大型单件小批生产的计划与控制模式

大型单件小批生产是大型企业集团的典型生产模式之一,这类企业的生产计划与控制是企业管理的重要组成部分,本文在深入研究各种生产计划与控制模式的基础上,提出了网络计划和MRP计划相结合的一种实用模式,并简要介绍支持该模式和HEC－PPC系统,从而为大型单件小批生产类型企业的生产计划与控制问题,提出了一种可行的解决方案和途径。     

一种实用的网络计划与控制算法

大型单件小批生产类型企业中，关键资源的能力平衡是企业生产计划与控制的关键环节。针对这个关键环节，提出了一种实用的网络计划与控制算法，该算法由项目网络计划算法和关键资源平衡算法组成。最后，在863／CIMS重点应用示范工程中验证了该算法的有效性。     

面向供应链的生产组织计划模式研究

针对大型制造企业的运营形式，提出了一种基于MRPII推式／JIT拉式结合的面向供应链的生产组织计划模式，并探讨了基于该模型的生产计划系统的具体实施策略。     

基于多智能体系统的网络计划与控制模型

大型单件小批生产是大型企业集团的生产模式之一,这类企业中关键设备的能力平衡和利用率是企业生产计划与控制的关键环节。针对这个关键环节,将网络计划与多智能体系技术结合起来,提出了基于多智能体系的网络计划与控制模型,并简要介绍支持该模型的HEC－NPC系统,从而为大型单件小批生产类型企业关键设备的能力平衡问题提供了一种可行的解决方案。     

面向CAPP/PPC集成控制的工艺优化模型研究

为了提高工艺规划在实际生产中的执行性，得到优化的制造资源配置，提出了一种基于动态工艺、以制造资源为核心的计算机辅助工艺设计／生产计划控制并行集成模式，研究了计算机辅助工艺设计／生产计划控制集成过程中的动态工艺优化和制造资源优化配置问题。在讨论动态工艺描述方式的基础上，提出了动态工艺优化分级求解策略。在求解过程中，首先将动态工艺进行分解；然后以成本和交货期为优化目标对分解的工艺进行资源优化配置，从而实现全局的工艺优化和制造资源优化配置；最后，以齿轮轴为例说明了工艺优化模型的正确性和可行性。     

生产管理系统的结构及实现方法

介绍了生产管理系统（ＰＭＳ）的一般概念、体系结构和系统组成，并结合我国大中型企业的混合生产模式的特点，提出了一种实用的ＰＭＳ结构。文中还介绍了用于设计和实现ＰＭＳ的方法论：ＧＩＭ／ＧＲＡＩ方法。最后简介了支持ＰＭＳ底层计划与管理的一个车间生产辅助管理系统ＳＰＭＳＳ。     

基于物料清单/工艺清单的网络图绘制方法

网络计划与MRP结合可以有效地解决大型单件小批混合生产模式企业的生产管理问题。其结合的关键是要建立任务活动网络图与物流清单/工艺清单之间的映射关系，针对这一问题，提出了一种基于物料清单/工艺清单的网络图绘制方法，并具体设计与实现了该方法。     

面向大型产品多项目定制生产模式的CIMS研究

大型产品多项目定制生产是一种非常复杂的生产模式,其主要特征是定制设计工作量大、零部件标准化程度低、单件小批量与多项目并行生产、有限的关键设备能力。这里针对这种生产模式提出了以成组技术为基础CIMS的决体框架,并重点研究了面向CIMS的成组信息编码体系结构、基于网络计划的生产计划编制、基于优化生产技术的物料需求计划方法等关键技术。这些方法对于推动CIMS在多项目定制生产企业的应用与研究具有指导意义。     

先进制造技术在铁制工艺品设计制造系统中的应用

以制造系统综合自动化技术现代生产经营和管理技术为代表的先进制造技术在企业中的应用可以提高企业的竞争力。这里将协同设计和制造资源计划概念应用至铁制工艺品设计制造系统中，基于三维设计软件Pro／Engineer进行开发了这套系统，并讨论了设计中的一些关键问题，提出了一种材料加工中的用料计划的算法。     

基于MRP／均衡生产的诸控制模型

在讨论制造资源计划和准时制生产特点的基础上，提出适合于大批量和中小批量并存的制造系统的生产计划与控制模式，能力平衡计划，均衡生产计划的数学模型。     

基于Internet的设备远程状态监测与故障诊断

探讨了设备远程状态监测与故障诊断系统的实现模式 ,研究了基于Browser/Server模式的远程状态监测与故障诊断系统的优势及其实现关键技术 ,开发了设备远程状态监测与故障诊断系统RMDS ,将其应用于生产现场。     

