迭代检测算法在比特交织编码调制系统中的比较研究

迭代检测技术不仅局限于在传统的级联码系统中的应用,还可用于解决现代数字通信中的许多检测／译码问题。随着Turbo码的出现,人们对迭代译码算法进行深入研究,并提出一些简化译码算法。比特交织编码调制及迭代检测（bit—interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding,BICMID）是一种高效数据传输系统。比特交织和迭代译码是BICM—ID系统具有卓越性能的关键因素,译码算法的选择不仅影响接收机的性能,也决定了系统的复杂度。文中研究迭代译码算法对BICM—ID系统性能的影响,分析各种译码算法的计算复杂度。仿真结果表明log-APP算法有好的性能同时复杂度也高,简化的译码算法能降低译码器的复杂度,但会带来一定的性能损失;随着信道条件的改善,算法简化带来的性能损失也随之减小。     

一种应用于DMB-T的基于RS码软判决译码的级联码方案

结合DMB—T系统的信道编码方案以及编码领域的最新进展,即RS码软判决译码算法的发展,提出了一种应用于DMB-T系统基于和积算法(SPA)的RS码软判决译码的级联码方案。该方案仅需在现有方案的基础上作少量调整即可获得可观的编码增益。和其它流行的软判决译码算法的比较表明,此方案提出的RS码软判决译码算法在DMB-T系统的应用中具有一定的优势。     

一种适用于BICM-ID系统的迭代载波同步算法

在比特交织编码调制迭代译码(BICM-ID)系统中,针对低信噪比条件下传统的同步算法对频偏和相差估计精度较低的问题,提出了一种码辅助的迭代载波同步算法。该算法基于最大期望(EM)算法,并在此基础上加以改进,利用译码器输出的软信息,迭代的在载波同步和译码之间相互交换信息,实现同步和译码的联合处理。仿真结果表明,在译码器收敛的允许范围之内,提出的算法能够大幅提高同步参数的估计精度,在迭代次数达到8次时,BICM-ID系统的误比特率性能基本接近理想同步条件下的译码性能。     

Turbo乘积码梯度译码算法研究

Turbo乘积码(简称TPC码)是一类采用简单的行列交织器将分组码进行串行级联而构成的纠错码.文中针对二进制turbo乘积码提出了一种快速的软判决译码算法一梯度译码算法.该算法是以迭代Chase算法为基础,通过利用chase算法上次迭代译码而得到的每行(或列)最优判决码D(m-1)来代替竞争码字C,节省了寻找C的过程,从而简化了外信息和软输出的计算.仿真结果表明:梯度算法能在基本保持turbo乘积码的Chase算法译码性能基础上,提高了译码速度,降低了译码复杂度.     

RS/LT级联编码在DVB广播中的应用

提出了一种改进的RS/LT级联编码构造方法,并分析了其在基于DVB广播中的应用.分析了RS-LT级联编码相对传统LT码在提高可译码概率方面的优点.仿真结果表明,该方法提高了LT码在相同编码冗余度下的可译码概率,降低了LT码在一定可译码概率下的编码冗余度要求.应用RS/LT级联码方法,可以减小DVB广播中因为媒体流失同步而导致的画面阻塞,具有很好的应用前景.     

乘积码迭代译码算法研究

介绍了在分组码的软输入软输出译码基础上以扩展BCH码为子码的乘积码的迭代译码算法,提出了在高带宽利用率调制方式下的算法应用方式,并给出了仿真结果。最后与传统的并联卷级码代译码方案比较,发现在高编码效率时,乘积码迭代译码方案有着较好的应用性。     

多层叠加LDPC码编码调制技术

 本文提出了一种多层叠加LDPC码编码调制系统.与传统的基于速率分配的多层编码调制技术相比,多层叠加编码调制系统具有很好的对称性和可扩展性.通过分析比较Turbo码译码算法与LDPC码的译码算法的复杂度,本文指出了多层叠加LDPC码编码调制系统具有译码简单,易于实现的优点.实验结果表明,多层叠加LDPC码编码调制系统可以在不牺牲带宽的同时获得较好的性能.     

