DX桩单桩抗拔计算公式探讨

DX桩在承受上拔荷载时,桩土间的相互作用除了桩侧的摩擦阻力外,还有承力盘提供的抗拔阻力,对于桩身的抗拔摩擦阻力的研究有不少成果,但要研究DX桩的抗拔承载力,关键问题在于解决支盘的抗拔阻力计算问题。文章通过对DX桩作为抗拔桩的某工程实例进行分析,运用不同的计算方法对DX抗拔桩的承载力进行计算并与工程实测值进行对比,对不同计算方法进行了讨论研究,并试着探求一种新的计算方法。     

挤扩支盘桩承载变形特性的试验研究及承载力计算

根据单桩静载荷试验及桩身轴力的测试结果,深入分析了竖向荷载作用下挤扩支盘桩的荷载传递机理和变形特性;同时给出挤扩支盘桩的单桩承载力计算公式。通过分析计算,指出了支盘的承力特性具有明显的时间效应和端承性质,揭示了支盘桩高承载力和S型Q-S曲线的内涵。     

挤扩支盘桩中支盘破坏形态的试验研究

用YAW-5000型微机控制电液伺服压力试验机对挤扩支盘桩中的支盘模型试件进行了荷载试验,测定了支盘的荷载-位移全程曲线,揭示了试验条件下的支盘破坏形态为斜压破坏;根据试验结果,建立了考虑混凝土强度、支盘的高宽比和盘径比等因素的支盘承载力计算公式,完善了支盘的强度设计及计算理论。     

浅析挤扩支盘桩的设计

挤扩支盘桩是混凝土灌注桩中的一种新桩型,其桩体由主桩、若干个承力盘和数对分支组成。与普通混凝土灌注桩相比,由于充分发挥了桩土共同承担上部荷载的作用,挤扩支盘桩的承载力高,沉降小。本文介绍了支盘桩的特点、受力机理、设计方法及施工工艺流程,使设计和施工人员能对这种新桩型有初步了解,便于在工程实践中应用。     

挤扩多支盘桩的试验研究

本文通过现场试验及计算,对挤扩多支盘桩的承载力能力,设置效应进行了计算分析与研究,结果证明,挤扩多支盘桩比普通灌注桩有明显的优越性,是一种技术经济效益十分显著的新桩型,值得工程界的广泛重视和推广。     

挤扩支盘桩在宁波绕城高速公路桥梁施工中的应用

挤扩支盘桩是一项仿生学的发明,该技术能充分利用地基承载土层,在有效地减小桩径和桩长的同时大幅度提高桩的承载力,并减少桩体沉降量。宁波市绕城高速公路东段互通中部分桥梁桩基础采用变径挤扩支盘技术,施工期间对支盘桩技术进行了系统性的完善和总结,为支盘桩技术在交通行业的推广创造条件,有力地推动交通工程领域的节能减排工作。     

挤扩支盘灌注桩在沿海项目基础工程施工中的实践

挤扩支盘灌注桩是将相对软弱土层中的常规摩擦桩或摩擦端承桩在有限的桩身土层范围内通过设置承力盘达到提高单桩承载力的目的。本文通过在沿海项目基础工程的试验桩施工、检测对比及在工程桩中的应用，简述了挤扩支盘灌注桩的工艺、特点，阐明挤扩支盘灌注桩桩在减少资源利用及节约投资方面的优越性。     

建筑物抗拔桩设计的若干问题讨论

对基础为桩基、带地下室的建筑物，原来承压桩可能承受拉拔荷载，如果设计时未考虑桩的抗拔，可能会影响该建筑物整体质量，造成地下室渗漏等损害，故设计时一定要加以重视。本文就此结合工程实例对抗拔桩的设计以及应该注意的问题作一些讨论。     

DX旋挖挤扩灌注桩单桩抗拔承载性状的数值分析

总结了DX桩的抗拔研究现状,采用FLAC3D对具有两个承力盘的DX单桩和相同直径与长度的普通直孔桩做了抗拔的数值计算分析,对DX单桩抗拔的性状进行了研究。模型参数依据土工试验获取并采用现场大比尺试验结果进行校验。通过模拟分级加载,得到了DX桩和直孔桩的抗拔承载力曲线,同时得到了沿桩身的轴力分布,依据这些计算结果展开分析,可以发现DX单桩的抗拔承载力比相同直径的普通直孔桩高出一倍以上,其上下承力盘的发挥作用是由上而下,但当荷载增大到一定程度时,下盘将发挥更大的作用。     

