PP/SEBS/MH复合材料的制备及其性能研究

采用极限氧指数（LOI）和热重分析（TGA）研究了聚丙烯（PP）/氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SEBS）/氢氧化镁（MH）复合材料的阻燃性能和热降解行为;探讨了SEBS和MH分别对PP/SEBS共混体系和PP/SEBS/MH复合材料力学性能和熔体流动速率的影响。结果表明：PP/SEBS/MH复合材料的力学性能和加工流动性能随着MH的质量分数增加而降低;复合材料高温下的热稳定性得到提高,MH分解吸热降低材料的热降解速率;MH以吸热方式在凝缩相和气相中发挥阻燃作用,复合材料阻燃性能得到提高,当MH的质量分数为60%时,LOI可达26.3%。     

相容剂作用下超高相对分子质量聚乙烯增韧聚丙烯共混体系的研究

选取不同相容剂[马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯、线形低密度聚乙烯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）]增容聚丙烯/超高相对分子质量聚乙烯（PP/PE-UHMW）共混体系,对比不同相容剂作用下PP/PE-UHMW共混体系力学性能的差异,并研究了PP/PE-UHMW/相容剂共混体系的亚微相结构,进一步探讨了微观结构对PP/PE-UHMW共混体系力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加相容剂的三元共混体系的结晶颗粒呈细化趋势;相容剂ABS的增容效果较好,PP/PE-UHMW/ABS共混体系的冲击强度最高可达113.31 J/m,并可保持PP原有的拉伸强度,但其断裂伸长率有较大幅度的降低。     

相容剂和加工工艺对PA1010/PP共混体系形态和力学性能的影响

以马来酸酐（MAH）和苯乙烯（St）多单体熔融接枝聚丙烯[PP-g-(MAH-co-St）]为相容剂,制备了聚酰胺10101/聚丙烯（PA1010/PP）共混体系。用毛细管流变仪、扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测试等方法研究了和加工工艺相容剂对PA1010/PP共混体系的形态和力学性能的影响。结果表明,相容剂PP-g-(MAH-co-St)有效降低了PA1010/PP共混体系的熔体流动速率;该共混体系熔体属于假塑性流体,熔体黏度随PP-g-(MAH-co-St)含量的增加逐渐增大;随着相容剂含量的增加,PA1010/PP共混体系中分散相PP的粒径逐步减小,力学性能得到改善,PA1010/PP/PP-g-(MAH-co-St)为70/25/5和70/20/10的共混体系的拉伸强度分别比PA1010/PP (70/30)共混体系提高了55.0 %和61.9 %,冲击强度分别提高了61.0 %和129.7 %;剪切速率为706.5 s-1时出现熔体破裂现象,剪切速率为5002.65 s-1时出现严重熔体破裂。     

PP／AS／DCP反应共混中SEBS的添加效应

研究了在聚丙烯（ＰＰ）／丙烯腈－苯乙烯共聚物（ＡＳ）／过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）共混物反应挤出过程中添加热塑弹性体氢化（苯乙烯－丁二烯－苯乙烯共聚物）（ＳＥＢＳ）对ＰＰ／ＡＳ共混物降解的抑制效果对接枝反应的促进作用。对反应经物中ＰＰ相ＭＦＲ、红外测试及扫描电子显微镜与航向电子显微镜对共混物的观察结果表明,加入ＳＥＢＳ不但可以抑制反应共混中ＰＰ和ＡＳ的降解,而且可以大大促进反应共混中的接枝反应的进行,     

剪切速率对PA 6/PP共混物微观结构的影响

以马来酸酐（MAH）、苯乙烯（St）多单体熔融接枝聚丙烯（PP）[PP—g-（MAH-co—St）]为增容剂改性聚酰胺（PA）6／PP体系,制备了PA6／PP合金,研究了合金的流变性能。结果表明,PP—g-（MAH—co—St）增容的PA 6/PP共混物熔体属假塑性流体,熔体黏度随PP-g-（MAH—co—St）含量的增加逐渐增大。在较低剪切速率（99．90s^-1）下,体系分散相PP的粒径尺寸较小：剪切速率从99．90s^-1到706．50s^-1,分散相粒径增加：剪切速率从706．50s^-1增到5002．65s^-1,分散相粒径又相对减小。     