一种适用于空分复用MIMO系统的迭代检测器

本文在比特交织turbo编码调制的空分复用M IMO系统发送框架下,研究了一类与Turbo码的迭代译码联合进行的软干扰抵消迭代检测算法。在首次检测中,使用了基于匹配滤波(M F)的多级串行软干扰抵消方法,在后续的检测中使用了单级并行软干扰抵消方法。本文又把迭代检测同turbo码的迭代译码联合,大大降低了每次联合检测turbo译码需要的迭代译码次数。     

一种利用多重偏置的RS码软判译码算法

为了提高RS码的纠错性能,本文将基于盒匹配译码算法(BMA)的多重偏置与自适应置信传播算法(ABP)进行级联,提出了一种利用多重偏置基于可信度迭代的RS码软判译码算法,称为ABP-BIAS-BMA,并将其与传统的基于自适应置信传播的级联算法ABP-BMA及自适应置信传播算法ABP进行了译码性能仿真比较.仿真结果表明,提出的ABP-BIAS-BMA算法比ABP-BMA及ABP的译码性能要好,特别在相同信噪比情况下算法整体平均迭代次数较小.     

Turbo码软判决输出维特比译码方案的改进

Turbo码是一种新的纠错编码,具有十分强的纠错能力。Turbo码编码端采用两个或两个以上的卷积并行级联构成,译码端则采用以基于软判决信息输入/输出的反馈迭代译码结构。译码算法是Turbo码设计的核心,现已有的两种主要的译码算法——MAP和SOVA。SOVA是一种改进的维特比算法,使其可以逐比特输出与MAP算法类似的软判决信息。该文综述了Turbo码SOVA译码的几种改进方式,并分析了这几种改进方式及仿真结果。     

MSK信号的最大似然非相干检测算法研究

针对最小频移键控(MSK)信号,本文研究了一种性能优异的低复杂度最大似然非相干检测(MLNCD)接收模型,通过利用有限的几个符号构成的观测序列检测中间符号解调信息。本文给出了MLNCD模型的判决表达式,并推导了基于MLNCD算法的MSK信号软解调简化表达式,降低了实现复杂度。本文还仿真分析了采用MLNCD算法的无编码MSK系统和有编码MSK系统的误码率(BER)性能,结果表明MLNCD算法比传统MSK非相干解调算法具有显著的BER性能优势,与MSK相干解调性能接近,而且软信息的简化几乎没有造成系统性能损失。      

卷积码差分跳频系统抗部分频带干扰的性能

基于对无编码差分跳频系统抗部分频带干扰性能的研究,将卷积码引入差分跳频系统,研究了在有精确干扰状态信息的情况下,采用无迭代译码和迭代译码时相对于无编码系统的性能改善.同时,在无法得到精确干扰状态信息的情况下,提出了一种迭代干扰状态估计及译码算法.理论分析结果表明:在有精确干扰状态信息的情况下,采用卷积纠错编码和无迭代译码,对可用频率数为8的差分跳频系统,当比特误码率(BER)为10~(-6)时,性能改善约为2.5dB;而采用迭代译码,当BER为10~(-10)时,相对于无迭代译码,性能可进一步改善6dB.仿真结果则验证了迭代估计及译码算法的正确性,采用该算法可使编码系统在无精确干扰状态信息的情况下,仍能保持良好的抗干扰能力.     

Iterative decoding of serially concatenated convolutional codes andMSK

The performance of iterative decoding and demodulation of serially concatenated convolutional codes and minimum shift keying (MSK) is studied. It is shown that by appropriately combining the trellises of MSK and the inner code, a high performance coded modulation system can be achieved. Simulation results also confirms that recursive inner codes are essential for a serially concatenated system     

Soft decoding and synchronization of arithmetic codes: application to image transmission over noisy channels

The paper addresses the issue of robust and joint source-channel decoding of arithmetic codes. We first analyze dependencies between the variables involved in arithmetic coding by means of the Bayesian formalism. This provides a suitable framework for designing a soft decoding algorithm that provides high error-resilience. It also provides a natural setting for "soft synchronization", i.e., to introduce anchors favoring the likelihood of "synchronized" paths. In order to maintain the complexity of the estimation within a realistic range, a simple, yet efficient, pruning method is described. The algorithm can be placed in an iterative source-channel decoding structure, in the spirit of serial turbo codes. Models and algorithms are then applied to context-based arithmetic coding widely used in practical systems (e.g., JPEG-2000). Experimentation results with both theoretical sources and with real images coded with JPEG-2000 reveal very good error resilience performances.     

