西细庄矿辉绿岩床特征及其对煤层煤质的影响

为了查明西细庄矿煤变质的原因,通过大量钻孔及井巷揭露资料,研究了辉绿岩体侵入时代、产状特征及空间分布,分析了煤层煤质变化规律,探讨了辉绿岩对煤层煤质的影响。燕山运动晚期辉绿岩以岩床形式顺层侵入侏罗系下花园组煤系中,导致古地热场异常使煤再次发生变质。变质煤类的分布特征与辉绿岩床的空间赋存特征具有完全一致性。结果表明:区域变质作用是蔚县矿区变质的主要因素,辉绿岩侵入是西细庄矿煤变质多样性的直接原因。     

HP磨煤机磨制高水分印尼煤选型

根据高水分印尼煤的煤质特点,分析了HP磨煤机磨制高水分印尼煤时的技术特点,从研磨出力和干燥出力角度出发,详细论述了HP磨煤机的选型方法。通过实际工程HP磨煤机选型实践,得出HP磨煤机可以磨制收到基水分高达40%的印尼煤,研磨出力和干燥出力均能满足设计要求。     

印尼煤在柳钢配煤的应用研究

分析了印尼煤的煤质特征和结焦性能,并进行40kg焦炉试验和生产应用。研究表明,印尼煤具有气煤、肥煤和焦煤的综合特征,在配用量≤13%时,焦炭质量相对稳定,同时可降低炼焦成本。     

东胜煤气化制中热值燃气

本文所述气化试验，针对东胜煤的煤质特点，开发出了“弱风长吹、高温造渣、强化下吹”的制气工艺路线。解决了低变质程度煤、低灰熔点、低灰含量煤的气化技术。为东胜煤的合理、清洁、高效利用开辟了一条新的途径。     

印尼褐煤在水泥生产线的应用两例

正0前言水泥熟料煅烧可采用的燃料品种较多,最常用的是煤。而煤的品种很多,不同煤质差异很大。煤质对烧成系统的产量、熟料质量及生产的稳定影响非常大,因此,必须严格选择、控制水泥窑烧成用煤的热值、挥发分、灰分、内水及硫含量等。其中印尼煤的品种也较多,采用最多的是褐煤。印尼褐煤的特点是挥发分高、内水高、灰分低及低位热值低。作为烧成用煤必然会对熟料的产量、质量、热耗及系统的操作产生很大影响。本文以印尼褐煤的实际应用     

低温氧化条件下煤质特性变化的研究

为了探究煤质特征变化的原因和煤分子结构变化的规律,通过测定煤样的水分、发热量、挥发分、粘结指数的变化,采用差热扫描分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜等手段,验证了低温氧化条件下煤样煤质特征的变化情况,表明了低温氧化煤质特征的变化机理。实验结果表明:随着低温氧化时间的不同,褐煤和长烟煤的水分含量发生明显的降低,而中等变质程度以上的烟煤,水分含量受低温氧化的影响较弱;随着煤变质程度的升高,低温氧化对其发热量的影响逐渐减小;低温氧化使煤样的挥发分和粘结性呈现下降的趋势,且随着煤变质程度的增高,氧化对挥发分的影响逐渐减小,而气煤和焦煤的粘结性下降较明显。     

浅谈水煤浆气化用煤

对于不同地区、不同变质程度的原料煤，各种性质均有所不同。通过考察数十种原料煤，筛选出了可用于水煤浆气化用煤的原料煤，并成功试烧了马泰壕、陕煤1、尔林兔、印尼煤等新煤种。从原料煤组成、水煤浆成浆性、原料煤灰分熔融性和黏温特性、气化经济性等方面展开评价。     

对两种国外炼焦煤的研究及配煤炼焦试验

为印尼某企业做6m焦炉开工配煤炼焦试验。首先对其提供的两种炼焦原料煤AKT煤与German Creek煤进行了煤质分析与小焦炉炼焦试验,然后根据两种煤的结焦特性,做了5个配煤方案进行炼焦试验,经综合评价选出较好的配煤方案。此外,还着重对AKT煤镜质组含量高、活惰比高、哈氏可磨指数高及膨胀度大等特殊性进行了分析研究,为印尼某企业合理配用AKT煤提供了技术指导。     

大同侏罗纪10-11#煤煤质特征及其控制因素

研究了大同10-11#煤的变质程度和煤岩特征,指出高含量的丝质组是大同10-11#煤最主要的煤岩特征,分析了大同10-11#煤煤类、化学和工艺性质与其沉积环境和变质程度的关系,探讨了大同10-11#煤煤质特征及其成因因素,提出了煤岩分选技术是扩大大同煤利用途径的有效手段,为大同煤的合理利用提供了理论基础.     