Rapid one-of-a-kind product development

In today’s global market, more and more manufacturing companies have realised that the ability to quickly develop a customised product in an economic and efficient way is critical for them to survive in the keen competitive international market, particularly for one-of-a-kind production (OKP) companies. A new generation of OKP systems needs to be developed to maintain competitiveness in the global marketplace and to improve the ability to rapidly combine the strengths of manufacturing partners to meet market needs. In this paper, the main objectives of rapid OKP development in the global manufacturing environment are discussed. The background of recent approaches for rapid development of OKP products is reviewed. After systematically reviewing the existing OKP systems and recent developments of new technology and systems, the authors discuss current issues and requirements for developing a new generation of OKP systems for rapidly producing OKP products. At the end of this paper, a reference system structure is proposed for rapid development of OKP products in the global manufacturing environment .     

Automatic control of a One-of-a-Kind Production cell

This paper reports the outcome of a research project which aims to solve the problems in automatic control of the shop floor in One-of-a-Kind Production (OKP) through developing a prototype control system for an experimental OKP cell at the laboratory. The main problems in automatic control of the shop floor in OKP are the frequent changes of product structure or type and consequent changes of production system configuration. These changes in OKP make it necessary to have a highly flexible and robust automatic control system. To resolve the problems, a distributed control system has been developed at the CIM laboratory of the Department of Production, Aalborg University, Denmark. This control system has enough flexibility and robustness to cope with the aforementioned changes in OKP. To support the design and implementation of the control system, several concepts, algorithms and control principles, such as task logic routes, address code of production resources, automatic task decomposition algorithm, generic control modules and distributed control principles are also proposed in this paper.     

分布式多工厂单件制造企业提前/拖期生产计划研究

描述了分布式多工厂单件制造企业交货期下的提前／拖期生产计划,以实现最小化提前／拖期惩罚费用、生产成本以及产品运输费用之和为目标,建立了０－１规划数学模型,利用分枝定界算法得到了生产计划调度方案。计算结果证明了模型的有效性。     

A case study on the object-oriented framework for modeling product families with the dominant variation of the topology in the one-of-a-kind production

Traditional configuration-based product family modeling techniques do not yield favorable solutions for modeling the product families with the dominant product topology variations. This paper presents the case study for the modeling of variations of the product configuration, parameters, and topologies in mass production of custom windows and doors in a one-of-a-kind production (OKP) company. The case study is based on the object-oriented product family modeling framework we developed for OKP which is characterized by the dominant product variation by topology. The problem of variation in topology in our framework is solved by the manual model transformation in the computer-aided design module which creates a new metamodel of products with the desired topology and which is the basis for a further, automatic model transformation. Usage of our framework has a positive effect on the level of the product customizations and shortening of the leading time which helps OKP companies in obtaining a better position at the market. Our software solution for the designing and manufacturing of custom windows and doors based on our framework is implemented in more than 300 mostly small- and medium-sized enterprises. It proves our concept which can be used for the realization of the information systems for computer-aided one-of-a-kind production in the companies with a different production plan.     

A concurrent manufacturing strategy for One-of-a-Kind Products with complicated sculptured surfaces

In this paper, we propose a computer-aided system for concurrently designing and manufacturing a customised or One-of-Kind Production (OKP) mould or die which has complicated sculptured surfaces. Considering the OKP production characteristics of high customisation and concurrent product development and production, we believe that the concurrent consideration of both the design and the manufacturability of a mould or a die would be necessary. This concurrence can be realised by providing timely manufacturability information feedback after a design is completed or a feature is modified or added in the design. The other problem is that the sculptured surface geometry model of a mould or a die does not contain any machining information. Hence we developed an intermediate data model for capturing manufacturing features when we are modelling the geometric form of a mould or a die. The system is based on CADDS5 which is a commercial CAD/CAM system. Two modules for data extraction, coverting and modelling as well as for manufacturability analysis have been developed and added to CADDS5. Using this computer-aided system; a designer can interrogate geometry and machining constraint information through a user friendly interface to avoid defects and inefficiency resulting from an earlier design, and can finalise the design by making quick incremental adjustments. The system has been implemented in a mould and die manufacturing company in China. This implementation leads to less rework and shorter lead time.