食品包装用复合膜的卫生安全性及检测规范

本文从食品包装用复合膜的原材料入手,分析了影响食品包装用复合膜卫生安全性的因素.对比列举了国内外关于食品包装用复合膜的卫生安全方面检测项目和相关法律法规内容.分析了我国食品包装用复合膜的卫生安全问题来源.建议从标准、法律法规的制定、食品包装卫生安全管理模式、技术研发方面着手提升国内的食品包装卫生安全现状.     

我国食品包装材料标准将有首个通则

近日,全国标准化委员会审查通过《食品包装用复合膜、袋通则》,食品包装用的复合膜、袋将有新的标准可依,并且这是我国第一次采用通则形式发布食品包装材料标准。     

包装新闻评论——我国食品包装材料标准将有首个通则!

近日，全国标准化委员会审查通过《食品包装用复合膜、袋通则》，食品包装用的复合膜、袋将有新的标准可依，并且这是我国第一次采用通则形式发布食品包装材料标准。     

食品和药品包装用复合膜溶出物的检测和控制探讨

一、概述 1、食品包装用复合膜与药品包装用复合膜在溶出物检测方法上的差异 食品包装用复合膜的卫生性能指标一般按GB9683-1988<复合食品包装袋的卫生标准>,有甲苯二胺、蒸发残渣、高锰酸钾消耗量、重金属等项目.     

食品包装用复合膜袋中溶剂残留质量分析

对食品包装用复合膜袋产品中溶剂残留量项目进行了全年检测,检测了乙酸乙酯、苯等溶剂。结果表明:食品包装用复合膜袋产品合格率全年为93.47%。本文分析溶剂残留不合格原因,研究其质量对策。     

食品包装用壳聚糖薄膜的研究进展

目的旨在通过系统综述壳聚糖性质、壳聚糖薄膜制备方法,以及壳聚糖薄膜在食品包装上应用的国内外研究成果,为开发可降解性、抗菌性、抗氧化性、阻隔性能以及力学性能均较优秀的壳聚糖食品包装膜提供方法指导。方法综述壳聚糖性能特点、壳聚糖食品包装膜的制备工艺和影响壳聚糖食品包装膜性能的各种因素,重点探讨国内外壳聚糖食品包装的研究现状。结果向成膜配方中添加蛋白类、酚类以及其他天然提取物等助剂,可改善壳聚糖复合膜的物理力学性能、阻隔性能、抗氧化性能以及抗菌性能。结论壳聚糖基于自身的可降解性和抗菌性,在食品包装膜领域具有良好的发展和应用前景,但就目前的研究成果以及壳聚糖复合膜实际应用过程中出现的问题来说,壳聚糖食品包装膜在生产工艺、综合性能等方面还有待提高。     

抗菌性聚乳酸复合膜在食品包装上的研究进展

目的介绍聚乳酸抗菌复合膜用于食品包装上的研究进展,分析不同抗菌剂的作用机理及优缺点,对抗菌性聚乳酸膜在包装上的应用和发展进行展望。方法介绍了聚乳酸抗菌复合膜的制备方法,总结了国内外聚乳酸抗菌复合膜的研究现状,分析其作用机理,讨论了其应用和发展。结果聚乳酸抗菌复合材料对常见食品污染菌有良好的抗菌效果,能有效延长食品的保存期限,用于食品包装上将有很大的潜力。结论聚乳酸抗菌复合材料应用于食品包装上,绿色环保无污染,有非常广阔的发展前景,目前聚乳酸抗菌材料的研究还比较传统和单一,还需向更加高效、安全、环保的方向进行深入研究。     

改性壳聚糖食品包装复合膜的研究进展

壳聚糖是一种可降解的天然高分子,具有良好的成膜性、生物相容性以及一定的抑菌性能,在食品包装领域已有广泛的应用。综述了近年来共混制备的改性壳聚糖食品包装复合膜的研究进展。     

涂硅食品包装膜

涂硅食品包装膜美国食品包装厂开发出一种涂硅食品的包装膜，具有很大的发展潜力。涂硅食品包装膜，即涂玻璃食品包装膜，它是将硅与膜粘合在一起，用于食品包装。与现有的金属化膜、铝箔复合膜、多层塑料膜等包装材料相比较，其优点在于气障性能良好，可延长食品货架寿命...     

