Sm3+∶ZnO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2系透明玻璃陶瓷的制备和表征

采用熔融和晶化技术合成出含ZnAl2O4微晶的Sm3+∶ZnO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2(ZBAS)玻璃陶瓷材料,并通过DSC、XRD、SEM和UV-Vis-Nir分光光度计和傅里叶变换荧光光谱仪等对样品进行了表征。结果表明,玻璃陶瓷主晶相为ZnAl2O4,晶相粒径为30nm;可见光透过率为最高可达70%,近红外透过率为70%～85%。该玻璃陶瓷能够受激发射出红光,且发光强度高于同组分的玻璃。     

B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2透明玻璃陶瓷研究

玻璃陶瓷属于一类多晶陶瓷材料.通过调整玻璃基质和晶相组成可以制备出具有良好的力学、热学、电学和光学性能的玻璃陶瓷材料.采用传统的熔融和退火技术制备出含B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-Li2O-K2O组分的硼铝硅玻璃,并通过成核和长晶工艺最终制备出透明玻璃陶瓷.配合料在铂金坩埚中于1450℃下熔融2h,然后经两步热处理制度控制晶核的生成和晶粒的长大.采用差热分析技术确定成核和长晶温度.采用X射线衍射技术对不同热处理制度下的玻璃陶瓷样品进行分析,以确定最佳成核和长晶条件.采用扫描电子显微镜分析玻璃陶瓷形态,晶粒尺寸及其在残余玻璃相中的分布.采用UV-Vis-Nir分光光度计测定玻璃陶瓷样品的透过率.     

溶胶-凝胶法引入ZnO-2B2O3-7SiO2玻璃对BaO-Sm2O3-4TiO2陶瓷性能的影响

采用固相反应法合成BaO-Sm2O3-4TiO2 (BST)陶瓷粉体.系统研究了溶胶-凝胶法引入ZnO-2B2O3-7SiO2 (ZBS)玻璃对BST陶瓷烧结特性、物相组成、微观形貌及介电性能的影响.结果表明,添加ZBS玻璃的陶瓷试样主晶相仍为类钙铁矿钨青铜结构的BaSm2Ti4O12,次晶相为Sm2Ti2O7.通过溶胶-凝胶法添加6％(质量分数)的ZBS玻璃,可使BST陶瓷的烧结温度从1350℃降低到1050℃,在1050℃烧结3h所得BST陶瓷介电性能优良:εr=60.17,tanδ=0.004,τf=-7.9×10 6/℃.     

超重力辅助燃烧合成Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃/Y3Al5O12陶瓷梯度复合材料

以超重力场辅助燃烧合成技术制备了呈梯度分布的Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2透明玻璃/Y3Al5O12陶瓷梯度复合材料.结果表明,梯度布置两种组分的原料既可防止下层熔体的喷溅,又能提高上层玻璃的透过率.该梯度材料沿超重力方向依次为YAS透明玻璃层、YAS-YAG玻璃陶瓷层和YAG陶瓷层.     

CaTiO3 对(1-x)ZnAl2O4-xMg2TiO4(x=0.21)微波介质陶瓷结构和性能的影响

利用常规固相法制备了ZnAl2O4-Mg2TiO4-CaTiO3陶瓷,研究了CaTiO3对其相成分、微观组织结构和微波介电性能的影响规律. 结果表明,CaTiO3能有效地改善(1-x)ZnAl2O4-xMg2TiO4(x=0.21)材料的烧结性能,使其致密化温度降低150℃. ZnAl2O4-Mg2TiO4-CaTiO3陶瓷体系中包括ZnAl2O4基尖晶石相、CaTiO3、MgTi2O5和Zn2Ti3O8相,当烧结温度高于1400℃时,Zn2Ti3O8相消失. 随着CaTiO3含量的增加,体系中CaTiO3相含量增加而MgTi2O5相含量减少,且CaTiO3具有显著地调节谐振频率温度系数的作用. 当在(1-x)ZnAl2O4-xMg2TiO4(x=0.21)体系中掺入6mol%的CaTiO3添加剂时,经1400℃烧结后能获得温度稳定性好的微波介质陶瓷材料,其微波介电性能为:εr=11.8,Q*f=88080GHz,τf=-7.8×10-6/℃.     