挤扩支盘桩的工程应用和技术经济分析

本文介绍了挤扩支盘桩在某地的工程应用实例,提出承载原理和设计计算方法,通过静载试验分析比较,证明与普通灌注桩相比该桩型在性能价格上的优越性,同时提出了一些设计建议。     

基于圆孔扩张理论的桩基水平承载力计算方法

近年来,我国城市的基础设施建设规模不断扩大,桩基础是基础设施建设中常用的基础形式,其水平承载特性的分析计算是桩基设计中的重要问题。基于Vesic圆孔扩张理论,分析了水平荷载作用下桩侧土体的实际受力状态,推导了基于应力增量的桩侧土抗力的计算公式,进而提出了考虑摩擦效应的桩土相互作用的计算方法;并基于MATLAB编写了相应的分析程序,通过开展案例分析,验证了该计算方法的有效性;最后基于所建立的桩基水平承载力的力学模型,探讨了荷载、桩径等因素对水平受荷桩的承载特性的影响规律。     

活性粉末混凝土拱极限承载力试验研究

进行了两根活性粉末混凝土(RPC)模型拱的L/4处单点加载的面内受力全过程试验,建立了考虑材料与几何双重非线性的有限元模型,有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。通过与普通混凝土(RC)模型拱的受力性能的比较,对RPC模型拱荷载-竖直位移曲线、裂缝开展情况、截面应变和结构破坏模式等方面进行了分析。试验与有限元计算结果表明,RPC拱受力过程和破坏模式与RC拱相似,分为弹性阶段、裂缝开展阶段和钢筋屈服阶段,最终因出现4个塑性铰形成机构而呈塑性破坏,其极限承载力也可用极限分析法进行简化计算。RPC拱由于其材料性能优越,使其受力性能优于RC拱,在同级荷载下RPC拱裂缝的宽度约为RC拱的25%~50%;而RPC拱的开裂荷载、钢筋屈服荷载和极限承载力均较RC拱有明显的提高。在极限承载力相同的条件下,RPC拱的截面积与自重可以减小到RC拱的67%左右,表明RPC可有效减轻结构自重,提高拱桥跨越能力。     

The Measurement of Load Coefficients of dc Resistance Standards Using ac Loading Currents

A new method of measuring the load coefficients of precision direct current standard resistors is described which has many advantages over the presently used direct current methods. Alternating current is used to provide almost all of the load required in the resistor under test while a small direct current is used in the measurement of direct current resistance changes. Problems of measuring circuit design are discussed relating to the simultaneous presence of alternating and direct currents and because of the alternating loading current supply circuit connected to the standard resistor under test. Possible sources of measurement error are considered and comparative curves of resistance change as a function of temperature and load are presented for several direct current resistance standards of differing resistance value and construction.     

上海东海大桥海上风电场规划建设关键技术研究

通过对上海东海大桥海上风电场的选址、风电场升压方式、基础选型设计、桩基试验、基础施工、风机安装等技术问题的研究和实践,提出了海上风电场选址原则、接入电网方式、具有防撞能力的高桩混凝土承台基础形式、风机基础结构分析方法、桩的承载力试验手段、高桩承台施工和风机整体吊装方案等,为海上风电场规划建设提供借鉴。     

Indentation of polyethylene laminates by a flat-bottomed cylindrical punch

Cross-ply polymer laminates reinforced by ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHWMPE) fibers and tapes have been subjected to quasi-static indentation by a flat-bottomed, circular cross section punch and their penetration resistance and failure mechanisms investigated. Three fiber- and two tape-reinforced grades progressively failed during indentation via a series of unstable failure events accompanied by substantial load drops. This resulted in a ‘saw-tooth’ load versus indentation depth profile as the load increased with indentation depth after each failure event. The penetration behavior scaled with the ratio of the thickness of the remaining laminate to the diameter of the punch, and the indentation pressure scaled with the through thickness compressive strength. Failure occurred by ply rupture. The results are consistent with penetration governed by an indirect tension failure mechanism, and with experimental reports that tape-reinforced materials have a similar ballistic resistance to the higher tensile strength fiber-reinforced grades in rear-supported test conditions.     

