一个新的动态口令认证方案

介绍并分析了S／KEY口令认证方案和非对称口令认证方案,针对它们无法抵御劫取连接攻击等安全缺陷,在充分吸收它们设计思想的基础上,提出了一个新的动态口令认证方案,给出了具体注册过程、认证过程及参数选择,并进行了安全性分析。分析可得,新方案可抵御劫取连接等攻击。     

动态口令认证方案的研究与改进

研究了动态口令技术,分析了文献[1]中的一个可抵御劫取连接攻击的新的动态口令认证方案,原方案中由于对关键信息gPINIIPW的保护不够,尽管方案中的口令是动态的,但实际上原方案不能抵抗冒充服务器攻击.利用Diffie-Hellman密钥交换算法对原方案进行了修改,修改后的方案克服了原方案存在的安全漏洞,保留了原方案的所有安全特性,具有更高的安全性,并且降低了计算量.     

简单易行的S/KEY认证改进方案

分析了传统S/KEY一次性口令(OTP)认证方案及现有的改进方案存在的缺陷与不足,提出了一种新的S/KEY认证改进方案。该方案以用户口令PW哈希值作为验证因子实现了双向认证,通过增加消息的完整性保护防止关键消息被伪造,并具备原有方案简单易行的特性,能有效抵御重放攻击、小数攻击和冒充攻击。     

远程动态口令认证方案的研究与改进

研究了动态口令技术,分析了文献[1]中的一个远程动态口令认证方案,发现原方案不能抵抗劫取连接攻击.对原方案进行了修改,修改后的方案克服了原方案存在的安全漏洞,保留了原方案的所有安全特性,具有更高的安全性.     

一种基于ECC的一次性口令身份认证方案

身份认证机制是网络安全的第一道防线,一次性口令(OTP)技术是不需要第三方参与的身份认证技术,但其本身存在安全漏洞。介绍了一次性口令认证技术的原理,并分析了S/Key一次性口令系统不能抵御冒充攻击以及存在小数攻击等局限性。基于ECC密码体制,对现有的一次性口令系统进行了改进,提出一种可以进行双向认证的一次性口令认证方案。此方案能够进行双向的身份验证,有效地防止了冒充攻击、重放攻击和小数攻击,从而提高了认证系统的安全性。     

一种增强的智能卡口令认证方案

Hwang等人提出了基于ElGamal算法的智能卡口令认证方案,其安全性依赖于计算有限域上离散对数的难度。Chan等人分析了该方案的安全缺陷,并进行了改进。最近,Awasthi等人指出了改进方案中的安全缺陷,并提出了一种新方案,但新方案仍然存在缺陷。针对新方案的缺陷,基于“一次一密”和“动态口令”,提出了一种增强的智能卡口令认证方案。该方案允许用户自由选择口令,能够抵御重放攻击、内部攻击,能双向认证,具备强安全修复性。     

一种基于ECC的一次性口令身份认证方案

身份认证机制是网络安全的第一道防线,一次性口令(OTP)技术是不需要第三方参与的身份认证技术,但其本身存在安全漏洞.介绍了一次性口令认证技术的原理,并分析了S/Key一次性口令系统不能抵御冒充攻击以及存在小数攻击等局限性.基于ECC密码体制,对现有的一次性口令系统进行了改进,提出一种可以进行双向认证的一次性口令认证方案.此方案能够进行双向的身份验证,有效地防止了冒充攻击、重放攻击和小数攻击,从而提高了认证系统的安全性.     

Ku-Chien远程身份认证方案的安全性分析

Ku－Chien远程身份认证方案是一种使用智能卡、低开销、实用的口令认证方案。本文分析了Ku－Chien方案的安全性，指出了Ku－Chien方案的安全缺陷：不能抵御并行会话攻击和伪造主机攻击。分析了产生安全缺陷的原因：登陆阶段用户计算出的秘密信息和认证阶段远程主机计算出的秘密信息具有类似的结构。最后，利用口令更改计数器，给出了一种改进的口令认证方案。该方案允许用户自主选择并更改口令，实现了双向认证；能够抵御重放攻击、内部攻击，具备强安全修复性；能够抵御并行会话攻击和伪造远程主机攻击。     

一次性口令认证方案的研究与改进

研究了动态口令技术,分析了文献[4]中一个简单的一次性口令认证方案,发现原方案不能抵御冒充服务器攻击并且认证信息以明文方式进行传输,通过引入公钥加密算法对原方案进行改进,改进的方案不仅能防止重放攻击,而且能够抵御冒充服务器攻击,具有更高的安全性。     

对两个基于智能卡的口令认证协议的安全性分析

身份认证是确保信息系统安全的重要手段,基于智能卡的口令认证协议由于实用性较强而成为近期研究热点。采用基于场景的攻击技术,对最近新提出的两个基于智能卡的口令认证协议进行了安全性分析。指出“对Liao等身份鉴别方案的分析与改进”(潘春兰,周安民,肖丰霞,等.对Liao等人身份鉴别方案的分析与改进.计算机工程与应用,2010,46(4):110-112)中提出的认证协议无法实现所声称的抗离线口令猜测攻击;指出“基于双线性对的智能卡口令认证改进方案”(邓粟,王晓峰.基于双线性对的智能卡口令认证改进方案.计算机工程,2010,36(18):150-152)中提出的认证协议无法抗拒绝服务(DoS)攻击和内部人员攻击,且口令更新阶段存在设计缺陷。分析结果表明,这两个口令认证协议都存在严重安全缺陷,不适合安全需求较高的应用环境。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。