The separation of chalcopyrite and chalcocite from pyrite in cleaner flotation after regrinding

In this study, the differences between the separation of chalcopyrite and chalcocite from pyrite in cleaner flotation after regrinding were investigated. In the rougher flotation prior to regrinding, high chalcopyrite and chalcocite recovery were obtained in conjunction with high pyrite flotation recovery due to the activation of pyrite by copper ions during primary grinding. The rougher flotation concentrate was reground in a rod mill before cleaner flotation. It was found that chalcopyrite and chalcocite exhibited different flotation behavior and also affected pyrite flotation differently in cleaner flotation. The mechanism underpinning these phenomena was investigated by a range of techniques including the polarization of mineral electrodes, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) extraction. It was found that the flotation behavior of both copper minerals and their effect on pyrite flotation after regrinding were governed by their electrochemical activities and galvanic coupling with pyrite.     

Importance of oxidation during regrinding of rougher flotation concentrates with a high content of sulfides

The objective of this study is to understand the flotation behavior of copper and gold minerals after regrinding the rougher flotation concentrate with a high pyrite content. It was found that low Eh and dissolved oxygen (DO) were produced after regrinding due to the quick consumption of oxygen by the large amount of fresh pyrite surfaces created, resulting in poor flotation of copper and gold and their selectivity against pyrite. A number of methods were used to provide an oxidizing condition, including pre-aeration before flotation, regrinding in an oxidizing condition, and addition of different oxidizing agents during regrinding. It was found that all the oxidizing methods improved the flotation of copper and gold, however, the effectiveness of these methods varied from case to case. This study demonstrates the importance of oxidation during or after regrinding for the flotation of rougher flotation concentrates with high sulfide contents.     

Limits of the CIL circuit in copper–gold plants

This study examined the performance of the CIL (Carbon-in-Leach) circuit at Telfer, a copper–gold plant treating porphyry copper deposits containing gold associated with both copper and iron sulphides, with an objective to identify factors normally limiting the gold recovery in the CIL circuit in the presence of a small amount of copper after copper flotation, and then propose a means to improve it. Diagnostic leaching assessment and mineralogical analysis by MLA revealed that the occlusion of gold by other minerals and the fine grain size of gold associated with them may be the contributing factors to the low gold recovery in the CIL circuit. Fine grinding of the CIL feed increased gold recovery significantly from the leaching process. However, it is interesting to find that fine grinding increased the amount of released copper ions which complex with cyanide resulting in significantly higher cyanide consumption. It is therefore proposed that regrinding of the CIL feed followed by copper flotation is an appropriate pre-treatment method for the CIL circuit.     

浮选—浸出工艺回收澳大利亚某低品位铜金矿中的铜、金、硫

澳大利亚某低品位铜金矿中铜以黄铜矿形式存在,金大部分以单体自然金形式存在,赋存于硫化物及脉石粒间,部分以不可见金的形式被黄铁矿包裹。黄铜矿和黄铁矿嵌布粒度较细,平均粒度0.03 mm。试验采用混合浮选—铜硫分离工艺,获得铜、金品位分别为19.02%和13.99 g/t,铜、金回收率分别为73.00%和49.29%的铜精矿;硫精矿经再磨后利用绿金浸出剂浸金,获得对原矿金浸出率14.92%,金总回收率64.21%,浸渣硫品位30.23%,可作为硫精矿销售。      

西藏某含金浸染状次生硫化铜矿石浮选回收铜金试验

西藏某浸染状次生硫化铜矿石铜品位为1.86%，原生硫化铜占总铜的15.05%，次生硫化铜占总铜的76.88%，主要铜矿物为斑铜矿、黄铜矿，其他金属矿物有黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿等；脉石矿物以石榴石、辉石、石英等为主。为了确定该矿石中铜、金的适宜回收工艺，进行了选矿试验。结果表明，矿石在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占70%的情况下进行1粗2精快速浮选，1粗2扫常规浮选，快速精选1尾矿与常规粗选精矿合并再磨至-0.038 mm占80%的情况下进行1粗2精2扫铜硫分离，获得的快速浮选精矿铜品位为27.05%、金品位为8.28 g/t，铜、金回收率分别为60.79%、50.90%；常规浮选铜精矿铜品位为17.06%、金品位为5.02 g/t，铜、金回收率分别为29.81%、23.99%。快速浮选+常规浮选、快速精选1尾矿与常规浮选粗精矿再磨再选工艺流程既能避免铜矿物的过磨，保证铜的回收率，又可得到较高品位的铜精矿，获得较好的铜、金回收指标。     

Implementation of regrind–flotation pre-treatment of the CIL feed in a copper–gold plant

A regrind–flotation pre-treatment method developed to improve performance of a CIL circuit at copper–gold concentrators has been implemented at plant scale at the Newcrest Telfer mine. Low gold recovery in the CIL circuit due to the occlusion of gold by iron sulphide gangue minerals was overcome by the fine grinding of the CIL feed. A post-regrind copper flotation stage recovered liberated copper sulphide minerals allowing lower cyanide consumption in the subsequent CIL circuit than by regrinding alone. Gold recoveries achieved during the laboratory development of the regrind–flotation pre-treatment method have been replicated during the commissioning of the full-scale plant.     

选冶联合工艺综合回收金的试验研究

针对某含铜钴的金多金属矿,采用铜优先—金钴混合浮选流程回收金,指标偏低。对流程中的浮选尾矿进行了多元素分析、粒度筛析及金属分布测定和工艺矿物学检查,发现粗颗粒中含有一定量的金,同时还有部分被氧化需要进行再磨再选和氰化浸出联合工艺对金进行回收。再磨再选得到的金钴精矿中金的回收率为6.93%;再磨再选尾矿经氰化浸出后浸渣金品位为0.33g/t,金作业浸出率为80.0%,对原矿金回收率为19.04%;"铜优先—金钴混合浮选—尾矿再磨再选—再选尾矿炭浸"的选冶联合工艺获得的金总回收率为95.38%。     

内蒙古铜金矿综合回收技术研究

内蒙古铜金矿中含有铜、铅、锌、硫等有价元素,为了充分利用矿产资源,对该矿石进行了综合回收试验研究.采用尼尔森选矿机回收粗粒金-浮选分离-精矿再磨-浸金工艺流程,浮选分离以CFS+石灰为硫铁矿的高效抑制剂,经阶段磨矿后选别可获得铜品位21.87%、回收率90.27%的铜精矿;硫品位44.33%、回收率85.76%的硫精矿;金综合回收率达到91.11%.选别指标较为理想,该技术路线经济合理,适用于工业化生产.      

高砷硫精矿除砷的研究

采用正交试验设计的方法,找出了高砷硫精矿降砷时所使用药剂的最优水平组合以及影响因素的主次。通过对砷矿物的有效抑制剂的筛选,对含砷高达2．003％的高砷硫精矿采用简单的一次粗选、二次精选开路流程,所得硫精矿含砷仅为0．48％,可以满足硫酸厂对原料的要求。同时铜在硫精矿中得到了综合回收,铜的回收率达到43％。     

云南某含金铜矿石自然pH下浮选试验研究

云南某含金铜矿石铜品位1.06%、金品位0.38 g/t、硫品位3.56%。为在回收铜的同时可以综合回收金等贵金属,在自然pH条件下进行浮选试验。结果显示:新型环保抑制剂D82在有效抑制黄铁矿的同时,还可以提高金的回收指标;在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占75.5%条件下,以D82为抑制剂、Z-200为捕收剂,经1粗2精2扫铜浮选,浮铜尾矿以硫酸铜为活化剂、丁基黄药为捕收剂,经1粗1精1扫选硫,闭路试验得到的铜精矿铜品位46.83%、金品位14.22 g/t、铜回收率93.22%、金回收率78.96%,硫精矿硫品位58.69%、回收率75.18%。以D82为抑制剂可以在自然pH条件下实现抑硫浮铜,对伴生贵金属的硫化矿浮选具有借鉴价值。     

湖北某铜尾矿资源化利用研究

湖北某铜尾矿中有价组分为WO3、Cu、S、Fe,为实现该铜尾矿的资源化利用,开展了详细的综合回收试验研究。结果表明：① 采用铜硫混合浮选、铜硫混合精矿再磨后铜硫分离浮选工艺流程处理试样,闭路试验可获得产率0.10%、Cu品位13.80%、Cu回收率21.71%的铜精矿以及产率1.22%、S品位44.50%、S回收率50.89%的硫精矿。② 采用2粗2扫1精常温浮选处理铜硫混浮尾矿,常温精矿浓缩至60%,再加温至90 ℃,搅拌、解吸80 min后采用1粗2扫5精加温精选、中矿顺序返回的工艺流程,最终获得产率0.93%、WO3品位15.31%、WO3回收率55.07%的钨精矿产品;该钨精矿进行酸浸提质,最终获得产率0.40%、WO3品位34.19%、WO3回收率53.04%的酸浸钨精矿。③ 针对钨粗选尾矿,采用弱磁选工艺可获得产率3.73%、TFe品位60.45%、回收率15.66%的铁精矿。     

某铜矿石可选性试验

某铜矿石铜矿物主要为黄铜矿,脉石矿物中主要是斜长石,分选过程中要求同时得到铜精矿和硫精矿。根据矿石性质,通过浮选条件试验和流程试验,结果如下:采用混合浮选—分离浮选流程,当磨矿细度为75%-0.076mm左右时,可获得的铜精矿含铜25.31%、含金6.7g/t,铜、金回收率分别为87.50%、84.52%。试验中未获得合格的硫精矿;采用一粗一扫二精选别流程,可获得单一的铜精矿。其铜品位与回收率分别为19.13%与88.13%,铜精矿含金5.33g/t,金的回收率为89.55%。方案Ⅰ铜精矿指标较好,方案Ⅱ流程简单、生产成本低。     

