初始浓度对粉煤灰合成沸石吸附Cr3+的影响

利用粉煤灰合成的沸石吸附重金属Cr³⁺,考察吸附剂量与初始浓度对Cr³⁺吸附效果的影响。结果表明:初始浓度与吸附剂量对粉煤灰合成沸石吸附Cr³⁺的去除率与饱和吸附量影响显著。合成沸石对Cr³⁺的吸附去除率随着初始浓度的降低而提高,随着吸附剂投加量的增加而增加。随着粉煤灰合成沸石投加量的不断增加,单位质量的沸石吸附剂对Cr³⁺的吸附容量不断下降。     

粉煤灰合成沸石除磷机理研究

利用粉煤灰合成沸石，考察了其对模拟废水中磷酸盐的去除效果，并着重研究了其除磷机理。结果表明，粉煤灰合成沸石有优良的除磷效果，其磷酸吸收系数几乎是原料粉煤灰的4倍，比原料粉煤灰有更高的吸附磷的潜力。粉煤灰合成沸石对磷酸盐的去除机理包括化学沉淀作用和吸附作用，且吸附作用随着平衡溶液的pH值的增大而减弱。粉煤灰合成沸石中沸石成分的骨架结构没有磷吸附作用，粉煤灰只能通过化学沉淀作用去除磷酸盐，粉煤灰合成沸石对磷的吸附作用主要来源于粉煤灰合成沸石过程中产生的无定型非晶体的中间体物质。     

粉煤灰沸石的合成及其对Pb~（2＋）的吸附研究

以驻马店热电厂粉煤灰为原料,在水热条件下合成了沸石,利用FT-IR对合成沸石进行表征。利用正交试验法研究了所合成沸石吸附Pb2＋的性能,考察了粉煤灰预处理方法、吸附条件（pH值、吸附时间、沸石用量等）对吸附的影响。结果表明：采用加碱焙烧预处理合成的沸石,在pH=7、吸附时间45 min、投加量为1.2 g时,对Pb2＋有很好的吸附作用。该条件下Pb2＋的去除率在83.5%左右。     

吸附剂量对合成沸石吸附混合重金属的竞争效果

利用粉煤灰合成的沸石吸附混合重金属Pb2+、Cu2+、Cd2+离子,考察吸附剂量与初始浓度对合成沸石吸附混合重金属离子的竞争吸附效果影响。结果表明:吸附剂量对合成沸石吸附Pb2+、Cu2+、Cd2+的去除率与饱和吸附量影响显著。合成沸石对3种重金属的去除率随着吸附剂投加量的增加而不断升高。当初始浓度为50 mg/L与100 mg/L时,合成沸石对3种重金属离子Pb2+、Cu2+、Cd2+的竞争吸附顺序均为:PbCuCd。合成沸石对混合重金属Pb2+、Cu2+、Cd2+的饱和吸附量随吸附剂量的增加而不断下降。     

硫酸亚铁改性粉煤灰去除水中低浓度磷的特性研究

研究以粉煤灰为原料、以硫酸亚盐为改性剂制得改性吸磷剂,研究其除磷性能,为制备低成本高效的水体除磷剂提供技术支持。实验结果表明:对于处理50mL的浓度为1mg/L的含磷废水,改性粉煤灰的最优实验条件:吸附剂投加量为5g,吸附时间为40min,溶液的pH值为7。此时,磷的去除率可达90%以上,并且去除率随着初始磷浓度的增加而下降。与天然粉煤灰相比,改性粉煤灰的除磷率从32.4%增加到89.7%,增大了57.3%。     

粉煤灰钾基改性沸石对磷酸根离子的吸附研究

以粉煤灰钾基改性沸石为吸附材料吸附PO43-,考察了改性沸石的投加量、溶液初始pH值、反应时间和反应温度对PO43-去除效果的影响。结果表明:改性沸石投加量对PO43-去除效果影响较大。随着投加量的增大,PO43-的去除率不断提高,而单位质量改性沸石的吸附量则减小。溶液初始pH值对PO43-的去除率影响显著,随着pH值的增大,PO43-的去除率增大。反应温度影响改性沸石吸附PO43-的速率。温度越高,吸附达到平衡的时间越短。吸附过程符合Freundlich吸附等温式和准二级吸附动力学方程。     

粉煤灰微波合成沸石在水处理中的应用

以粉煤灰为原料采用微波水热合成法制备沸石,将其用于废水处理中,考察了粉煤灰合成沸石对氨氮、磷、Fe2+、Mn2+、Cu2+的去除效果.实验结果表明,与粉煤灰相比,粉煤灰合成沸石具有更高的氨氮、磷去除率;在吸附去除废水中的Fe2+、Mn2+、Cu2+时,合成沸石比天然沸石更有效.     