Fracture of steel beam to box column connections

Abstract

This study is aimed at examining the behavior of the beam to interior box column connection. Cruciform type test setups are selected with the column under constant gravity load while both beams under gradually increased cyclic loading in opposite directions to simulate earthquake load. The tearing strength of the column plate by the transmitted out‐of‐plane load from the beam web is analyzed by yield line theory. A simplified method is proposed to establish the relationship between the thickness of beam web and column plate. A series of experimental studies are also conducted to examine the effect of a diaphragm plate on the transmission of applied force from beam flanges. Based on the results of this study, suggestions are made for the design and construction of beam to box column connections to achieve better strength and ductility.     

平板支座抗震性能的有限元研究

为了研究水平荷载下不同砂浆层厚度的平板支座节点的抗震性能及受力机理,该文利用有限元软件ABAQUS,模拟分析了8个砂浆层厚度为0 mm~50 mm的平板支座节点在单调和循环荷载下的破坏模式及承载力曲线,并将模型破坏模式及极限承载力计算值与试验结果进行对比,结果证明该模型可有效对平板支座的滞回性能进行计算分析。有限元计算结果表明,随着砂浆层厚度增加,支座节点极限承载力降低,支座锚栓由剪切变形变为弯曲变形;支座锚栓近似均匀受力;循环加载下平板支座的承载力相比于单调加载降低约30%。在有限元参数分析的基础上,综合考虑了支座锚栓的破坏机制及支座锚栓的变形对平板支座水平承载力的影响,总结平板支座的水平承载力主要由支座锚栓承担的剪力、支座锚栓轴力的水平分量及摩擦力组成,提出了平板支座节点水平承载力的计算公式。同时,在公式中引入折减系数0.7,考虑循环加载对平板支座节点水平承载力的降低。     

Prüfmethoden zur Ermittlung des Verhaltens von Polyolefinen bei der Einwirkung von Chemikalien

Methods to Determine the Behavior of Polyolefines in Contact with Chemical Agents Two test methods to determine the behavior of thermoplastics in contact with chemicals were compared. These are the immersion test and the internal pressure creep test of pipes filled with a chemical agent. Concerning the immersion test the mechanical properties of tensile bars after the test procedure were determined. The results only are valid for constructions without any load. In the internal pressure creep tests the influence of a chemical agent and the stress is considered simultaneously. By comparison with the long term behavior under the influence of water the chemical resistance factor is given. The test procedure and the evaluation of the results of the immersion tests were strown at two examples. A test station for internal pressure creep tests with pipes which are filled with a chemical agent is described. Many resistance factors were listed up and their application in two examples explained.     

梭形空间桁架约束型防屈曲支撑的性能研究

防屈曲支撑的外围约束体系的革新研究始终是其核心内容。该文提出了梭形空间桁架约束型防屈曲支撑(STC-BRB)的概念,并以BRB工程应用中的四榀桁架约束体系为例,研究了STC-BRB的静力承载力和抗震设计方法。STC-BRB采用与其弯矩分布图相似的梭形桁架作为外围约束体系,具有提高材料利用率及外形美观等特点,适用于高层建筑和空间结构设置外露BRB的工程应用。该文建立了STC-BRB梁单元模型,采用ANSYS有限元软件对其弹性屈曲性能、弹塑性承载力和滞回性能展开研究,分别给出了基于承载力型和耗能型BRB约束比门槛值的设计方法。研究STC-BRB弹性屈曲性能,基于弹性屈曲荷载的理论和数值计算结果,提出了弹性屈曲荷载的计算公式,给出了BRB约束比的表达式。基于变化约束比的STC-BRB算例的计算结果,分别对其单调轴压弹塑性承载性能和拉压循环荷载作用下的弹塑性滞回耗能性能进行分析,研究了STC-BRB的失稳模式、极限承载力以及滞回耗能能力,获得了STC-BRB承载型和耗能型的约束比门槛值,建立了承载力和抗震设计的基本计算理论和设计方法。