Performance of coded OQPSK and MIL-STD SOQPSK with iterative decoding

We show that military standard (MIL-STD) shaped-offset quadrature phase-shift keying (SOQPSK), a highly bandwidth-efficient constant-envelope modulation, can be represented in the form of a cross-correlated trellis-coded quadrature modulation. Similarly, we show that offset QPSK (OQPSK) can be decomposed into a "degraded" trellis encoder and a memoryless mapper. Based on the representations of OQPSK and MIL-STD SOQPSK as trellis-coded modulations (TCMs), we investigate the potential coding gains achievable from the application of simple outer codes to form a concatenated coding structure with iterative decoding. For MIL-STD SOQPSK, we describe the optimum receiver corresponding to its TCM form and then propose a simplified receiver. The bit-error rate (BER) performances of both receivers for uncoded and coded MIL-STD SOQPSK are simulated and compared with that of OQPSK and Feher-patented QPSK (FQPSK). The asymptotic BER performance of MIL-STD SOQPSK is also analyzed and compared with that of OQPSK and FQPSK. Simulation results show that, compared with their uncoded systems, there are significant coding gains for both OQPSK and MIL-STD SOQPSK, obtained by applying iterative decoding to either the parallel concatenated coding scheme or the serial one, even when very simple outer codes are used.     

Soft Decoding Assisted SNR Estimation Under Block Fading Channels for Orthogonal Modulations

The performance of the coded orthogonal modulation (OM) system under slow fading channels heavily depends on the estimation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), including the fading amplitude and the noise spectral density. However, a relatively long packet of pilot symbols is often required to guarantee the accuracy of the SNR estimation, which makes it impractical in some situations. To address this problem, this paper proposes an iterative SNR estimation algorithm using the soft decoding information based on the expectation-maximization algorithm. In the proposed method, a joint iterative loop between the SNR estimator and decoder is performed, where the extrinsic information generated by the soft decoder is employed to enhance the estimation accuracy and the SNR estimated by the estimator is used to generate the soft information to the decoder. Also, no pilot symbols are needed to estimate the SNR in the proposed estimator. The Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) of fully data-aided (FDA) estimation is derived to works as the final benchmark. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated in terms of the normalized mean square errors (NMSEs) and the bit error rates (BERs) under block fading channels. Simulation results indicate that the NMSE of the proposed estimator reaches the CRLB of the FDA estimator and outperforms that of the approximate ML (ML-A) estimator proposed by Hassan et al. by 4.1 dB. The BER performance of coded OM system with the proposed estimation algorithm is close to the ideal case where the channel fading and the noise spectral density are known at the receiver.     

一种基于递归MSK的LDPC码设计准则

本文首先给出了基于MSK的LDPC码串行级联系统的模型,叙述了MSK的两种实现结构,分析了基于递归连续相位编码器(RCPE)MSK中的错误相关性和级联Tanner图中的环特性;最后,提出了一种LDPC码设计准则,在该准则下,基于递归MSK的LDPC码串行级联系统可以不采用交织器。仿真性能表明这种设计准则可以减小递归MSK中的错误相关性对性能的影响。     

Turbo编码GMSK信号准相干解调时的迭代信道估计和译码研究

针对准相干解调Turbo编码GMSK信号,提出了一种简便的迭代信道估计算法。该方法基于Turbo码的迭代译码原理,将信道估计和译码联合考虑,利用译码器输出反馈进行迭代信道估计,从而提高了估计精度。仿真结果表明,该方法能显著地改善系统误码率性能。     

Iterative multiuser joint decoding: unified framework andasymptotic analysis

We present a framework for iterative multiuser joint decoding of code-division multiple-access (CDMA) signals, based on the factor-graph representation and on the sum-product algorithm. In this framework, known parallel and serial, hard and soft interference cancellation algorithms are derived in a unified way. The asymptotic performance of these algorithms in the limit of large code block length can be rigorously analyzed by using density evolution. We show that, for random spreading in the large-system limit, density evolution is considerably simplified. Moreover, by making a Gaussian approximation of the decoder soft output, we show that the behavior of iterative multiuser joint decoding is approximately characterized by the stable fixed points of a simple one-dimensional nonlinear dynamical system     

基于多元LDPC码的迭代符号定时恢复

针对极低/低信噪比深空通信中传统符号定时恢复难的问题,本文提出了一种联合符号定时恢复与多元LDPC迭代译码的方案。该方案将Mueller& Muller符号定时恢复算法与迭代译码方法相结合,对符号周期内的动态时延进行校正。根据译码反馈信息的不同,迭代译码方法可分为基于译码硬信息和译码软信息两种迭代方法。仿真结果表明,在高阶调制、低信噪比和动态时延下,基于两种迭代方法的符号定时恢复算法均取得了接近于理想情况的性能,且收敛速度快,适合于工程实现。其中,由于基于译码软信息迭代的符号定时恢复算法保留了更完整的概率信息,因而性能更优。