车用柴油机的废气排放及其与液力变矩器匹配的关系

柴油车辆运转时排放出有害的废气,它对大气造成严重污染;而工作于空间狭小废气不易散发的地下柴油车辆,其排出的废气危害性就更加严重,既妨碍生产率的提高,且影响工人身体健康。所以,废气有害物含量的高低,既是评价地面柴油车辆好坏的一个因素,更是衡量地下柴油车辆的关键指标之一。在国外,     

酸化油生物柴油喷雾特性试验

燃油的物理特性对喷雾过程有着重要的影响,本文利用高压共轨燃油喷射系统、定容弹(CVB)、纹影仪和高速摄像机,从贯穿距离和喷雾锥角等方面来探究酸化油生物柴油和普通柴油在高背压下喷雾特性的不同。研究结果表明:喷射背压为2 MPa时,相同喷油压力下酸化油生物柴油的贯穿距离小于普通柴油;而在1 MPa背压时,其大于普通柴油。酸化油的喷雾锥角在两种背压下均小于普通柴油,而喷雾头部宽度大于普通柴油且相对较不规则。     

数据中心柴油系统与柴油发电机可靠性

本文结合规范阐述了数据中心柴油系统与柴油发电机的重要性,介绍了数据中心柴油储存量的确定方法,图示了数据中心柴油供应系统的做法,并简要描述了比较先进的柴油品质的监测、取样及维护做法。     

柴油发电系统接地探讨

针对高压柴油发电系统作为10 k V系统采用中性点低电阻接地方式、中性点消弧线圈接地方式的公用电力网的备用电源时如何选择高压柴油发电系统中性点接地方式进行分析和探讨;对低压柴油发电系统供电时配电系统接地型式的选择及用于安全电源时低压配电系统接地型式的思考;对高压柴油发电系统用户接地配置问题等展开讨论。     

大型数据中心配套柴油发电机系统设计简析

结合实际工程案例,从供配电系统柴油发电机组的启动控制、供油系统及测试负载选择等方面简要阐述大型数据中心配套柴油发电机房设计的心得和体会。     

柴油发电机房的有效设计

首先阐明柴油发电机房有效设计的必要性及其设计思路,然后以机房选址和地基设计为起点,依次详细阐述冷却系统、进排风系统、排烟系统及燃油系统有效设计的具体方法,给出确保柴油发电机组能按其装机容量正常发电的途径。     

生物柴油替代工业溶剂的消防安全可行性研究

通过对生物柴油的生产、利用等各个环节以及原料、产品等火灾危险性研究,分析了生物柴油储存稳定性好、闪点高、溶解性和安全性强等特点,探讨了其作为工业溶剂替代品的可行性。利用生物柴油作为工业溶剂,可以有效拓宽生物柴油利用空间,促使生物柴油产业的持续发展,同时能大幅度提高工业生产中使用溶剂的安全保障,减少工业生产中火灾爆炸事故的发生,带动经济效益显著提升。     

某核电厂备用柴油发电机系统HMI升级改造

本文总结了某核电厂备用柴油发电机系统HMI在多年运行期间的缺陷故障及异常情况,分析了HMI系统在硬件稳定性、人机交互功能以及数据显示实时性三方面等存在的局限性。并针对各项问题结合现场实际需求,逐一提出了升级改造方案,对HMI硬件系统、组态软件进行了整体升级改造。升级后的HMI系统现场应用稳定可靠,实现了对柴油发电机系统所有数据点的实时监控,为故障成因查找和设备性能分析提供了切实有效的依据,提高了备用柴油发电机系统的稳定性和可维护性。     

地下柴油发电、人防柴油电站平战合用的通风设计

地下室柴油发电机房设单独的送排风、排烟,补风系统,供柴油发电机房平时通风、火灾时排烟、补风、以及柴;Fh发电机组运行时补风用。防空地下室移动柴油电站设有独立的进、排风系统。本文结合工程实例．对地下室柴油发电机房、人防工程柴油电站平战合用各通风系统进行讨论。     

