一种评定絮凝剂特性的新方法

通常用实验室分批园筒试验来评价絮凝剂增强悬浮液沉降速度的效率。本文分别用分批园筒试验和一种新的絮凝装置试验来测定絮剂的特性，并将二者进行比较。这种新的絮装置是一组竖直安装的同心旋转的园筒装置。     

平炉顶吹氧枪的气体动力学研究

通过对平炉顶吹氧枪进行测定和实验研究,阐述了氧枪喷管中气体流动的基本规律,并从理论上导出了与拉伐尔喷管形式相同的直筒喷管流量计算公式,简化了直筒喷管的流量计算。直筒喷管流出的氧气射流中存在着强激波,使射流的滞止压力沿轴向衰减较快。为了减弱氧气射流中激波的强度,研制了一种加工简便的直筒-扩张型超音速喷管。实验研究证实,这种喷管和拉伐尔喷管的氧气射流的特性基本相同。文中介绍了这种喷管的性能和设计方法。     

铝挤压机挤压筒测温孔的加工方法及径向定位吊具

正中国专利CN201010538044.1本发明公开了一种铝挤压机挤压筒测温孔的加工方法,在挤压筒的外筒、中筒、内筒三个筒进行调质热处理之前,进行测温孔的钻孔加工,包括以下步骤:第一步,在外筒上进行测温孔的钻孔;第二步,对外筒进行调质热处理;第三步,在中筒上进行测温孔的钻孔;第四步,对中筒进行调质热处理;第五步,将中筒与内筒热套为一体,,成为中内筒;第六步,将外筒与中内筒进行热套装配,使外筒与中筒上的测温孔同轴度符合精度要求。本发明在调质前先加工外筒上的测温孔和中筒上的测温孔,并且将外筒的测温孔放大,能够避免在高硬度条件下钻孔,能够大大降低加工难度,节省生产时间,降低刀具的损耗,降     

浅析煤样水分对发热量的影响

单位质量的燃料完全燃烧所产生的热量称为发热量。介绍了发热量的分类;分析了宣钢炼铁厂进厂喷吹煤与入炉煤粉发热量Qb,ad差异大的原因;同时探讨了发热量质量控制指标的选择。研究结果表明:分析煤样的水分对弹筒发热量测定结果影响较大;当改进制样条件,降低煤样水分至4%以下时,弹筒发热量约提高10%;采用干燥基弹筒发热量作为质量控制标准,可以更好地消除煤样水分波动对发热量带来的不利影响。     

大型圆筒混合机筒体制造工艺设计分析与论证

圆筒混合机的制造成功是大型机械设备国产化的新成果。混合机筒体的制造质量,直接关系整台设备运行的稳定性和使用寿命,是该设备制造技术重点、难点及核心。本文在分析这种超大型筒体结构特征及其关键制造技术的基础上,阐述了筒体的分段组合制造工艺方案的合理性,并详细论述了关系筒体强度和使用寿命各筒节焊接工艺的措施及关系筒体整体制造质量各关键筒节的制造工艺、工艺施工中的关键技术措施。通过筒体制造精度的检测结果验证了确保筒体最终制造质量的筒体组焊工艺、工艺装备及其调整、齿圈架法兰精整加工工艺设计是成功的。     

金属挤压用圆(扁)挤压筒优化设计与制造实践

针对挤压筒结构设计、有限元强度计算、原材料选择、热处理及多层挤压筒过盈量的选定等影响挤压筒寿命的诸多问题,结合近三十年挤压筒设计制造实践进行了详尽的论述。     

回转窑筒体的热应力分析

筒体是回转窑的重要部件,筒体上热应力的分布和计算对筒体设计至关重要。本文讨论回转窑筒体上热应力的主要影响因素、热应力集中现象、筒体的选材等问题。     

混合机筒体危险截面的确定和强度校核

筒体装置是圆筒混合机的主体。由筒体、滚圈、大齿圈、筒体内附件等组成。本文分析了5B150 3.6 m×13 m圆筒混合机筒体上载荷的分布情况,确定了滚圈危险截面并根据建立的数学模型进行强度校核。     

分离器中心筒脱落原因分析

通过对分离器中心筒进行化学成分分析、拉伸试验、硬度试验以及金相低倍和高倍组织观察,结合现场勘查情况以及中心筒的服役工况环境,分析讨论了中心筒脱落的原因。结果表明,中心筒内部存在大量宏观气孔、夹渣、异金属等冶金缺陷,铸件致密性较差,是导致吊钩断裂和中心筒整体脱落的主要原因。     