粉煤灰合成沸石吸附硫酸盐条件优化试验研究

以粉煤灰为原料合成了沸石。通过单因素试验及正交试验,探讨了沸石的合成条件及合成沸石吸附处理硫酸盐水质时的最优条件组合。结果表明：粉煤灰合成沸石制备条件为：溶解NaOH与粉煤灰质量比为1：1、熔融温度和时间分别为400℃和1h,水热温度和时间分别为60℃和4h。影响合成沸石去除SO4^2-离子的因素主次及水平依次为：沸石粒径0．2mm,搅拌时间45min,沸石投加量10g·L^-1,溶液pH。     

粉煤灰合成除磷沸石的试验研究

利用粉煤灰合成沸石用于除磷,探讨了碱液浓度、合成温度、合成时间以及液固比对除磷沸石合成的影响。试验结果表明,碱液浓度1 mol/L、合成温度100℃、合成时间12h、液固比5：1时,合成沸石除磷性能最佳,对塌陷塘水中磷的去除率高达92.85%。     

粉煤灰合成沸石对Cr3＋的吸附性能研究

利用粉煤灰合成沸石吸附重金属Cr3＋,探讨吸附剂量、初始pH值以及反应温度对Cr3＋吸附效果的影响,同时进行吸附等温线和吸附动力学的数据模拟。结果表明：沸石投加量、初始pH值以及反应温度均对Cr3＋的去除效果影响显著。随着吸附剂投加量的不断增大,Cr3＋去除效果不断提高,饱和吸附量逐渐减小。初始pH值为4时沸石吸附Cr3＋的去除率为100％。反应温度的上升不利于沸石对Cr3＋吸附,沸石对Cr3＋的吸附效果随着反应温度的升高逐渐降低。沸石吸附Cr3＋的过程符合Freundlich吸附等温式;准二级反应动力学方程能较好描述沸石对Cr3＋的吸附行为。     

Chemical modification of coal fly ash for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solution

This study investigated the chemical modifications of coal fly ash treated with HCl and NaOH. Sorption behavior of phosphate from water solution on treated fly ash was examined. Results showed that the HCl-treated fly ash (TFA-HCl) had a greater specific surface area (SSA) than the NaOH-treated fly ash (TFA-NaOH) and untreated fly ash (FA). The XRF, XRD patterns, and SEM images revealed the decreased CaO content in the TFA-HCl and observed the presence of NaP1 and sodalite zeolites in the TFA-NaOH. The P sorption capacity of all studied fly ashes increased with increasing initial P concentration and mechanisms of P sorption were influenced by the equilibrium pH. Maximum phosphate immobilization capacity obtained from Langmuir model was in the following manner, TFA-NaOH > FA > TFA-HCl (57.14, 23.20, and 6.90 mg P g⁻¹, respectively). The decreased CaO content and acidic pH in the TFA-HCl were responsible for the lowest capacity of phosphate immobilization, because of unfavorable condition for calcium phosphate precipitation. In contrast, due to alkaline condition and relatively high calcium content, the precipitation of calcium phosphate was a key mechanism for phosphate removal in the FA and TFA-NaOH. The TFA-NaOH had a greatest phosphate immobilization, due to high CaO content and an increased SSA after the conversion of fly ash to zeolite. Both Langmuir and Freundlich models were good fitted for the TFA-NaOH, while was only Langmuir model for the FA and Freundlich model for the TFA-HCl. Results suggested that treating fly ash with alkaline solution was a promising way to enhance phosphate immobilization.     

利用粉煤灰制备分子筛及对水体中六价铬的吸附研究

以粉煤灰为原料,采用湿法加碱煅烧法合成了4A分子筛,研究了粉煤灰与烧碱配比、煅烧温度、煅烧时间对合成4A分子筛的影响,结果表明粉煤灰与烧碱配比1.0:0.8,煅烧温度700℃,煅烧时间1 h有利于4A分子筛的合成.利用合成的4A分子筛对水体中六价铬进行了吸附研究,实验确定的最佳吸附条件为:分子筛投加量为0.3 g,溶液pH值为6～7,吸附时间为30 min,吸附温度为10～25℃.最佳吸附条件下分子筛对六价铬有较好的去除效果.吸附以物理吸附为主,符合Freundlich等温吸附式.同时对4A分子筛的再生性进行了研究,2次循环使用后其吸附能力仍能保持初次吸附能力的90.0％以上.     

粉煤灰沸石及Pd改性沸石脱除煤气中单质汞的研究

以粉煤灰为原料,采用超临界水热法制备了一系列的粉煤灰沸石.首先,考察了不同种类粉煤灰制备的沸石的煤气脱汞性能,以及由同一种粉煤灰制备的不同晶型沸石的脱汞活性.其次,考察了活性评价温度和H2 S气体对粉煤灰沸石煤气脱汞性能的影响.结果表明,其中的两种粉煤灰制备的沸石有较好的脱汞活性,具有方钠石晶型的粉煤灰沸石(Z5s)的脱汞性能优于具有钙霞石晶型的粉煤灰沸石(Z5c),Z5s沸石的脱汞率在360 min内保持在90%以上.气氛中的H2 S气体有利于单质汞的脱除,而温度升高时脱汞率降低.粉煤灰沸石(Z5s)采用贵金属Pd改性后,其脱汞活性在中高温时高于Z5s沸石.     

