规律,模型预测值与实测值相关系数高于0.80。  相似文献   

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