长支链聚丙烯增容聚丙烯共混物的研究

以聚丙烯（PP）为原料,通过熔融接枝法制备长支链聚丙烯（LCBPP）,将LCBPP分别加入到PP／聚苯乙烯（PS）、PP／苯乙烯-丙烯腈嵌段共聚物（SAN）和PP／聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）共混体系里。采用傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）和拉伸流变仪对LCBPP进行表征。采用扫描电子显微镜对共混物的断面进行观察。结果表明,LCBPP对分散相具有一定极性的体系表现出良好的增容效果;在组分比为70/30的PP/SAN 和PP/PET体系中加入５％的LCBPP后,体系分散相尺寸明显细化且分散均匀,但是其增容效果没有枝马来酸酐接聚丙烯（PP-g-MAH）的增容效果明显;LCBPP对于PP/PS体系的相容性有轻微的改善。     

聚丙烯接枝衣康酸增容PA6／PP共混物性能及形态研究

采用反应型双螺杆挤出机和熔融接枝技术制备了一系列聚丙烯（PP）接枝物，包括单一单体接枝物PP接枝衣康酸（PP-g-ITA）和双单体接枝物PP接枝ITA和苯乙烯[PP-g-（ITA-co-St）]，通过红外光谱和热分析研究了PP接枝物的结构，并研究了PP接枝物的接枝率和熔体流动速率与单体和引发剂用量的关系。通过反应挤出制备了PP接枝物增容PA6／PP共混物，研究了增容共混物的力学性能和形态结构。结果显示：加入接枝物后，共混体系的冲击强度明显提高；SEM观察表明，接枝物的加入能明显改善增容共混物的两相界面结合状况，降低共混物的分散相尺寸，改善体系的分散状况，共混物的两相界面变得模糊，相容性得到明显提高；DSC测试表明，加入接枝物后，共混物中PA6组分的结晶度下降，PP组合的结晶度上升。表明PP-g-ITA是PA6／PP共混体系有效的增容剂兼增韧剂。     

双单体接枝物增容PP/EVOH共混物形态结构及性能

采用反应型双螺杆挤出机制备了双单体接枝物聚丙烯（PP）接枝马来酸酐（MAH）和三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯（TAIC）[PP-g-(MAH-co-TAIC)],并以此增容PP/乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物（EVOH）共混物。研究了共混增容体系的相容性、流变性能、结晶性能、力学性能和阻隔性能。红外光谱分析表明, 接枝物加入后,在EVOH的羟基和接枝物的酸酐基团之间发生了反应,体系的相容性因此得以改观;TAIC的加入使PP的接枝率提高了13 %;扫描电子显微镜观察证实,接枝物的加入促进了EVOH和PP之间的界面结合,减小了分散相的尺寸。流变性能测试表明,TAIC的加入抑制了PP的降解;差示扫描量热仪分析表明,接枝物的加入使得PP和EVOH的结晶温度得到了提高。双单体接枝物的共混体系与单一单体接枝物的共混体系相比,对力学性能影响不大,但阻隔性能有所提高,当共单体添加量为0.4份（质量份,下同）时,体系的阻隔性能提高了28 %。     

SEBS对SBR/PP热塑性弹性体增容作用的研究

以氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SEBS）作为丁苯橡胶（SBR）/聚丙烯（PP）热塑性硫化胶（TPV）的增容剂,研究增容剂对共混体系的力学性能、共混物硫化交联网络结构、熔融温度以及断面形貌的影响。结果表明,SEBS添加量为6份时,体系的综合力学性能最佳;SEBS的加入提高了有效共硫化程度。增加了体系的化学交联密度;随着SEBS用量的增加,TPV的熔融温度逐渐下降;扫描电镜图片显示SEBS能有效提高界面结合力,提高PP与SBR的相容性。     

加料顺序对动态硫化POE/PP共混物性能的影响

采用有机过氧化物引发交联制备动态硫化聚烯烃弹性体（POE）／聚丙烯（PP）共混物，体系在硫化的同时伴有PP降解（包括共混时的机械降解），影响共混物性能。本工作从加料顺序这一能够显著影响化学反应状态和程度的工艺环节入手，研究提高动态硫化POE／PP共混物性能的途径。     

The Effect of Multiple Compatibilizers on the Impact Properties of Polypropylene/Polystyrene (PP/PS) Blend

Effects of compatibilizers on impact properties of polypropylene/ polystyrene (PP/PS) blends were studied and carried out through melt blending using co- rotating twin-screw extruder. A combination of two compatibilizers, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA) and styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) was applied into PP/PS blends. Results from the Izod impact strengths, SEM observations and contact angle measurements in PP(50)/PS(50) blends indicated a better compatibilization effect with the use of dual compatibilizers. This was most probably due to improved adhesion between phases in PP/PS blend systems. The use of dual compatibilizers in the blend compositions produced higher impact properties in the PP/PS blend systems compared to single compatibilizer system.     