SiO2-MgO-Al2 O3-F系玻璃陶瓷的析晶

本文应用TEM,XRD和EDAX等技术,系统研究了SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-F系玻璃陶瓷的析晶过程.结果表明:在玻璃熔体的冷却过程中,由于弛豫作用而形成晶核,在随后的热处理过程中,中间相Mg2FB3和KAlSiO4以此核为中心析出;氟的存在促进了晶体的整体析出,而主晶相氟金云母在中间相的晶界处形核长大.     

Eu~(3+)掺杂Na_2O-Nb_2O_5-SiO_2透明玻璃陶瓷的制备与表征

采用高温熔融退火法制备出Na2O-Nb2O5-SiO2为基质的掺铕铌酸盐玻璃,并通过两步热处理制备出含有NaNbO3纳米晶相的透明玻璃陶瓷。采用差热分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、分光光度计和荧光光谱仪对样品进行了表征。研究表明,铕掺杂铌酸盐基质玻璃具有良好的结晶性,其成核温度为715℃,成核时间为2 h,析晶温度为950℃,析晶时间为2 h;经SEM分析,粒子直径为40~50 nm。该玻璃陶瓷在近红外光区的透过率可达80%。荧光光谱显示,Eu3+∶Na2O-Nb2O5-SiO2玻璃陶瓷在393 nm激发下于614 nm处存在较强发射峰,较基质玻璃有了极大的提高。     

Al2O3掺杂ZnO压敏陶瓷的晶粒生长研究

研究了Al2O3掺杂对ZnO压敏陶瓷晶粒生长规律的影响,应用晶粒生长动力学方程确定了晶粒生长的动力学指数和激活能.实验结果表明,对于Al2O3掺杂ZnO压敏陶瓷,其晶粒生长的动力学指数n等于4,激活能Q等于(400±26)kJ/mol.Al2O3掺杂ZnO压敏瓷的晶粒生长机理是ZnAl2O3尖晶石颗粒在ZnO压敏瓷晶粒边界钉扎过程中Al3+和O2-通过ZnAl2O4尖晶石的扩散.     

Fe2O3掺杂对ZnO-B2O3-P2O5-RnOm玻璃耐水性的影响

在ZnO-BO-P2O5-RnOm系统玻璃中分别掺杂1％～5％(摩尔分数)的Fe2O3,系统的分析了掺杂Fe2O3对玻璃的耐水性、流散性产生的影响,通过X射线衍射(XRD)谱分析了晶相的变化.研究表明:掺杂Fe2O3能显著的提高磷酸盐玻璃的耐水性,由于极易于分解的非桥氧P-O键与铁离子链接,生成具有良好耐水性的P-O-...     

Al2O3-SiO2-B2O3连续纤维的制备及力学性能

本实验采用溶胶-凝胶法结合干法纺丝制备了氧化铝基凝胶连续纤维,煅烧后得到含12.92％B2O3、24.56％SiO2和62.50％(均为质量分数)Al2O3的氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维.通过TG-DSC、SEM、TEM、XRD和强度拉伸仪等分析手段研究了前驱体溶胶的微观结构、纤维晶相组成以及纤维表面和内部结构.结果表明,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备的前驱体溶胶可纺性优良,性质稳定.采用干法纺丝得到的氧化铝基凝胶连续纤维长度可达上千米,将凝胶纤维进行陶瓷化后形成的含硼氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维直径均匀,为14～15 μm,经1 000℃煅烧后纤维主晶相为莫来石相,拉伸强度最高可达1.35 GPa.本实验所制备的氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维具有优良的力学性能,在热防护领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

Plasma spraying of Al2O3 and Al2O3Y2O3

A microstructural study has been carried out of plasma-sprayed Al₂O₃ and mixed and sintered Al₂O₃Y₂O₃. In order to ascertain the degree of metastability achieved by plasma spraying, these results are compared with a similar experiment utilizing a CO₂ laser for melting and the hammer-and-anvil technique for quenching of the same materials. X-ray diffraction methods were used to determine the obtained phases and crystal structures. In addition, transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the phases present and to study their morpology. The porosity was studied with both mercury intrusion porosimetry and small angle neutron scattering. The addition of Y₂O₃ is shown to decrease the porosity from 15% to 7.5%. Adhesion is likewise related to the addition of Y₂O₃ and it is seen that adhesion of the mixture is measurably improved over that of pure Al₂O₃. The implication of these results is discussed.     

Microstructure and Strength of Al2O3/Al2O3 Joints Bonded with ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 Glass-Ceramic

ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 （ZABS） glass powder was used as interlayer to join alumina ceramics. The effect of joining temperature on the microstructure and strength of joints was investigated. The results showed that the ZABS glass can react with alumina substrate to form a layer of ZnAl2O4 at Al2O3/glass interface. Bending test exhibited that low joining temperature （1150℃） led to low joint strength due to the formation of pores in the interlayer, originated by high viscosity of the glass. High joining temperature （1250 ℃） also resulted in low joint strength, because of large CTE （coefficient of thermal expansion） mismatch between amorphous interlayer and alumina substrate. Therefore, only when the joining temperature was appropriate （1200℃）, defect-free interface and high joint strength can be obtained. The optimum joint strength reached 285 MPa, which was the same as the base material strength.     

Surface tension of PbO-B2O3 and Bi2O3-B2O3 glass melts

The surface tensions of xPbO-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 30–80 mol%) and xBi₂O₃-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 0–100 mol%) melts were measured using the ring method over the temperature range 973 to 1373 K. The compositional and temperature dependences of surface tension were investigated. Addition of PbO and Bi₂O₃ to B₂O₃ increased the surface tensions of their respective PbO-B₂O₃ and Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The surface tension showed a maximum at 60 mol% PbO in the PbO-B₂O₃ melts and at 70–80 mol% Bi₂O₃ in the Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The temperature coefficient of surface tension was examined on the basis of its relationship to the structure, and it was suggested that the temperature coefficient of surface tension decreases with an increasing content of four-coordinated boron.     

Preparation of pressureless-sintered SiC-Y2O3-Al2O3

Sintering additives were prepared from aluminium hydroxide and yttrium hydroxide. These additives were soluble in water and resulted in a binder. A -SiC powder was mixed with the additive solution and sintered at 2150° C without pressure. The oxides formed from the additive promoted sintering. The sintered body contained no pores. Aluminium, silicon, and yttrium oxide were precipitated in the sintered body.     

Some physical properties of V2O5-Fe2O3 and V2O5-Fe2O3-Li2O systems

Various methods have been used to study the physical properties of the V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃ and V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃-Li₂O systems, including X-ray, electron microscope, Mössbauer effect, NMR and thermogravimetric measurements. The iron ions are approximately equally distributed in substitutional and interstitial sites in the V₂O₅ lattice. The maximum number of iron ions dissolved in the V₂O₅ matrix corresponds to 4 mol % Fe₂O₃. In all the samples a quantity of Fe₂O₃ which has not been included in lattice is observed. The V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃ and V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃-Li₂O systems are formed from solid solutions mixed with very small Fe₂O₃ particles. The analysis of the charge compensation of iron ions suggests that V₂O₅ is a quasi-amorphous semiconductor. Irradiation of V₂O₅-based samples with an electron beam induces the V₂O₅ platelets to convert to the VO _x phase.