石墨烯/碳纳米管复合材料的制备方法及应用进展

选择合适的方法可以制备出石墨烯/碳纳米管复合材料并且使得它们之间能够产生一种协同作用,使其物理化学性能同时增强。近年来,石墨烯/碳纳米管复合材料在超级电容器、储能电池、电化学传感器、材料增强增韧、污染物吸附处理等方面的应用受到人们广泛关注。对石墨烯/碳纳米管复合材料的制备方法及应用进展进行了综述,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

碳材料/橡胶导电复合材料的研究进展

介绍导电橡胶复合材料的渗流理论和量子隧穿效应两种导电机理。综述炭黑、石墨、碳纤维、碳纳米管、石墨烯等碳材料与橡胶制备的导电复合材料的国内外研究进展。碳纳米管和石墨烯等新型碳材料可赋予橡胶复合材料更优异的物理性能和导电、导热性能,为橡胶的功能化和多元化开拓了新的领域。多种碳材料并用可以降低填料添加量、提高导电橡胶电导率,是导电橡胶复合材料的发展趋势。     

氧化石墨烯/碳纳米管增强环氧树脂及其性能

采用Hummers制备了氧化石墨烯,并对多壁碳纳米管进行氧化处理,后再通过超声分散使得氧化石墨烯以及功能化碳纳米管通过π-π作用紧密结合在一起后又均匀地分散在环氧树脂中,制备了氧化石墨烯/碳纳米管环氧树脂复合材料。后通过摩擦仪来检测氧化石墨烯、功能化碳纳米管对复合材料的摩擦性能的影响;对样条进行拉伸性能、热失重性能的检测,并用扫描电镜(SEM)来观察样条断面的形态。结果表明:氧化石墨烯、功能化碳纳米管的添加能够有效地改善复合材料的耐摩擦性能,且材料的拉伸性能得到很好的改善,提高了复合材料的韧性和强度。     

聚合物/碳基导热复合材料研究进展

碳家族主要包括石墨、碳纤维、碳纳米管、富勒烯、石墨烯以及无定形碳等。其中石墨、碳纤维、碳纳米管以及石墨烯具有良好的导热性能,最近被广泛研究的石墨烯是1种很有前景的导热填料。综述近年来国内外以碳材料为填料的导热复合材料研究进展,阐述了碳材料及其纳米导热复合材料导热性的影响因素,最后对碳材料的发展方向进行了展望。     

石墨烯改性聚烯烃复合材料的研究进展

简要介绍了石墨烯的结构性质;从原位聚合法、液相共混法和熔融共混法等三个方面重点讨论了石墨烯改性聚烯烃的制备工艺;总结了石墨烯改性聚烯烃产品在力学性能、热学性能、电学性能和阻隔性能等方面的研究进展以及相应的检测标准的现状。分析了聚烯烃/石墨烯复合材料面临的问题及未来研究方向。     

碳纳米管和石墨烯在天然橡胶中的应用研究进展

介绍碳纳米管和石墨烯在天然橡胶(NR)中的应用研究进展。碳纳米管和石墨烯凭借其独特的结构和性能,可以改善NR的力学性能、电学性能和导热性能等,提高其利用价值。碳纳米材料/NR复合材料是功能性橡胶材料的重要发展方向之一。目前,我国碳纳米管和石墨烯工业产品成本较高,其与NR复合材料的研究大多还处于试验阶段。随着碳纳米管和石墨烯的生产规模化及其在聚合物基体中的分散技术和作用机理研究的进一步深入,碳纳米管和石墨烯在NR中的大规模应用将得到快速发展。     

石墨烯基新材料应用研究进展

综述了石墨烯的产品性能，对其在医疗、高新技术材料、聚烯烃生产等领域的应用进行了系统分析。将石墨烯添加到阴极或阳极可以制备锂硫电池、金属-空气电池，在生物医疗领域石墨烯基纳米材料可用于组织工程。随着石墨烯功能化的发展，可以合成适用于不同领域的石墨烯基复合材料。     

石墨烯和碳纳米管的天然橡胶纳米复合材料性能的研究

采用湿法混炼工艺制备石墨烯/天然橡胶（NR）纳米复合材料和碳纳米管/NR纳米复合材料,研究石墨烯和碳纳米管用量对NR纳米复合材料性能的影响。结果表明：随着石墨烯和碳纳米管用量的增大,NR纳米复合材料的热导率和比热容均先增大后减小;石墨烯/NR纳米复合材料的300%定伸应力先减小后增大,石墨烯用量为2份的石墨烯/NR纳米复合材料的拉断伸长率最大;碳纳米管/NR纳米复合材料的300%定伸应力增大,碳纳米管用量为3份的碳纳米管/NR纳米复合材料的撕裂强度最大。随着温度的升高,石墨烯/NR纳米复合材料的相对介电常数呈先增大后减小的趋势,在110℃时最大;碳纳米管/NR纳米复合材料的相对介电常数呈增大的趋势。     