浅析我国食品包装材料的问题与发展趋势

本文介绍各类食品包装的应用现状,探讨了食品包装与食品之间的物理化学作用,总结了目前各类食品包装应用中存在的问题,提出了食品包装材料的发展方向。     

Inactivation of Palladium‐based Oxygen Scavenger System by Volatile Sulfur Compounds Present in the Headspace of Packaged Food

An oxygen scavenger based on a catalytic system with palladium (CSP) was recently developed to remove oxygen in food packagings. Although the CSP worked with various types of food, with some foods, an inhibition of the CSP was observed. Because such catalytic systems are susceptible to poisoning by sulfur‐containing compounds, the aim of this study was to understand the inactivation of palladium‐based catalysts in presence of foods containing volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs). To achieve this, the oxygen scavenging activity (OSA) of the CSP was evaluated in presence of selected food products. Afterwards, VSCs mainly present in these foods were exposed to the CSP, and the influence on the OSA was evaluated. Finally, headspace analysis was performed with the diluted VSCs and with the packaged food products using proton transfer reaction time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. It was found that the catalytic activity of the CSP was inhibited when VSCs were present in the headspace in concentrations ranging between 10.8–36.0 ppbv (dimethyl sulfide, DMS), 1.2–7.2 ppbv (dimethyl disulfide), 0.7–0.9 ppbv (dimethyl trisulfide), 2.1–5.8 ppbv (methional) and 4.6–24.5 ppbv (furfuryl thiol). It was concluded that in packaged roast beef and cheese, DMS may be the compound mainly responsible for the inactivation of the CSP. In packagings containing ham, the key compounds were hydrogen sulfide and methanethiol; in peanuts, it was methanethiol; and in par‐baked buns, an accumulation of methional, DMS, butanethiol and methionol. When potato chips were packaged, it was demonstrated that when VSCs are present in low concentrations, oxygen can still be scavenged at a reduced OSA.     

Design of a test method to simulate the stresses encountered by packaging during sea transport

The aim of this research was to design a specific testing method to simulate the mechanical hazards encountered in sea transport regardless of sea routes and sea conditions and to put it into practice with specially designed devices. The Laboratoire National d'Essais (LNE) has carried out this research in cooperation with the French Ship-Building Research Institute. Eight sea routes of major commercial importance have been chosen and among them five zones in which heavy swells are likely to occur. The behaviour of four types of ships (representative of the present merchant fleet) submitted to various sea conditions has been calculated by computer. Moreover, the stacking conditions on board have been observed directly by the LNE. The analysis of parameters which describe the movement of the ship and affect the packagings are, respectively, rolling, pitching and slamming. Consequently, the forces applied to packagings at the bottom of a stack are a vertical compression force and a horizontal force applied by the moving stacked packagings. A special testing device has been designed applying simultaneously to a packaging both a stacking load and a dynamic horizontal force to this load. The test parameters have been adjusted through experimental ranges of tests on box-pallets, the behaviour of which were well known in field trials.     

Measurement of Helium Leakage Rates through Closures of Dangerous Goods Packagings for the Assessment of Potentially Explosive Mixtures in Freight Containers

The objective was to find out whether an explosive atmosphere can be created in a freight container by gaseous leakage flow of vapour‐air‐mixture through leaks in the closures of dangerous goods packagings filled with hazardous liquids. Because of high temperatures during intercontinental carriage, there is a gauge pressure in the free vapour phase inside the packagings which can cause a gaseous leakage flow. Two different methods were applied: Helium limit leakage rates for 23 quantitatively important hazardous liquids concerning their lower explosion limit (LEL) were calculated for a worst case transport scenario (Method 1). Helium leakage rates of five closure types of dangerous goods packagings with volumes of approximately 6 l were measured using the pressure technique by accumulation (Method 2). All types of closures of steel packagings were uncritical. The maximum measured leakage was 33% of the limit leakage rate. The leakage rates of screw closures of plastic jerricans can exceed the LEL if there are production‐related patterns such as non‐concentricity of the closures and flashes on the neck. Especially for plastic packagings it is important to minimize gaseous leakage flow, because an explosive atmosphere can also be reached by permeation of the individual filling substance or by a combination of both effects. For the assessment of potentially explosive mixtures in freight containers, both mass transfer mechanisms have to be taken into account. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Packaging dangerous goods for transport

The principle of uniformity in national and international transport regulations has now been widely recognized and implemented. Most features of the regulations are now fully operational e.g. in respect of classification, permitted packagings and maximum quantities, labelling etc. So far as packaging standards are concerned, 1990 is scheduled as the end of the transitional period. The major problem anticipated, that of the vast numbers of combination packagings needing testing and certifying, has hopefully been reduced to a level consistent with safety by the development of the UN limited quantity provisions, their adoption in the IMDG Code and the similar provisions in RID/ADR. The outstanding questions relate to air transport. Non-specification packagings have been acceptable in air transport under the transitional packaging arrangements since the ICAO Technical Instructions came into effect in 1983/84: these are often far larger in size than those covered in Chapter 15 of the UN Recommendations. As far as is known, the use of these non-specification packagings has not given rise to problems in air transport. It is hoped that the ICAO Dangerous Goods Panel will adopt practical limited quantity provisions from 31 December 1990.     