西藏玉龙铜矿硫化矿选矿工艺流程的研究

玉龙铜矿硫化矿氧化率较高 (13 2 6 % ) ,次生铜含量大 (73 4% ) ,黄铁矿含量高 ,高岭石和蒙脱石的含量也较多 (18 6 1% ) ,矿石性质复杂、难选。通过多种选矿工艺流程探讨 ,确定采用铜硫混合浮选 -混合精矿再磨后铜硫分离 -混选尾矿分级后矿砂浮选、矿泥酸浸工艺。在小型试验基础上 ,完成了扩大连选试验。连选试验所获铜精矿铜品位2 0 47%、铜回收率 73 6 6 % ,加上矿泥酸浸 ,总铜回收率为 78 49%。     

坝头西矿段钼矿选矿试验研究

坝头西矿段钼矿采用一次粗选、三次扫选、一精再磨精选四次的浮选工艺流程,取得了浮选闭路试验指标为:钼精矿产率0.504%,钼品位46.37%,回收率92.89%。尾矿综合利用浮选回收硫,硫精矿产率1.607%,硫品位46.13%,回收率84.32%。     

某高硫难选铜矿石选矿试验研究

针对某高硫铜矿石、铜矿物嵌布粒度较细、硫矿物嵌布粒度较粗,铜矿物与白铁矿、黄铁矿等矿物共生关系密切等特点,采用混合浮选、混合精矿活性炭脱药分离、中矿再磨再选的分步选别工艺,取得了良好的选别指标。闭路试验获得了铜精矿铜品位为18.36%,铜回收率为91.29%;硫精矿硫品位为36.78%,硫回收率为86.60%的选别指标,铜精矿中金、银含量分别为4.39g/t和22.62g/t,达到了计价标准。     

安徽某铁尾矿中铜硫的选矿回收研究

针对安徽某铁矿磁选尾矿中铜矿物粗细不均,次生硫化铜含量较高,且部分黄铜矿被黄铁矿包裹等特点,在原铜硫混浮-铜硫分离工艺前进行了增设快速浮铜工艺环节的研究,并对混精再磨、分离工艺进行了优化研究。采用试验确定的半优先浮铜闭路试验流程处理该试样,可获得铜品位21.48%、回收率达82.85%的铜精矿,以及硫品位为48.34%、回收率为84.43%的硫精矿,试验铜回收率较生产平均铜回收率高10个百分点以上。     

某含金铜硫矿浮选分离试验研究

为了合理开发利用某含金硫化铜矿资源,开展了工艺矿物学和选矿综合利用试验研究。研究显示,矿石中主要有价元素铜品位为0.57%,伴生元素金品位为1.56 g/t;铜主要以黄铜矿的形式存在,金主要以自然金和银金矿的形式赋存,其载体矿物多为黄铁矿和黄铜矿。以YZ-05为捕收剂,采用“铜金硫混合浮选—铜硫分离—硫精矿再磨—金硫分离”的分选试验流程,闭路试验得到了铜精矿、金精矿和硫精矿,其中铜精矿Cu品位为19.57%、回收率88.7%,Au品位为36.93 g/t、回收率65.5%,Ag品位为61.00 g/t,回收率46.70%;金精矿Au品位42.27 g/t、回收率21.1%金综合回收率为86.6%;硫精矿中S品位为48.24%,回收率为69.70%。该研究为此矿石的综合回收利用提供了技术依据。     

某含金复杂铜硫矿石低碱度浮选工艺试验研究

某复杂含金铜硫矿石中铜、金和硫的品位分别为0.82%、1.20 g/t和11.30%，对该铜硫矿石进行详细的工艺矿物学研究，针对该矿石特点，在低碱度条件下应用铜硫优先浮选原则工艺流程。闭路试验结果 表明：在磨矿细度-74 μm占85%的条件下，以氧化钙为硫铁矿抑制剂（矿浆pH值为9~10），Z-200为铜矿物捕收剂，经1次粗选、1次扫选和2次精选的铜浮选流程可获得铜品位为18.42%、铜回收为84.97%，含金15.52 g/t、金回收率为48.78%的铜精矿；浮铜尾矿再添加硫铁矿活化剂QH，以丁基黄药为捕收剂经1次粗选、1次扫选和2次精选的硫浮选流程可获得硫品位为45.42%、硫回收率为65.33%的硫精矿。金在铜精矿中有效富集， 在低碱度的条件下原矿实现了有价金属的综合回收。     

提高德兴铜矿伴生金钼选矿指标的研究与实践

应用选择性较好的新型捕收剂和起泡剂，采用异步混合浮选新工艺，粗精矿与中矿分别再磨分选，解决了现场混合浮选生产工艺存在的综合回收金、钼等伴生矿物与铜硫分离条件的矛盾，显著地提高了伴生金、钼的选矿指标，并进一步优化了主金属铜的回收。新药剂、新工艺适应德兴铜矿的矿石性质，获得了巨大的经济和社会效益。     

某微细嵌布铜矿的选矿试验研究

针对陕西某微细粒嵌布铜矿的矿石性质,进行了磨矿细度、捕收剂、调整剂、浮选精矿再磨等研究。结果表明:采用磨矿-优先选铜-铜粗精矿再磨-铜精选-铜扫选尾矿选硫工艺,可获得铜精矿品位Cu16.94%,铜回收率80.89%;硫精矿品位S 36.77%,硫回收率78.85%的选别指标。