石墨烯/碳纳米管协同改性聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展

主要介绍了石墨烯和碳纳米管协同改性聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展,包括石墨烯与碳纳米管的协同作用,制备方法以及功能化方法。并对聚合物/石墨烯/碳纳米管纳米复合材料的制备方法,性能研究和应用现状进行了综述,最后提出了一些展望。     

石墨烯/二硫化钼纳米复合材料的研究进展及应用

近几年来石墨烯/聚合物复合材料随着石墨烯材料的研究的兴起,迅速在电子原件、物理、化学、生物诸多方面引起学者的广泛关注。综述了石墨烯/二硫化钼纳米复合材料的研究进展和应用。简单叙述了石墨烯和二硫化钼的性能、结构和制备工艺,介绍了石墨烯/二硫化钼纳米复合材料的制备和性能以及最新的研究进展和应用。     

Exploitation of Nanobifiller in Polymer/Graphene Oxide–Carbon Nanotube,Polymer/Graphene Oxide–Nanodiamond,and Polymer/Graphene Oxide–Montmorillonite Composite: A Review

In this article, a comprehensive review is presented regarding structure, synthesis, and properties of nanofillers such as graphene oxide, nanobifiller of graphene oxide, and their polymeric nanocomposite. The information about hybrid properties and synthesis of graphene oxide–carbon nanotube, graphene oxide–montmorillonite, and graphene oxide–nanodiamond is presented. Use of nanobifiller in polymer/graphene oxide–carbon nanotube, polymer/graphene oxide–montmorillonite, and polymer/graphene oxide–nanodiamond composites was summarized. Area of polymer and graphene oxide-based nanobifiller composites is less studied in literature. Therefore, nanobifiller technology limitations and research challenges must be focused. Polymer/graphene oxide nanobifiller composites have a wide range of unexplored potential in technological areas such as automobile, aerospace, energy, and medical industries.     

A Review on Polymeric Nanocomposites of Nanodiamond,Carbon Nanotube,and Nanobifiller: Structure,Preparation and Properties

In this review, an overview of various types of nanofillers is presented with special emphasis on structure, synthesis and properties of carbon nanotube, nanodiamond, and nanobifiller of carbon nanotube/nanodiamond, carbon nanotube/graphene oxide and carbon nanotube/graphene. In addition, polymer/carbon nanotube, polymer/nanodiamond, and polymer/nanobifiller composites have been discussed. The efficacy of different fabrication techniques for nanocomposites (solution casting, in-situ, and melt blending method) and their properties were also discussed in detail. Finally, we have summarized the challenges and future prospects of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanofillers hoping to facilitate progress in the emerging area of nanobifiller technology.     

Graphene and Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composites for Laser Protection

This paper reviews recent advances in the nanotube and graphene polymer composites synthesized in our laboratories for laser protection application, i.e., OL. We first discuss the mechanisms involved in the polymer nanocomposites for OL and the Z-scan technique used to measure the nonlinear optical properties of the materials in question. Subsequently, the design, synthesis, characterization, and OL properties of the representative nanotube and graphene polymer composites are introduced, followed by a prospect for use of carbon nanomaterial polymer composites for optical limiting.     

石墨烯及其复合材料的制备研究进展

石墨烯具有独特的物理化学性质,在很多领域都表现出良好的应用前景,得到了日益广泛的关注和研究。本文对石墨烯及其复合材料的制备方法进行了综述,并以石墨烯/量子复合材料、石墨烯/碳纳米管复合材料、石墨烯/Pd复合材料及石墨烯/聚醚砜导电复合材料的制备为例进行具体阐述。     

Current Research Status and Application of Polymer/Carbon Nanofiller Buckypaper: A Review

With recent development in the field of polymer-based composite paper, buckypaper technology has gained considerable research attention. Conventionally, polymeric composites have been fabricated using carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotube, graphene, and graphene oxide) reinforcement in polymer matrix. In buckypaper technology, freestanding thin porous nanofiller network is formed using various papermaking techniques, which may further improve physical properties of polymer/carbon nanofiller buckypaper composite. This review also aims to report technical aspects of polymer/carbon nanotube, polymer/graphene, and polymer/graphene oxide-based composite paper. Special emphasis is given to the application of polymer/carbon nanofiller buckypaper in fuel cell, batteries, sensor, artificial muscles, fire retardant materials, and liquid crystal cells.     