PS／PP反应性共混研究

本文研究了ＲＰＳ（含恶唑啉侧基苯乙烯）和ＭＰＰ的反应性共混以及ＲＰＳ－ＭＰＰ作为ＰＳ／ＰＰ相容剂的效果，考察了ＲＰＳ与ＭＰＰ比例、剪切作用大小对共混物性能的影响并从ＳＥＭ观察ＰＳ／ＰＰ共混物相态结构及其冲击强度测定的结果表明，ＲＰＳ－ＭＰＰ是ＰＳ／ＰＰ体系较好的相容剂。     

Novel reactive compatibilization strategy on immiscible polypropylene and polystyrene blend

Polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) are immiscible and incompatible. Since both PP and PS components possess no reactive functional group, reactive compatibilization of a PP/PS blend is impossible unless certain reactive functional groups are imparted to either PP or PS. In this study we provide a simple approach to reactively compatibilize the nonreactive PP/PS blend system by physically functionalizing PP and PS with the addition of maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP‐g‐MA) and styrene maleic anhydride random copolymer (SMA), respectively. An epoxy monomer, serving as a coupler and possessing four epoxy groups able to react with the maleic anhydride of PP‐g‐MA and SMA, was then added during melt blending. Observations of the finer PS domain sizes and improved mechanical properties support the plausibility of reactive compatibilization of this nonreactive PP/PS blend by combining physically functionalized PP and PS with tetra‐glycidyl ether of diphenyl diamino methane (TGDDM) in a one‐step extrusion process. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

Effect of styrene–isoprene–styrene,styrene–butadiene–styrene,and styrene–butadiene–rubber on the mechanical,thermal, rheological,and morphological properties of polypropylene/polystyrene blends

The mechanical, thermal, rheological, and morphological properties of polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS) blends compatibilized with styrene–isoprene–styrene (SIS), styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS), and styrene–butadiene–rubber (SBR) were studied. The incompatible PP and PS phases were effectively dispersed by the addition of SIS, SBS, and SBR as compatibilizers. The PP/PS blends were mechanically evaluated in terms of the impact strength, ductility, and tensile yield stress to determine the influence of the compatibilizers on the performance properties of these materials. SIS‐ and SBS‐compatibilized blends showed significantly improved impact strength and ductility in comparison with SBR‐compatibilized blends over the entire range of compatibilizer concentrations. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated compatibility between the components upon the addition of SIS, SBS, and SBR by the appearance of shifts in the melt peak of PP toward the melting range of PS. The melt viscosity and storage modulus of the blends depended on the composition, type, and amount of compatibilizer. Scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the compatibility between the PP and PS components in the presence of SIS, SBS, and SBR by showing finer phase domains. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 266–277, 2003     

Influences of component ratio of minor phases and charge sequence on the morphology and mechanical properties of PP/PS/PA6 ternary blends

In this study, influences of both component ratio of minor phases and charge sequence on the morphology and mechanical performance in typical ternary blends, polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS)/polyamide-6 (PA6), have been studied. Reactive compatibilization of the blends has been carried out using multi-monomer melt grafted PP with anhydride groups and styrene segments. For uncompatibilized blends, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and selective solvent extraction showed that the blends presented a core–shell morphology with PS as shell and PA6 as core in the PP matrix, in spite of the component ratio and charge sequence. The shell thickened and droplet size decreased with increasing the PS/PA6 component ratio. While for compatibilized blends, the addition of compatibilizers resulted in a significant reduction of the dispersed droplet size and the phase structure of the dispersed phases was greatly dependent on the charge sequence. When the blending of PA6, g-PP, and PP are preceded, the encapsulation structure reversed into the structure of PS phase encapsulated by PA6 phase, which led to better tensile and flexural strength of the blends.     