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON ADSORPTION OF AMIDO BLACK 10B DYE ONTO ZEOLITE SYNTHESIZED FROM FLY ASH

This work presents experimental studies on adsorptive removal of Amido black 10B dye using a low-cost zeolite synthesized from fly ash to study the effect of various parameters, namely pH, temperature, agitation speed, adsorption time, zeolite loading, and dye concentration, on dye removal efficiency. Dye removal efficiency increased with increase in adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, and stirrer speed, and the optimal values of zeolite dose, adsorption time, and stirrer speed were found to be 10 g/L, 6 h, and 300 rpm respectively. On the other hand, dye removal efficiency decreased with increase in the initial dye concentration as well as temperature, indicating that the adsorption process is exothermic and is effective at low concentrations of adsorbate. Maximum dye removal was obtained at low pH values (between 2 and 5), indicating the fact that the zeolite surface is positively charged. Experimental data matched well with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the Freundlich equilibrium isotherm. The most important observation in this work is that zeolite synthesized from fly ash could act as a very effective adsorbent for the removal of amido black dye from its aqueous solutions.     

粉煤灰为原料水热合成ZSM-5沸石的工艺条件

以工业废弃物粉煤灰为初始原料,经酸处理除杂、碱处理活化后,采用常规水热法合成高纯ZSM-5沸石。考察酸处理过程的温度、时间和酸浓度等对酸浸取效果的影响,以及碱处理过程的焙烧温度和碱灰质量比等对碱熔活化的影响,采用XRF、XRD、SEM以及N2吸附-脱附等手段对各阶段样品进行表征。结果表明,盐酸处理可以除去粉煤灰中氧化钙、氧化铁等绝大部分碱性氧化物杂质,最适宜酸处理条件下所得粉煤灰中氧化硅和氧化铝质量分数之和由51.51%上升到处理后的85.37%;以最适宜高温氢氧化钠碱熔活化条件下所得活性硅铝溶液为原料,水热合成类似球状结构并具有较高比表面积和相对结晶度的高纯ZSM-5沸石,进而获得粉煤灰水热合成ZSM-5沸石的最佳工艺条件。     

Conversion of coal fly ash into zeolite and heavy metal removal characteristics of the products

Fly ash obtained from a power generation plant was used for synthesizing zeolite. Zeolites could be readily synthesized from the glassy combustion residues and showed potential for the removal of heavy metal ions. By the use of different temperatures and NaOH concentration, five different zeolites were obtained: Na-P1, faujasite, hydroxy sodalite, analcime, and cancrinite. The synthesized zeolites had greater adsorption capabilities for heavy metals than the original fly ash and natural zeolites. Na-P1 exhibited the highest adsorption capacity with a maximum value of about 1.29 mmole Pb g^-1 and had a strong affinity for Pb²⁺ ion. The metal ion selectivity of Na-P1 was determined as: Pb²⁺> Cu²⁺> Cd²⁺> Zn²⁺, consistent with the decreasing order of the radius of hydrated metal ion. The adsorption isotherm for lead by Na-P1 fitted the Freundlich rather than the Langmuir isotherm.     

Zeolite Formation in Class F Fly Ash Blended Cement Pastes

Zeolite formation in Class F fly ash blended cement pastes is under investigation. A Na–P type zeolite and Zeolite Y were synthesized from Class F fly ash and NaOH solution after 2 days of aging at room temperature and 6 days of curing at 80°C. However, no zeolites formed when KOH was used. In additional experiments, a Na–P type zeolite, Zeolite Y, and chabazite developed in cement pastes blended with Class F fly ash and NaOH solution which had been aged 2 days at room temperature and then cured 6 days at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 90°C. Seeding the pastes with natural zeolites was also investigated.     

几种不同产地粉煤灰水热法合成沸石性能探究

利用粉煤灰合成沸石的方法很多,其中水热法合成沸石因操作简单、能耗低被认为是将粉煤灰基沸石商业化最可行的手段。采用水热法将国内外不同产地的几种粉煤灰合成沸石,并通过X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线荧光光谱（XRF）、热重分析（TG-DTA）、扫描电镜（SEM）等手段对合成的沸石产品进行表征,并在同一水热合成参数下考察不同粉煤灰合成沸石在品质上的差异。XRD谱图表明,原料中有80%~90%的成分转化为沸石,且沸石主要结晶类型为Na-P1型,也有少量的A型;XRF分析表明,3种粉煤灰基沸石硅铝物质的量比分别为1.61、1.35、1.45,符合XRD谱图的分析结论;TG-DTA表明,合成沸石在500 ℃以上几乎没有质量损失,具有良好的热稳定性;由SEM照片可见,合成的沸石为非球形,表面的纹理可增加沸石比表面积,结晶状态好。整个实验过程简单、成本低、合成沸石样品品质较高,由此可见通过水热法将粉煤灰合成沸石产品具有巨大的商业化潜力。