天然橡胶复合材料制备及力学性能研究

分别以白炭黑、碳纳米管、碳微球及石墨烯为增强剂,对天然橡胶复合材料的制备以及其力学性能进行研究。采用传统机械混炼法将复合材料进行混合,通过平板硫化机进行交联制备天然橡胶复合材料。分别考察不同增强剂的含量对橡胶复合材料力学性能的影响,找到最佳的添加量。分析了不同种增强剂对复合材料力学性能的影响规律,对其增强效果进行对比说明。采用电子万能拉伸测试仪、邵氏硬度计对复合材料的拉伸性能和硬度性能进行分析,结果表明:复合材料的力学性能随着炭微球、碳纳米管和石墨烯含量的增加而增加,随着白炭黑的含量的增加而减少,碳纳米管和石墨烯的增强效果较好。     

Perspectives of Polystyrene Composite with Fullerene,Carbon Black,Graphene, and Carbon Nanotube: A Review

The use of polystyrene-based materials has become very important due to a wide range of industrial applications. Different types of nanofillers such as fullerene, carbon black, graphite, graphene, and carbon nanotube have been used with polystyrene to attain high-performance materials. Fabrication and unique properties of composites are considered here. Use of fullerene to improve thermal stability of polystyrene/fullerene composite has been explored. Polystyrene /carbon black composite have found to improve thermal, electrical, and rheological properties. Polystyrene/graphite nanosheet composite have been used in different applications due to mechanical and electrical properties. Polystyrene/carbon nanotube composite have been studied for enhanced tribological properties.     

Nanocarbons from rice husk by microwave plasma irradiation: From graphene and carbon nanotubes to graphenated carbon nanotube hybrids

Recently, graphene and carbon nanotube (CNT) composites have attracted great interest of scientists and exhibited fascinating properties even better than they could on their own. Here, we have synthesized the graphenated CNTs (g-CNTs), one of graphene–CNT composites, from waste rice husk (RH) by one-step microwave plasma irradiation (MPI) process. The RH-derived g-CNTs were composed of graphene standing on the sidewalls of CNTs, in which the graphene sheets possessed a large amount of sharp edges, which mainly consisted of 2–6 layers, and the CNTs had several tens of micrometers in length and 50–200 in diameter. They offer great promise in the application of electrochemical electrodes due to their special features including high surface area and specific capacitance. The successful MPI technique can be spread to other waste biomass, in which their components are made of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin similar to RHs, to fabricate high-added-value nanocarbons including graphene, CNTs, and g-CNTs, which were dependent of experimental pressure.     

Perspectives on Polyvinyl Chloride and Carbon Nanofiller Composite: A Review

This review mainly concentrates on polyvinyl chloride/carbon nanofiller-based composites. The present study focused upon synthetic strategies and relevance of polyvinyl chloride/graphite, polyvinyl chloride/graphene, polyvinyl chloride/graphene oxide, and polyvinyl chloride/carbon nanotube nanocomposite. Among carbon-based reinforcement, graphene oxide nanofiller depicted better dispersion in polyvinyl chloride matrix. The electrical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of these nanocomposites are also discussed. Moreover, future potential of these materials are elucidated. There is relatively little literature available regarding polyvinyl chloride-based nanocomposite. The main aim of this article is to therefore particularize the polyvinyl chloride-based nanocomposites and expose their concealed properties to enable better use of these new materials in different technical fields.     

Catalyst-free,self-assembly,and controllable synthesis of graphene flake–carbon nanotube composites for high-performance field emission

Catalyst-free and self-assembled growth of graphene flakes (GFs) on carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays have been realized by using microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The shape of GFs was highly manipulated by adjusting the growth time, C concentration, and microwave power. We qualitatively discussed the nucleation and growth mechanism of GFs based on the growth parameter–GF shape studies. The field emission (FE) properties of graphene flake–carbon nanotube (GF–CNT) composites for different GF shapes were measured and found to be strongly influenced by the GF distribution. The optimal shape of GFs for FE had small scales, sharp edges, and sparse distribution on CNTs. The best FE properties with the optimal shape were observed with a low turn-on electric field of 0.73 V/μm and excellent stability, which are superior to those of the as-grown CNT arrays and GF–CNT composites covered by densely distributed GFs. We consider that the large aspect ratio of CNTs and the unique FE stability of GFs play a synergetic effect on the improved FE properties.