Ag的掺入对MTa2O5多层复合涂层的微观结构、 耐蚀性和抗菌性能的影响

采用磁控溅射技术在Ti6Al4V合金表面制备了含Ag和不含Ag的Ta_2O_5/Ta_2O_5/Ta_2O_5-TiO_2/TiO_2/Ti多层复合涂层(分别用Ag-MTa_2O_5和MTa_2O_5表示),通过SEM、XRD、EDS、纳米压痕仪、电化学工作站和平板计数法,对涂层试样进行表征与检测。研究结果表明,Ag的掺杂对MTa_2O_5多层涂层的结构和性能有重要影响。与MTa_2O_5涂层相比,Ag-MTa_2O_5涂层表面的晶粒变粗、致密度降低、机械性能和耐腐蚀性能略有下降;但Ag-MTa_2O_5涂层的抗菌率为100%,显示出优异的抗菌性能。     

Ti(CN)/TiC/Al2O3/TiN多层涂层的结构和界面结合力研究

采用中温、高温复合化学气相沉积技术(MHCVD)在WC- (6％wt)Co硬质合金基体表面制备了Ti(CN)/TiC/Al2O3/TiN 多层陶瓷涂层.通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和数显显微硬度计等手段分析多层陶瓷涂层的表面及断面形貌、物相组成、显微硬度;采用表面划痕实验,结合形貌观察及X射线能谱分析(EDS)研究多层陶瓷涂层/硬质合金基体的界面结合力及其影响因素.结果表明:Ti(CN)/TiC/Al2O3/TiN 多层陶瓷涂层结构均匀致密,涂层后硬质合金的显微硬度明显提高,约2600 HV,多层陶瓷涂层与基体界面结合良好,划痕实验显示临界载荷高达105 N,多层陶瓷涂层界面间的原子扩散作用对涂层/基体界面附着力有较大贡献,而涂层内部少量Ti2O3、W6Co6C 等物相的存在对提高界面结合力也有帮助.     

Ti基IrO2+Ta2O5阳极的电化学特性

测量了Ti基IrO2 Ta2O5混合氧化物涂层的电化学阻抗谱（EIS），研究了Ti基IrO2 Ta2O5混合氧化物涂层阳极在H2SO4溶液中的电化学表面结构以及电化学行为，这种涂层阳极具有多层电化学结构，低频段的阻抗行为对应电极外表面/溶液界面的阻抗特性，高频段对应内表面/溶液界面的电化学特性和电极的物理阻抗。在析氧电位下，由于析出氧气的冲击，电极表面的总反应面积增大，而且析出的氧气对电极表面的改性受表面涂层的组织形态影响很大，由于晶粒的最细化，这种改性作用在IrO2含量为70%时最为明显，制备温度的升高使氧化物电极的多孔结构变得不明显，致密度上升以及活性表面积下降。     

AZ31和Ti6Al4V表面Nb2O5涂层的微观结构与性能研究

采用射频溅射技术在AZ31镁合金和Ti6Al4V钛合金表面分别沉积Nb2O5陶瓷涂层,对比研究其微观结构、残余应力、附着力和耐腐蚀性能。研究结果表明：两种涂层试样表面组织致密,颗粒大小均匀,无明显的裂纹和孔洞等缺陷。当Nb2O5涂层的厚度为1.98 μm时,Ti6Al4V涂层试样的残余应力（27.1 MPa）比AZ31涂层试样的小65.1%,附着力（9.24 N）比AZ31涂层试样的大13.2倍。Nb2O5陶瓷涂层能明显提高Ti6Al4V和AZ31的耐腐蚀性能,但在腐蚀电流密度的降低幅度、极化电阻的增大程度和保护效率方面,镁合金涂层试样优于钛合金涂层试样。     

微波烧结TiC/Ti6Al4V复合材料的高温氧化行为

采用微波烧结法制备TiC/Ti6Al4V复合材料,研究TiC/Ti6Al4V复合材料在550、650和750℃空气中的恒温氧化行为,并对氧化膜的表面、截面形貌及相组成进行了分析。结果表明:TiC/Ti6Al4V复合材料由TiC、ɑ-Ti+β-Ti三种物相组成。随着氧化温度的增加,TiC/Ti6Al4V复合材料的氧化规律由抛物线型转变为直线型,在650℃温度以下,复合材料的氧化产物主要由TiO_2组成,而750℃时氧化层主要有外层极薄的TiO_2、中间层Al_2O_3和TiO_2混合区及大部分内层TiO_2三部分组成。随着TiC含量增加,氧化激活能增大,氧化物粒径减小,TiC/Ti6Al4V复合材料的抗氧化性能也越好。     