Chitosan based edible films and coatings: A review

Chitosan is a biodegradable biocompatible polymer derived from natural renewable resources with numerous applications in various fields, and one of which is the area of edible films and coatings. Chitosan has antibacterial and antifungal properties which qualify it for food protection, however, its weak mechanical properties, gas and water vapor permeability limit its uses. This review discusses the application of chitosan and its blends with other natural polymers such as starch and other ingredients for example essential oils, and clay in the field of edible films for food protection. The mechanical behavior and the gas and water vapor permeability of the films are also discussed. References dealing with the antimicrobial behavior of these films and their impact on food protection are explored.     

The effectiveness of the United Nations' leakproofness tests

The regulations for the packaging of dangerous goods, which are applicable world-wide for the various modes of transport, include performance tests. It is impossible to conduct laboratory tests for every environmental condition, but the tests can produce a conservative estimate of the situation during transport. This paper analyses the so-called leakproofness test as one of the design-type tests for packagings covered by the United Nations' (UN) recommendations for dangerous goods.     

Industrial leak testing of dangerous goods packagings

The Dangerous Goods Regulations currently do not include limit leakage rates or sensitivity requirements for industrial leak testing procedures that are equivalent to the bubble test, which is the prescribed test method for design type testing of dangerous goods packagings. During series production of such packagings, various methods are used, which often do not meet the requirements of the bubble test with regard to important criteria. Sensitivity, flow direction, pressure level and automatability are particularly important factors when selecting a suitable industrial leak testing method. The following methods are in principle both suitable and equally effective as the bubble test: pressure rise test (vacuum chamber), ultrasonic bubble leak detection and gas detection methods (pressure technique by accumulation and vacuum chamber technique). To ensure a uniform test level during design type testing and production line leak testing and therefore a comparable safety level as required by the Dangerous Goods Regulations, it is necessary to include a more precise specification in these regulations. This requires, on the one hand, information about the sensitivity of the bubble test and, on the other hand, the inclusion of a list of suitable, equally effective industrial test methods with their specific boundary conditions.     

包装材料对大豆贮藏品质影响的研究

目的研究大豆在贮藏过程中包装材料对其品质变化的影响。方法采用3种包装材料(PE,PA/PE,BOPP/PA/PE)对大豆进行真空保鲜包装,监测常规储藏和不同材料包装大豆存储期间品质指标的变化,研究包装材料对大豆保鲜效果的影响。结果用薄膜包装大豆的重要品质指标均明显优于对照组,储藏至18个月时,3种包装大豆的脂肪酸值分别为20.2 mg/100 g,15.5 mg/100 g,13.7mg/100 g,而对照组大豆的脂肪酸值达到28.6 mg/100 g,已开始陈化;3种薄膜包装大豆的蛋白质溶解比率分别为71%,75.8%,74.2%,对照组的大豆蛋白质溶解比率为61.8%,高于国家规定不易存储的临界值。结论包装材料能够明显改善大豆的储藏品质,其中材料的阻隔性对大豆保鲜效果影响最显著,3种薄膜中BOPP/PA/PE的保鲜效果最优。     

Active Packaging Films from Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer and Clove Essential Oil as Shelf Life Extenders for Grass Carp Slice

Active packaging provides a way to prevent the food putrefaction effectively . Various studies provide information on the actual preservation effect of active packaging or the migration of active agents from active films into various food stimulants separately. However, there is little related data available regarding the combined analysis of release and preservation effect. In this work, we examined the properties of active food packaging films successfully produced by extrusion of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) films with clove essential oil (C). The characterization of mechanical, thermal and barrier properties of the packaging polymers film showed that the addition of clove essential oil did not decrease their properties and C as plasticizer improved process fluidity of EVOH resin. The release of C from film to various food stimulants was measured by using HPLC, and Fickian diffusion models were used to fit the data with appropriate equation. The effects of E/C (ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer/clove essential oil) films on quality assessment of Grass Carp slice based on sensory analysis and biochemical indices during refrigerated storage (4 ± 1°C) were examined over the period of 10 days. Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), total viable counts, pH, TBA, water holding capacity (WHC) and texture properties were evaluated. The results indicated that the active film containing 3% clove essential oil had different release parameters in four food stimulants and it could effectively maintain the fish freshness and extend the shelf life to 7–8 days during cold storage compared with control group, which was only 4 days. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

静电纺丝纳米纤维在食品智能包装中的研究进展

目的 食品智能包装是一种能够感知食品品质变化并反馈给消费者的新型包装技术,通过总结静电纺丝纳米纤维在食品智能包装中的研究进展,为未来智能包装技术的发展提供借鉴。方法 介绍静电纺丝装置的原理及其影响因素,举例介绍适用于静电纺丝技术的各种生物基食品包装材料,总结静电纺丝技术在不同智能包装技术中的最新应用进展,并分析静电纺丝技术的优势。结论 静电纺丝纳米纤维具有孔隙率高、比表面积大、材料选择灵活、非热工艺等优点,将它与智能包装集成应用可提高智能包装膜的稳定性和灵敏性,进一步提高了智能包装膜的性能。