一种大型筒体加工用组合工装治具设计

本文以大型回转设备球磨机筒体加工为例,将原筒体外圆、端面、法兰轮带等卷制、吊装运输中用于定位和防治筒体变形使用的不同结构、规格的组合固定死支撑装置,通过结构设计改进及优化,设计成满足不同规格结构、规格筒体加工定位、防变形需要的可拆卸组合活支撑,应用在筒体加工过程,使用效果良好。     

高比容钽粉物理参数对其比电容的影响

研究了国内某高比容钽粉的平均粒径,钽粉形貌,压制密度以及烧结温度等物理参数对其比电容的影响,用计算机回归了其关系方程;特别是论述了高比容钽粉的温度特性,产与国外ＰＬ－２２钽粉作了对比。结果表明钽粉颗粒越细,烧结时其比电容的损失速率越大;而且每一粒度的钽粉对应着一个最佳烧结温度,可以保证其比电容的损失速率最小。国内高比容钽粉温度特性较差的主要原因是粒度不够均匀,粒形过于复杂,球团化程度不佳。     

The influence of temperature on the infectivity of Fasciola hepatica miracidia to Lymnaea truncatula

Experiments were performed to study the effect of water temperature on the host-finding capacity (snail localization, attachment, and penetration) of Fasciola hepatica miracidia. Specimens of Lymnaea truncatula were exposed to miracidia labeled in vivo with radioselenium, and the radioactivity which subsequently was confined to the snails was taken as a measure of the host-finding capacity of the parasite. The minimum temperature required for host-finding was 5 to 6 C and the optimum temperature was in the range between 15 and 26 C. The lack of host-finding capacity below 5 to 6 C could be reversed experimentally by raising the temperature. A clear inverse relationship was demonstrated between the environnd 24 C the host-finding capacity ceased after 24 to 30, 20 to 24, and 13 to 20 hr, respectively.     

Low-temperature heat capacity of high-purity gadolinium

The heat capacity of high-purity gadolinium is measured in a temperature range of 2–15 K. The Debye temperature and electronic heat capacity coefficient are evaluated.     

添加元素对贮氢电极材料 MlNi3.8(CoMn)1.2电化学及高温性能的影响

研究了微量元素Ti,Zr,Al对MlNi3 .8(CoMn) 1.2 合金电化学性能及高温性能的影响。添加少量铝虽然使合金在室温的放电容量和高倍率放电容量降低 ,但可显著提高高温下的容量 ,并有效抑制自放电 ,提高循环稳定性 ;添加少量钛或锆均降低合金的放电容量 ,但可改善高倍率放电性能。锆还可提高合金的循环稳定性 ,延长电极寿命。     

Performance limits of low-temperature, continuous locomotion are exceeded when locomotion is intermittent in the ghost crab

Since a decline in temperature decreases aerobic capacity and slows the kinetics of exercise-to-rest transitions in ectotherms, we manipulated body temperature to better understand the performance limits of intermittent locomotion. Distance capacity (i.e., the total distance traveled before fatigue) of the ghost crab, Ocypode quadrata, was determined during acute exposure to 15 degrees C inside a treadmill-respirometer. Instead of exacerbating the near-paralyzing effects of low body temperature resulting from the frequent transitions, intermittent locomotion allowed animals to exceed the performance limits measured during steady-state locomotion. At low temperature, distance capacity for continuous locomotion at 0.04 m s(-1) (83% maximum aerobic speed) was 60 m. When 30 s of exercise at 0.08 m s(-1) (166% maximum aerobic speed) was alternated with 30 s of rest, distance capacity increased to 271 m, 4.5-fold greater than continuous locomotion at the same average speed (83% maximum aerobic speed). A 30-s pause following a 30-s exercise period was sufficient for maintaining low lactate concentrations in muscle and for partial resynthesis of arginine phosphate. A greater dependency on nonoxidative metabolism due to slowed oxygen uptake kinetics at low temperature resulted in a decreased duration of the critical exercise period, which increased performance relative to that measured at higher temperatures (30 s at 15 degrees C vs. 120 s at 24 degrees C). Despite the ghost crab's limited aerobic capacity at 15 degrees C, distance capacity during intermittent locomotion at low temperature can be comparable to that of a crab moving continuously at a body temperature 10 degrees C warmer. While endurance capacity is generally correlated with maximum aerobic speed, we have demonstrated that both locomotor behavior and body temperature must be considered when characterizing performance limits.     