MCI-FHI柴油加氢装置排污状况与环保措施

<正>柴油加氢精制是指在催化剂、氢气和一定的温度、压力等工况条件下,柴油中含硫、氮、氧的有机化合物分子发生氢解,而芳烃和烯烃分子发生饱和反应的过程。其目的是脱硫、脱氮、优化色度并提高贮存安定性,满足日益严格的环保要求,同时少量提高柴油的十六烷值。1 MCI-FHI柴油加氢改质工艺MCI-FHI工艺是提高柴油十六烷值技术(MCI)与临氢降凝组合技术(FHI)技术的结合,是一种灵活多效清洁柴油的     

柴油发电机系统设计

阐述柴油发电机组系统设计方法;发电机组一些常见术语和定义;提供了设计时选用柴油发电机组容量的计算方法、快速估算通风面积、燃油消耗和消噪计算公式。     

Impact of partially stabilised zirconia on a single-cylinder diesel engine’s performance,using orange oil methyl ester biodiesel

Exhaustion of crude oil resources, rise in fuel prices and necessity to find less-carbon fuel have encouraged to find an alternative fuel. Biodiesel is characterised by its fuel properties, which may have an adverse effect on performance and emission characteristics of the engine. Thus, it is necessary to trans-esterify the extracted orange oil and make it viable for diesel engine. In the present work, partially stabilised zirconia was used as a thermal barrier coating (TBC) for the combustion chamber components using plasma spray technique. The present study focused on the impact of TBC on performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine with B1 (20% orange oil methyl ester with 80% diesel) sample and diesel. Increased brake thermal efficiency and reduced brake-specific fuel consumption are observed for B1 in the TBC engine. On comparing with the uncoated engine, the B1 in coated engine exhibited lower carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen and smoke emissions than diesel.     

Experimental investigation of performance,combustion and emission characteristics of CI engine fuelled with chicha oil biodiesel

As the decreasing availability of the fossil fuel is rising day by day, the search of alternate fuel that can be used as a substitute to the conventional fuels is rising rapidly. A new type of biofuel, chicha oil biodiesel, is introduced in this work for the purpose of fuelling diesel engine. Chicha oil was transesterified with methanol using potassium hydroxide as catalyst to obtain chicha oil methyl ester (COME). The calorific value of this biodiesel is lower, when compared to that of diesel. The COME and their blends of 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% with diesel were tested in a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection diesel engine and the performance, combustion and emission results were compared with diesel. The test result indicates that there is a slight increase in brake thermal efficiency and decrease in brake-specific fuel consumption for all blended fuels when compared to that of diesel fuel. The use of biodiesel resulted in lower emissions of CO and HC and increased emissions of CO₂ and NO_x. The experimental results proved that the use of biodiesel (produced from chicha oil) in compression ignition engine is a viable alternative to diesel.     

Experimental investigation on regulated and unregulated emissions of a diesel engine fueled with ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel blended with biodiesel from waste cooking oil

Experiments were conducted on a 4-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine using ultra-low sulfur diesel, bi oesel and their blends, to investigate the regulated and unregulated emissions of the engine under five engine loads at an engine speed of 1800 rev/min. Blended fuels containing 19.6%, 39.4%, 59.4% and 79.6% by volume of biodiesel, corresponding to 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% by mass of oxygen in the blended fuel, were used. Biodiesel used in this study was converted from waste cooking oil.The following results are obtained with an increase of biodiesel in the fuel. The brake specific fuel consumption and the brake thermal efficiency increase. The HC and CO emissions decrease while NO_x and NO₂ emissions increase. The smoke opacity and particulate mass concentrations reduce significantly at high engine load. In addition, for submicron particles, the geometry mean diameter of the particles becomes smaller while the total number concentration increases. For the unregulated gaseous emissions, generally, the emissions of formaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, toluene, xylene decrease, however, acetaldehyde and benzene emissions increase.The results indicate that the combination of ultra-low sulfur diesel and biodiesel from waste cooking oil gives similar results to those in the literature using higher sulfur diesel fuels and biodiesel from other sources.     