纳米TiO2/Sb2O5涂层的光生阴极保护研究

采用溶胶凝胶法在304不锈钢表面制备了纳米TiO₂/Sb₂O₅叠层涂层. 用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对涂层表面形貌、晶体结构以及组成进行表征. 采用电化学方法研究涂层的光电化学性能与光生阴极保护特性. 结果表明,所制备的纳米TiO₂/Sb₂O₅叠层涂层表面连续、均匀、致密;XRD分析表明纳米TiO₂为锐钛矿型;XPS分析表明纳米涂层表面与内层均由Ti、Sb、O、C四种元素组成;稳定电位与极化曲线测试表明,在3%NaCl溶液中,纳米TiO₂/Sb₂O₅叠层涂层的光电化学性能低于纯纳米TiO₂涂层,但纳米TiO₂/Sb₂O₅涂层经紫外光照1h,停止紫外光照后的延时阴极保护作用可达4h. 通过研究分析,提出了一种新的纳米叠层涂层光生阴极保护作用机理.     

C/C复合材料Ta2O5-TaC/SiC抗氧化抗烧蚀涂层研究

采用包埋法和低压化学气相沉积(CVD)法在碳/碳(C/C)复合材料表面依次制备了Ta2O5-TaC内涂层和SiC外涂层,用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及电子能谱(EDS)对涂层的相组成、微观形貌和元素组成进行了分析,研究了涂覆涂层后C/C复合材料在1 500℃静态空气中的防氧化性能及在氧-乙炔烧蚀中的抗烧蚀性能。结果表明:采用两步法制得的Ta2O5-TaC/SiC复合涂层结构致密,该复合涂层有效提高了C/C复合材料的抗氧化和抗烧蚀性能;Ta2O5-TaC/SiC复合涂层在1 500℃静态空气环境下可对C/C复合材料有效保护100 h以上;涂层试样在氧乙炔烧蚀环境中烧蚀60 s表明涂层可将C/C复合材料的线烧蚀率降低47.07%,质量烧蚀率降低29.20%。     

表面活性剂对Ti/IrO2+Ta2O5阳极性能的影响

采用热分解法和Pechini法制备了Ti/IrO2+Ta2O5阳极,通过SEM、极化曲线、循环伏安、电化学阻抗谱及强化电解寿命试验等测试手段,研究表面活性剂对Ti/IrO2+Ta2O5阳极微观结构和电催化性能的影响。结果表明,加入适量的表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)可以明显改善涂液的涂刷性能;与热分解法相比,阳极表面呈现较多的龟裂纹,而且裂纹变宽加深,其电化学活性表面积增大,析氧电催化活性提高,但稳定性降低。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备的Ti/IrO2+Ta2O5阳极涂层性能

热分解法制备的涂层性能不够理想,现更多采用溶胶-凝胶法,但传统溶胶-凝胶法制备阳极仍存在工艺复杂、可操作性差的缺点.从电极的前驱体入手,将贵金属的无机盐制备成有机盐,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Ti/IrO2+Ta2O5阳极涂层,并与热分解法制备的涂层进行了对比研究.经SEM,EDX,循环伏安,电化学阻抗谱及强化电解寿命试验表明,与热分解法相比,由溶胶-凝胶法制备的氧化物阳极涂层表面呈现较多的龟裂纹,且有少量氧化铱晶簇析出,其电化学活性表面积增大,提高了电极的电催化活性,但稳定性降低.     

0Cr15Ni5Cu2Ti钢表面多弧离子镀TiAlSiN涂层的性能研究北大核心CSCD

采用多弧离子镀技术在0Cr15Ni5Cu2Ti钢表层制备TiAlSiN涂层;采用X射线衍射分析膜层的物相成分;利用显微硬度计检测涂层的硬度;利用扫描电镜观察TiAlSiN涂层的形貌;利用能谱仪对涂层表面的组成及含量采取分析;采用自动划痕仪测定涂层结合力;用高温热处理炉对涂层进行高温抗氧化实验。结果表明:基材经多弧离子镀膜,其表面均匀平整、致密度高,但有一定量的微孔洞和大颗粒。镀有TiAlSiN涂层的试样平均硬度达到1971.4HV0.2。镀有TiAlSiN涂层的试样与原始0Cr15Ni5Cu2Ti钢的相比,其氧化速率远低于原始0Cr15Ni5Cu2Ti钢的,而高温抗氧化性优于原始0Cr15Ni5Cu2Ti钢。划痕实验结果表明:膜基结合力约10N,此次实验涂层与基材的结合力较低。     

电解液中Na_2WO_4对Ti_2AlNb微弧氧化膜结构及摩擦磨损性能的影响

选取硅酸盐/磷酸盐体系在Ti_2AlNb表面制备微弧氧化陶瓷膜,利用SEM,XRD,XPS等研究了电解液中Na_2WO_4对氧化膜生长过程、微观结构及成分的影响,同时评价了Ti_2AlNb微弧氧化膜的摩擦磨损行为。结果表明:硅酸盐/磷酸盐电解液中,氧化膜生长速率仅为0.08μm/min,膜层较疏松,表面存在大孔相连的"网状"结构,主要相组成为金红石TiO_2、锐钛矿TiO_2、Al_2O_3及Nb_2O_5。电解液中加入Na_2WO_4,缩短了Ti_2AlNb合金的起弧时间、提高了氧化膜的生长速率、改善了膜层均匀性,同时在膜层中引入了少量WO_3。此外,在Na_2WO_4参与下制备的微弧氧化膜的耐磨性更好。与Si_3N_4对磨时,Ti_2AlNb合金发生严重的磨粒磨损,摩擦因数高达0.5~0.7;含4g/L Na_2WO_4电解液中制备的Ti_2AlNb微弧氧化膜的摩擦因数、比磨损率分别为0.24及6.2×10~(-4) mm~3/(N·m),表面仅出现"鱼鳞状"疲劳磨损特征。     

Improved Tribocorrosion Properties of Ti6Al4V Alloy by Anodic Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

Ti6Al4V alloy has good corrosion resistance due to the formation of the passive oxide films on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy. However, Ti6Al4V alloy has poor tribocorrosion resistance in the seawater environment. Herein the present work, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) with the electrolyte of glycerol and sodium borate is used to generate PEO coatings on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy to improve its tribocorrosion properties. The microstructure and tribocorrosion properties of PEO coatings are investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tribometer, respectively. The growth kinetics and the tribocorrosion mechanisms of PEO coatings are discussed in detail. It is shown in the results that PEO coatings deposited on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy are composed of rutile and anatase phases. The surface hardness and thickness of PEO coatings are enhanced with the increase of the voltage and time. The wear rate of Ti6Al4V alloy with PEO coatings is significantly reduced in artificial seawater.     

Mechanical properties and microstructures of new Ti–Fe–Ta and Ti–Fe–Ta–Zr system alloys

β-type titanium alloys consisting of non-toxic elements, Ti–8Fe–8Ta, Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr, and Ti–10Fe–10Ta–4Zr, were newly designed and developed for biomedical applications. Changes in the mechanical properties of the designed alloys with various heat treatments were discussed on the basis of the resultant microstructures. In addition, the corrosion resistance of the designed alloys was evaluated by polarization testing in Hank's solution. Conventional biomedical titanium (cp-Ti) and the titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V ELI were also polarized for comparison.The structural phase of the designed alloys, after cold rolling and solution treatment, was only the β phase. Ultimate tensile strength and elongation to fracture of Ti–8Fe–8Ta, Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr, and Ti–10Fe–10Ta–4Zr after solution treatment were 1066 MPa and 10%, 1051 MPa and 10%, and 1092 MPa and 6%, respectively. Ti–8Fe–8Ta and Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr have higher strength than those of conventional biomedical titanium alloys such as Ti–6Al–4V ELI, Ti–6Al–7Nb, and Ti–13Nb–13Zr. In particular, the elongations at failure of Ti–8Fe–8Ta and Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr were equal to those of Ti–6Al–4V ELI and Ti–6Al–7Nb. The designed alloys and conventional biomedical titanium alloys were spontaneously passivated in Hank's solution. The current density of cp-Ti and Ti–6Al–4V ELI was increased at a potential above 2.5 V. On the other hand, the current density of the designed alloys abruptly increased at a potential above 3.5 V. The designed alloys have the advantage over cp-Ti and Ti–6Al–4V ELI in their high resistance to pitting corrosion in biological environments.Therefore, new β-type titanium alloys designed in this study, Ti–8Fe–8Ta and Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr, are expected to have good properties as biomaterials.     