Effects of Cobalt Content and Preparation on Electrochemical Capacity of AB5-Type Hydrogen Storage Alloys at Different Temperature

The effects of Co as a substituent for Ni on microstructure and electrochemical capacity of hydrogen storage alloys MI(NiCoMnAl)5.4 at -30～ 80 ℃, in which the content of Co was 0, 1.31%, 2.63%, 3.94%, 5.25%, and 6.56% (mass fraction), respectively, were reported. All of the alloys were prepared by vacuum induction melting followed by melt-spinning. It is found that the electrochemical capacity of alloys at different temperature depends upon the compositions and preparation methods. The electrochemical capacity of alloys increases at higher temperature (40 ～ 80 ℃ )and decreases at lower temperature ( - 30 ～ 0 ℃ ) with an increasing cobalt content. With an increasing temperature,melt-spinning is more favorable for improved capacity of the alloys than casting. Analyses of the charging/discharging potential curves illustrate that higher cobalt content and melt-spinning techniques are more effective to increase the capacity at higher temperature because of the higher hydrogen evolution potential. On the contrary, the capacity of alloys at lower temperature can be increased by decreasing cobalt content and casting, which is ascribed to higher hydrogen evolution potential and delayed hydrogen evolution reaction, as well as reduced potential drop in the charging/discharging process.XRD patterns confirm that all of the specimens present a single hexagonal CaCu5-type structure and an increased lattice parameters with increasing Co content. The FWHM of the main peak of melt-spun ribbons reduces because of more homogeneous composition and less lattice strain defects.     

Modeling the thermal state of the intermediate capacity of the electron-beam furnace

A mathematical model of the temperature field distribution in an intermediate capacity of the electron-beam furnace taking into account the electron beam power, its parametric scan functions, water-cooling parameters, phase transformations of the treated material, and the convective flow of the melt from its feeding place to pouring into the crystallizer is created. Program software making it possible to find the quantitative characteristics and visualize the heat flux distribution over the scan surface and the unsteady temperature field in the intermediate capacity volume is developed. Examples of modeling the temperature field distribution and the position of the solid-liquid interface in the intermediate capacity at various electron beam powers are shown.     

Sulfide capacity of high alumina blast furnace slags

Sulfide capacities of high alumina blast furnace slags were experimentally determined using the gas-slag equilibration technique. Two different slag systems were considered for the current study, namely, CaO-SiO₂-MgO-Al₂O₃ quaternary and CaO-SiO₂-MgO-Al₂O₃-TiO₂ quinary system. The liquid slag was equilibrated with the Ar-CO-CO₂-SO₂ gas mixture. Experiments were conducted in the temperature range of 1773 to 1873 K. The effects of temperature, basicity, and the MgO and TiO₂ contents of slags on sulfide capacity were studied. As expected, sulfide capacity was found to increase with the increase in temperature and basicity. At the higher experimental temperature, titania decreases the sulfide capacity of slag. However, at the lower temperature, there was no significant effect of titania on the sulfide capacity of slag. Sulfide capacity increases with the increase in MgO content of slag if the MgO content is more than 5 pct.     

高炉渣排氯能力的试验

 为找到合理有效的炉渣排氯制度,使得炉渣排氯能力最大化,在对高炉内氯元素进行热力学分析的基础上,研究了高炉渣的化学成分、温度以及恒温时间对排氯能力的影响。结果表明,高炉渣的排氯率随着炉渣碱度的提高而增加;其排氯率随温度的增加而降低;随[w(MgO)]的增加,其排氯率先增加后降低;随[w(Al2O3)]的增加,其排氯率先增加,当渣中[w(Al2O3)]超过16%时,其对炉渣排氯率的影响不大;随着恒温时间的延长,炉渣的排氯率降低。高炉在保证正常生产的前提下,应适当地提高炉渣碱度,降低高炉渣温度和增加出渣铁次数,[w(MgO)]和[w(Al2O3)]应保持在11.0%和16.0%左右,以提高炉渣的排氯能力,减少氯元素对高炉冶炼和后续设备产生的不利影响。     

LiNi0.6Co0.1Mn0.3O2正极材料的合成与性能

采用共沉淀-高温固相法制备LiNi0.6Co0.1Mn0.3O2锂离子正极材料,并使用X 射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）技术分别表征其结构和形貌.然后将所得LiNi0.6Co0.1Mn0.3O2正极材料组装成扣式电池,并表征其电化学性能,探讨烧结温度和锂配量对其电化学性能的影响.结果表明：所得LiNi0.6Co0.1Mn0.3O2正极材料的放电比容量随烧结温度的升高而增大,且在900℃时表现出最佳的电化学性能.室温下,1C倍率下,锂配量(n(Li)/n(Ni+ Co+ Mn)=1.09)时,正极材料的首次放电容量为143.7 mAh/g,50次循环后,正极材料的放电比容量仍有141.3 mAh/g,容量保持率为98.3%.