Preparation of the anhydride terminated polycarbonate and its reactive compatibilization with polystyrene

Polycarbonate with anhydride end groups (PC‐anh) was prepared by the reaction between polycarbonate having hydroxyl end groups (PC‐OH) and trimellitic anhydride chloride (TMAC). Hydroxyl or anhydride terminated polycarbonates were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The reaction of PC‐anh with polystyrene containing oxazoline reactive groups (RPS) was confirmed not only by the torque measurement during melt blending of these two but also by FTIR spectroscopy of the reactive blend obtained. Polycarbonate (PC) / polystyrene (PS) compatibilized blends were prepared by melt blending along with their reactive counterparts, PC‐anh and RPS in the Haake mixer. The morphologies of these blends were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The compatibilized blends with reactive components showed relatively finer morphologies than the uncompatibilized blend without reactive components. Izod impact strength and rheological property of these blends were also investigated. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1338–1347, 2000     

Improvement of melt spinning properties and conductivity of immiscible polypropylene/polystyrene blends containing carbon black by addition of styrene‐ethylene‐butene‐styrene block copolymer

Conducting polymeric materials prepared from immiscible blends, such as polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS), together with carbon black (CB), are known to have a relatively high electrical conductivity, because of a selective distribution of CB (double percolation). Melt spinning of immiscible blends containing CB has, however, not been extensively reported on previously. An immiscible 1:1 blend of PP and PS to which 4 wt% CB was added exhibited a very low melt draw‐down ratio at rupture compared wit PP with the same content of CB. By adding 5 wt% SEBS (styrene‐ethylene‐butene‐styrene block copolymer), the ultimate melt draw‐down ratio increased about 10 times, which made the material more suitable for melt spinning. As‐extruded samples of the immiscible blends (with CB) did not have higher electrical conductivities than PP/CB. A heat treatment increased the conductivity of immiscible PP/PS/CB composites, and longer treatment times and higher temperatures promoted the conductivity. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

聚丙烯固相接枝物增容PA6/PS共混体系

采用FTIR和WAXD研究了聚丙烯固相接枝苯乙烯（St)和马来酸酐（MAH）的结构，并研究了它对聚酰胺6／聚苯乙烯（PA6／PS）共混体系力学性能的影响及其非等温结晶动力学，研究结果表明，PP上可固相接枝St,MAH;gPP(PP接枝St和MAH双组分接枝物）增容PA6／PS的非等温结晶动力学与MandelKern理论基本吻合。     

Melt rheological properties of polypropylene/SEBS (styrene–ethylene butylene–styrene block copolymer) blends

Study of melt rheological properties of the blends of polypropylene (PP) with styrene–ethylene butylene–styrene block copolymer (SEBS), at blending ratios 5–20% SEBS, is reported. Results illustrate the effects of (i) blend composition and (ii) shear rate or shear stress on melt viscosity and melt elasticity and the extrudate distortion. In general, blending of PP with SEBS results in a decrease of its melt viscosity, processing temperatures, and the tendency of extrudate distortion. However, the properties depend on blending ratio. A blending ratio around 5–10% SEBS seems optimum from the point of view of desirable improvement in processability behavior.     

Influences of compatibilization and compounding process on electrical conduction and thermal stabilities of carbon black‐filled immiscible polypropylene/polystyrene blends

The influences of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) copolymer compatibilizer and compounding process on the electrical conduction and thermal stabilities of carbon black (CB)‐filled immiscible polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS) (1/1) blends were investigated. The immiscible CB/PP/PS composite with CB homogeneously located in the PS phase exhibited the highest resistivity and the fastest variation amplitudes of electrical resistivity (ρ) and rheological parameters upon annealing. An optimal content of 5 vol% SBS could significantly lower ρ of the composites by partially trapping CB particles in the PP/PS interfacial region and by reducing the phase size. The compatibilizer markedly slowed down the variation amplitudes of ρ and rheological parameters and the phase coalescence of the composites submitted to thermal annealing. The (SBS/CB)/PP/PS composite with CB located at the PP/PS interface and in the PP phase prepared by blending a (SBS/CB) masterbatch with PP and PS exhibited lower ρ and better thermal stability in comparison with the CB/SBS/PP/PS composite with CB mainly within the PS phase and partially at the PP/PS interface prepared by direct blending. Spreading and wetting coefficients were used to explain the CB distribution and the phase morphology of the composites. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry