复杂形状SiCp/Al复合材料零件的制备与性能

采用粉末注射成形制备SiC预成形坯和铝合金无压熔渗相结合的技术,成功制备出高体积分数且形状复杂的SiCp/Al复合材料零件.研究了烧结工艺对SiC预成形坯开孔率和强度的影响规律,并对所制备的复合材料的热物理性能进行了评价.结果表明:经1 100℃真空烧结8 h的SiC预成形坯开孔率可以达到99.6%,抗压强度为0.57 MPa所制备的57%SiCp/Al复合材料相对密度为98.7%,热膨胀系数为7.5×10-6℃-1,与GaAs、BeO的接近,热导率为1.65×105W/K,与传统Cu(15%)/W相当,是柯伐合金的10倍,在密度上接近Al,不到Cu/W的1/5.由综合比较可以看出,采用注射成形与无压熔渗相结合的制备工艺,可以低成本制备综合性能优异的高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料.     

预制件烧结温度对Bi(OH)_(3~-)Al_(18)B_4O_(33w)/Al复合材料阻尼性能的影响

采用化学方法在Al18B4O33晶须表面涂覆Bi(OH)3,对所制备的晶须预制件进行不同温度的烧结,在晶须表面获得不同结构的涂层.利用挤压铸造方法制备相应的纯铝基复合材料.研究了烧结温度对复合材料微观组织和阻尼性能的影响.结果表明:晶须预制件烧结温度对涂覆复合材料界面微观组织和阻尼性能有显著影响,当烧结温度为530及830℃时,2种复合材料中均存在2个阻尼峰(位错阻尼与界面阻尼),后者的阻尼在整个测试温度范围内最高;当预制件烧结温度为1000℃时,复合材料中仅存在一个界面阻尼峰,产生这种现象的原因主要是由于它们的界面状态不同造成的.     

煅烧温度对高体积分数SiC_p/Al复合材料性能的影响

以F220、F500、F600这3种粒度的磨料级绿SiC混合粉为原料制成预制件,然后将其分别在500、1 100和1 200℃煅烧后无压熔渗液态铝合金制备SiC体积分数为62%~64%的铝基复合材料SiCp/Al;研究预制件煅烧温度对SiCp/Al复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明:不同温度下煅烧的SiC预制件渗铝后,都能获得结构均匀致密的复合材料;高温煅烧使SiC颗粒氧化形成骨架,导致强度从305 MPa降至285~245 MPa;SiC颗粒表面氧化转变成的SiO2薄膜增加复合材料中的陶瓷含量,使复合材料的热膨胀系数进一步降低;当SiC预制件中SiO2薄膜质量分数达到3.7%~6.7%时,SiCp/Al复合材料界面热阻增大4~6倍,复合材料热导率从184 W/(m.℃)降至139~127 W/(m.℃)。     

SiC颗粒加热预处理工艺对SiC/Al复合材料制备的影响

通过搅拌复合方法制备SiC／Al复合材料，研究了SiC颗粒不同加热温度和保温时间预处理工艺对复合材料制备的影响。对SiC颗粒600℃保温3h加热预处理最大程度地改善了SiC／Al润湿性，减少了复合材料的孔隙率。预处理加热温度过高，SiC颗粒易于烧结而导致复合材料中颗粒团聚，孔隙率增大；加热温度低于600℃，SiC颗粒表面气体和污染物脱附不完全。     

SiC高温氧化行为及Al基复合材料界面研究

将SiC颗粒在空气中进行850~1100℃高温氧化增重试验。研究了氧化时间、氧化温度对SiC颗粒表面氧化行为和氧化层结构的影响。采用烧结温度500℃压力30MPa保压时间30min的热压烧结工艺,制备出体积分数为20%的SiC_P/Al复合材料。研究了SiC氧化过程对SiC_P/Al复合材料界面的影响。结果表明:SiC在850℃以上,随氧化时间延长或温度升高,氧化层从非晶态向晶态转变。1100℃氧化4 h后,SiO_2氧化层厚度为252nm。本文优化的正四面体模型计算厚度约190nm,传统球形模型计算厚度约110nm。氧化层中SiO_2主要为高温型方石英晶型;SiC颗粒氧化后与Al基体形成了SiC/SiO_2和Al_2O_3/Al复合界面组织。     