Tribological Properties of Mo-N Hard Coatings on Ti6Al4V by Double Glow Discharge Technique

Mo-N hard coatings on Ti6Al4V were formed using double glow discharge technique. The fundamental coating properties, such as the phase, hardness and elastic modulus were investigated. The tribological performances of the coatings in dry wear condition were studied by means of ball-on-disc wear machine. The experimental results showed that the thickness of the Mo-N hard coating was about 10 µm. The coating was single fcc γ-Mo2N phase with (200) preferred orientation. The hardness and the elastic modulus of the coating was 13.80 GPa and 261.65 GPa respectively. The surface treatment enhanced the hardness and elastic modulus of the surface of Ti6Al4V base greatly. With GCr15 slider ball, the friction coefficient of the Mo-N hard coating was in the range of 0.56~0.65 at the steady state. Though the coating did not show friction reducing effect, it improved the wear resistance of Ti6Al4V greatly.     

Laser surface coating of Mo–WC metal matrix composite on Ti6Al4V alloy

Laser surface alloying of Mo, WC and Mo–WC powders on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloys using a 2 kW Nd-YAG laser was performed. The dilution effect upon the microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance of the surface metal matrix composite (MMC) coating was investigated. With a constant thickness of pre-placed powder, the dilution levels of the alloyed layers were found to increase with the incident laser power. The fabricated surface MMC layer was metallurgically bonded to the Ti6Al4V substrate. The microhardness of the fabricated surface layer was found to be inversely proportional to the dilution level. The EDAX and XRD spectra results show that new intermetallic compounds and alloy phases were formed in the MMC layer. With the existence of Mo content in the pre-placed powder, the β-phase of Ti in the MMC coating can be retained at the quenching process. With increasing weight percentage content of WC particles in the Mo–WC pre-pasted powder, the microhardness and sliding wear resistance of the laser surface coating were increased by 87% and 150 times, respectively, as compared with the Ti6Al4V alloy. The surface friction of the laser-fabricated MMC coatings was also decreased as compared with the worn Ti6Al4V substrate.     

Fabrication of Al and Al/Ti coatings on magnesium alloy by sputtering

Multi-magnetron sputtering was applied to prepare aluminum coating and aluminum/titanium multilayer coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy. FESEM, AFM and XRD were used to investigate the morphology and phase structure of these obtained coatings. Aluminum coating presented a (111) preferred texture and this texture was strongly strengthened with the Ti(002) plane as template in Al/Ti multilayer coating. The top surface of Al/Ti-coated sample took on a round roof-like morphology compared to the pyramid-like morphology of Al-coated sample. The result of polarization tests showed that both Al coating and Al/Ti multilayer coating could improve the corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.     

Wear behaviors of an (TiB + TiC)/Ti composite coating fabricated on Ti6Al4V by laser cladding

A titanium-based composite coating reinforced by in situ synthesized TiB whiskers and TiC particles was successfully fabricated on Ti6Al4V by laser cladding. The coating is mainly composed of α-Ti cellular dendrites and a eutectic in which a large number of needle-shaped TiB whiskers and a few equiaxial TiC particles are uniformly embedded. The wear resistance of the coating is significantly superior to that of Ti6Al4V under the dry sliding wear condition at room temperature.     

Fabrication of nano-structured HA/CNT coatings on Ti6Al4V by electrophoretic deposition for biomedical applications

In order to improve the bone bioactivity and osteointegration of metallic implants, hydroxyapatite (HA) is often coated on their surface so that a real bond with the surrounding bone tissue can be formed. In the present study, cathodic electrophoretic deposition (EPD) has been attempted for depositing nanostructured HA coatings on titanium alloy Ti6Al4V followed by sintering at 800 degrees C. Nano-sized HA powder was used in the EPD process to produce dense coatings. Moreover, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were also used to reinforce the HA coating for enhancing its mechanical strength. The surface morphology, compositions and microstructure of the monolithic coating of HA and nanocomposite coatings of HA with different CNT contents (4 to 25%) on Ti6Al4V were investigated by scanning-electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Xray diffractometry, respectively. Electrochemical corrosion behavior of the various coatings in Hanks' solution at 37 degrees C was investigated by means of open-circuit potential measurement and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests. Surface hardness, adhesion strength and bone bioactivity of the coatings were also studied. The HA and HA/CNT coatings had a thickness of about 10 microm, with corrosion resistance higher than that of the substrate and adhesion strength higher than that of plasma sprayed HA coating. The properties of the composite coatings were optimized by varying the CNT contents. The enhanced properties could be attributed to the use of nano-sized HA particles and CNTs. Compared with the monolithic HA coating, the CNT-reinforced HA coating markedly increased the coating hardness without deteriorating the corrosion resistance or adhesion strength.