Impact of nano additive on engine characteristics using blends of thyme oil with diesel

Diesel engines have been the ‘primus motor’ of transportation in the world since a long time now. However, the depletion of fuel supplies, recent concerns over the environment and the ever-increasing fuel prices have made the search for an alternative fuel of paramount importance. A considerable amount of interest has been shown by researchers to evaluate different plant and vegetable oils as a replacement of diesel. Based on this background, an attempt to investigate Thyme oil as a substitute to diesel without any modifications in the engine was made. The experiment was conducted on a 1500?rpm, four-stroke, diesel engine with single cylinder which is water cooled. Cerium Oxide nano additive was added to the blends of thyme oil with diesel and its effects on the brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption (SFC) and exhaust emissions were examined. The experimental results portrayed better values of brake thermal efficiency and low SFC with B10 (10 parts of oil with 90 parts of diesel) and B20 samples of the blends, while the B40 blend showed lower NO_x emissions at all loads. The HC content was found to increase with the increasing quantity of thyme oil in the blends.     

柴油发动机燃油系统的故障分析研究

通过对高压油管压力波的分析，提出了一种基于压力波形分析的柴油机燃油喷射系统故障诊断方法。阐述了压力波形的特征提取与压力波形的模式识别。指出该方法可以有效进行燃油系统的状态监测与故障诊断。     

Energy consumption and exhaust emissions in mechanized timber harvesting operations in Sweden

The study presents an estimation of the energy input and the amount of emissions to air due to fuel, chainsaw and hydraulic oil consumption by heavy duty diesel engine vehicles operating in forest logging operations in Sweden. Exhaust concentrations are given for carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and particulate matter. Three fuel types (rapeseed methyl ester, environmental class 1 and environmental class 3 diesel fuels) and two types of lubricating base oil (mineral- and vegetable-based) were examined. Energy input per unit of timber production (m3ub) was 82 MJ, 11% of which was due to energy consumption during the production phase of the fuel. Emissions during the whole life cycle of the fuels and the base oils are included in the study. The highest CO2 and NOx emissions occurred when rapeseed methyl ester was used as fuel together with rapeseed as base oil for chainsaw and hydraulic oil. The highest HC and CO emissions occurred when environmental class 3 diesel fuel was used.     

我国推广二甲醚汽车展望

根据我国的能源状况和环保要求,提出了二甲醚替代柴油作为汽车发动机燃料的必要性。介绍了二甲醚生产工艺,对比了二甲醚与柴油的理化性质,分析了二甲醚作为汽车发动机燃料的可行性和存在的问题,指出了我国推广使用二甲醚汽车的良好发展前景。     

Performance,combustion and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder constant speed compression ignition engine using soybean methyl esters

ABSTRACT

The present study was aimed to produce biodiesel from soybean oil and to investigate its characteristics. Soybean oil-based bio diesel properties are observed and tested in the fuel testing laboratory with standard procedures. It is found that soybean oil-based biodiesel has similar properties as that of diesel fuel. An experimental set-up was used in the study to analyse the performance, combustion and emission of soybean oil biodiesel with respect to normal diesel by using different blends (B20, B40, B60, B80 and B100). It is observed that there is no difficulty found in running the engine, but the performance of the biodiesel blends quite deviated from normal diesel. The combustion characteristics of the tested blends were in agreement with normal diesel. The carbon emissions are much lower for soybean oil biodiesel blends than diesel.     

Effect of injection pressure on the performance and emission characteristics of CI engine using canola emulsion fuel

Biodiesel is a promising renewable alternative fuel for diesel. The need of biodiesel fuels for the diesel engines is to restrict the dependency on the fossil fuels in context to the world energy oil crisis. The objective of this article is to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine with diesel and blends of canola biodiesel Emulsion at 200, 220 and 240?bar. The fuel injection system in a diesel engine is to achieve a high degree of atomisation for better penetration of fuel in order to utilise the full air charge and to promote the evaporation in a very short time and to achieve higher combustion efficiency. Emulsified fuels showed an improvement in brake thermal efficiency of 28.8% at 240?bar accompanied by the drastic reduction in NOx at 200?bar.