不同烧结方法及二次热压对SiCp／Al复合材料组织的影响

采用普通空气加热炉烧结和铝液浸渗保护烧结两种方法制备了不同体积分数的粉末冶金SiCp/Al复合材料,并在400℃对其进行二次热压变形。研究了不同烧结方法及二次热压对SiCp/Al复合材料组织的影响。结果表明,二次热压变形能改善SiCp/Al复合材料的组织,使基体晶粒细,致密度提高,SiC颗粒分布均匀;铝液浸渗保护烧结法可直接制备组织均匀、性能较好的复合材料。     

烧结工艺对C_F/SiC层状复合材料断裂行为的影响

采用碳纤维二维针织布片与SiC轧膜素坯片交替叠层,通过排胶和热压烧结工艺,成功地制备出CF/SiC层状复合材料,研究了烧结助剂体系、烧结温度及保温时间等烧结工艺对CF/SiC层状复合材料断口形貌及断裂行为的影响。结果表明:选择Al2O3、Y2O3及Si粉作为烧结助剂,烧结制度为1900℃/1.5h工艺条件下,材料易致密、不分层,CF/SiC层状复合材料的综合力学性能最佳;CF/SiC层状复合材料的主要增韧机制为裂纹在纤维布层内的多次横向偏转及纤维束与单根纤维的脱粘、断裂与拔出。     

成形温度对SiCP/Al复合材料性能的影响

采用粉末冶金的方法制备12%SiC_p/6066Al(体积分数)复合材料,研究了热压与热挤压成形温度对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,热挤压有利于SiC颗粒在基体中的再分布且是粉末冶金法制备SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的必要工艺,而热压则有利于提高增强颗粒与基体的界面结合强度;在高于基体固相点温度热压烧结而低于固相点温度热挤压时,金属基体强度高且界面结合牢固,复合材料的性能最佳。本工艺中12%SiCp/6066Al的最佳热压温度为560℃,热挤压温度为430℃。     

烧结温度对SiC_P/6061Al复合材料组织和性能的影响

采用粉末冶金法制备了SiC体积分数为30%的SiC_P/6061Al复合材料。分析了该复合材料加热过程的热化学变化和烧结后的相产物。观察了该复合材料的显微组织。测试了该复合材料的密度和力学性能。研究了烧结温度对该复合材料组织和性能的影响。结果表明:制备SiC_P/6061Al复合材料合适的烧结温度为550~605℃。随烧结温度的提高,复合材料的密度和抗拉强度均增大;在600℃烧结时制备的复合材料的基体与增强体的界面结合情况良好。     

高体积分数SiCP/Al金属基复合材料的压渗铸造工艺及热物理性能

本文使用压渗铸造工艺制备含高体积分数SiC颗粒的SiCp/Al复合材料,测试其热导率和热膨胀系数.通过球磨研磨和挤压成型控制SiC颗粒大小和无机粘合剂含量,制备出SiC颗粒体积含量为50%～70%的SiC毛坯.优化工艺参数可在SiC毛坯中完全渗透熔融Al液.从体积含量为50%～70%的SiCp/Al复合材料的显微组织可知,气孔偏聚于SiC颗粒和Al基体的分界面上,所测的热膨胀系数和热导率与估算值相符合.在SiC颗粒体积分数高于50%～70%时,由于在分界面上存在残余气孔,所测值比估算值小.通过调控工艺参数,高体积分数的SiCp/Al复合材料在先进电子仪器组件上是替代热沉材料的不错选择.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).