大同侏罗纪10—11＃煤煤质特征及其控制因素

研究了大同10－11＃煤的变质程度和煤岩特征,指出高含量的丝质组是大同10－11＃煤最主要的煤岩特征,分析了大同10－11＃煤煤类、化学和工艺性质与其沉积环境和变质程度的关系,探讨了大同10－11＃煤煤质特征及其成因因素,提出了煤炭分选技术是扩大大同煤利用途径的有效手段,为大同煤的合理利用提供了理论基础。     

两种印尼煤的成浆性能研究

考查了两种印尼煤在不同添加剂及不同剂量条件下的水煤浆成浆性能,并与同一实验条件下的神府煤进行了对照。结果表明,印尼煤的成浆性较差,制成的煤浆浓度相对神府煤较低。在五种不同添加剂、三种不同添加用量下,其浓度都低于57%。同种添加剂随着添加剂用量的增加,煤浆浓度也随之提高。     

印尼的优质煤炭资源

笔者系统地阐述了印尼的煤炭资源及其特低灰和特低硫分的特征,并提出了中国进口印尼煤炭的合理利用方向。     

日本神户制钢的褐煤提质技术

概述了日本神户制钢的褐煤提质技术研发背景,介绍了神户制钢的褐煤提质工艺(UBC)工艺流程和工艺特点,详细介绍了位于印尼的UBC中试厂(3t/d)和示范厂(600t/d)的生产运行情况,展望了提质褐煤的利用前景。     

Unexpected enrichment of nitrogen during the diagenetic evolution of sedimentary organic matter

This study examines the behaviour of nitrogen during coalification in two coal series: the sedimentologically homogeneous coal series of the Mahakam delta, Indonesia and a reference coal series composed of samplesfrom several sources. The variations in the total nitrogen contents, in hydrolysable nitrogen, and in the natural isotopic abundance of ¹⁵N are reported. The behaviour of nitrogen during coalification presents three main stages: 1. a first stage where microbial and/or chemical degradations produce a loss of nitrogen; 2. a second stage of preservation, where organic nitrogen does not take part in the reactions involved and consequently remains unchanged in the residual organic matter; and 3. a third stage of thermal alteration, where nitrogen is mainly released with methane.     

Radiological safety aspects of utilizing coal ashes for production of lightweight concrete

The present paper reports the results of experiments to develop environmentally and economically friendly structural lightweight concretes utilizing coal ashes and other waste materials. The product complies with national and international regulations setting limits on the activity concentration of natural radioisotopes in building products. The utilization of coal ashes in the building industry carries (in addition to its economic advantages) a fringe environmental benefit. This utilization reduces the potential damage to the environment caused by the radioactivity in the combustion by-products (the ashes) stored in piles and ponds near the power stations prior to their disposal. The study deals with the radiological characteristics of coal ashes and lightweight concretes based on these ashes. The ashes are generated at Israel’s power stations from coal supplied from different sources in South Africa, Columbia and Indonesia.     

Ignition temperature of coal. 1. Influence of the coal’s composition,structure, and properties

The reactions of coal with the materials used in determining the ignition temperature of unoxidized coal according to Ukrainian State Standard DSTU 7611:2014 are analyzed. First, the ignition temperature of various types of coal from Ukraine, Russia, Canada, Australia, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Indonesia is determined. The influence of the composition, structure, and properties of the coal on its ignition temperature is assessed. The ignition temperature of the unoxidized coal is found to be closely related to the content of organic carbon C^daf and aromatic carbon C_ar, the structural parameter δ characterizing the degree of saturation of the coal’s organic mass, and also the vitrinite reflection coefficient R_o and the yield of volatiles V^daf.     

Energy-efficient coal dewatering using liquefied dimethyl ether

In this study, we dewatered sub-bituminous coal mined in Warra, Indonesia, by using liquefied dimethyl ether (DME); no heating was required in this dewatering process. We achieved this dewatering both in a laboratory-scale experiment and using previously developed bench-scale equipment. We also examined the properties of the coal before and after dewatering and measured the amount of energy required by the equipment. We found that the maximum water extraction efficiency of liquefied DME was 98.3%. Further, the properties of the coal did not change after the dewatering treatment. The wastewater obtained by dewatering can be treated by existing wastewater treatment technologies. The energy consumed by the bench-scale equipment was 2069 kJ/kg-water; thus, this dewatering process using liquefied DME was confirmed to be effective and energy efficient.     

Highly active limonite catalysts for direct coal liquefaction

The properties of limonite in Australia and Indonesia were examined by using X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and TEM–EDX in relation to the catalytic activities in the liquefaction of low-rank coals. The molar ratio of H₂O/Fe in limonite was determined from the weight loss resulting from the dehydration reaction of FeOOH to Fe₂O₃ during heating from 120 to 400 °C in TGA. The H₂O/Fe molar ratio varied from 0.06 for hematite to 0.60 for limonite YY, depending on the hematite content. Results from the pulverization tests showed that the higher value of H₂O/Fe molar ratio resulted in lesser abrasion of medium balls. A unique limonite YY in Australia, containing no hematite, was easily pulverized to sub-micron particle size and showed an excellent oil yield in coal liquefaction. It appeared that H₂O/Fe molar ratio could be one of the most important factors to select the better limonite catalyst for coal liquefaction. Moreover, it was found that Ni containing limonite SO in Indonesia exhibited a higher liquefaction activity than YY catalyst, because of transformation into a smaller crystallite size of pyrrhotite (Fe_1−xS). The agglomeration of pyrrhotites may be suppressed by a strong interaction between FeOOH and Al(OH)₃ such as Fe–O–Al. TEM–EDX analysis suggests that Ni may be located near the Fe_1−xS structure. Oil yield was significantly increased from 43 to 62 wt% daf by CLB addition to the coal slurry in the liquefaction of Banko coal. Finely pulverized limonite catalyst (SO) can be advantageously used in a commercial plant for coal liquefaction in Indonesia due to the low catalyst cost and a high liquefaction activity to obtain a high oil yield.     

Slagging and fouling characteristics of seam 32/33, Panian coalfield, Semirara Island, Philippines

Twenty samples of seam 32/33, the main seam of Panian coalfield in Semirara Island, Antique Province, Philippines, were collected from a borehole drilled at the northeastern edge of the coalfield. The samples were analyzed to characterize the coal geochemistry of the seam and understand why the coals of Semirara Island exhibit a high tendency for slagging and fouling despite its low average ash content. Analysis of the slagging and fouling characteristics of this seam is important because it supplies five electric power utilities and several cement plants in the Philippines. Proximate analyses and vitrinite reflectance measurements designate the rank of the seam as sub-bituminous C, based on ASTM coal classification. H/C versus O/C ratios indicate that the seam is made up largely of huminite, denoting early stages of coalification. Chemical analysis of the ash reveals high contents of Na, Mg, Fe, Ca, Ba and Sr. The strongly negative correlation of these elements with the ash content indicates an organic affinity of the chemical elements of the seam. Owing to enrichment in alkali and alkali-earth elements, slagging and fouling indices indicate that the seam has medium to high propensity for slagging and a severe tendency for fouling. The detrimental characteristics of coal feedstock from Panian mine is mitigated by modifications to the boiler design and operational conditions and by blending with coals imported from Indonesia, China and Australia.     

Evidence of free but trapped hydrocarbons in coals

Pyrolysis experiments in a confined system (in sealed gold tubes under pressure) were performed on a lignite. The temperature range was 250–550 °C, under isothermal conditions (24 h). Solid and chloroform-extractable products of heat treatments were examined by various analytical techniques (e.g. thermovaporization, infrared spectrometry, pyrochromatography, liquid chromatography). A reference coal series was submitted to parallel analytical investigations. All samples came from the Mahakam Delta, Indonesia. Comparison between natural and artificial series leads to the conclusion that natural coals are able to retain appreciable quantities of free but trapped hydrocarbons, whereas artificially derived solid residues are not.