高能球磨形成具有明显玻璃转变的Ti50Cu20Ni24Si4B2非晶态合金

在高能球磨作用下，名义成分为Ti50Cu20Ni24Si4B2的元素粉末混合物可通过固态反应非晶化。差示扫描量热分析（DSC）表明，球磨获得的非晶相在发生晶化转变之前出现明显的玻璃转变。过冷液态温度区的宽度（ΔTx）可达到57K。非晶态Ti50Cu20Ni24Si4B2合金加热时的转变由一步完成。同时形成立方结构的（Ni,Cu)Ti相和其它未知相。为共晶型转变。随后发生晶化产物的进一步晶粒长大。非晶态Ti50Cu20Ni24Si4B2合金的约化玻璃转变温度（Trg)为0．56。     

机械研磨Tix(Cu0.45Ni0.55)94-xSi4B2合金系的玻璃形成范围

利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和差示扫描量热计分析表征了Tix(Cu0．45Ni0．55)94—xSi4B2(x＝50，60，70，75，80)合金粉末高能球磨后产物的相组成．结果表明，合金成分在50≤x≤70范围，球磨产物主要为非晶相，但仍残留有α—Ti纳米晶体，当x＞70％时，机械研磨仅导致初始晶体相的晶粒细化，形成纳米晶结构，未发生非晶化；不同Ti含量非晶相的晶化行为依赖于合金成分；用2％的V，Zr，Nb元素分别部分替代x＝70和x＝75合金中Ti时，对非晶相形成范围的扩展没有明显的作用．     

高能球磨工艺对Ti50Ni22Cu25Sn3组织演变的影响

用高能球磨法制备Ti50Ni22Cu25Sn3非晶粉末,并研究球磨工艺参数对Ti50Ni22Cu25Sn3非晶形成过程的影响。结果表明,球磨转速以及磨球直径对Ti50Ni22Cu25Sn3非晶相的形成效率具有十分重要的影响。较高的转速和合适的球径能有效促进该Ti基合金的非晶化,缩短合金非晶化的时间,当转速为400 r/min,球料比为20:1时,球磨时间约为30 h后,可得到完全的Ti50Ni22Cu25Sn3非晶粉末     

Ni-Ti-Zr-Al-Cu-Si块体非晶合金的形成及压缩性能

利用DSC，DTA，XRD研究了NiTiZrAlCuSi块体非晶合金的形成。采用铜模铸造工艺使块体金属玻璃最大直径从Ni42Ti25Zr25Al8合金的小于0．5mm增加到Ni42Ti20Zr25Al8Cu5的1mm，然后增加到Ni42Ti20Zr21.5Al8Cu5Si3.5合金的4mm。在Ni42Ti20Zr21.5Al8Cu5Si3.5和Ni42Ti20Zr20.5Al8Cu5Si4.5合金中获得最大的约化玻璃转变温度Trg（=Tg／T1）及最大的过冷液相区△Tx（=Tx-Tg），分别为0．570和93K。Si显著增加玻璃形成能力主要是抑制引起异质形核的Ni（TiZr）相和（TiZr）（CuAl）2相的形成。室温压缩实验表明：Ni42Ti20Zr21.5Al8Cu5Si3.5合金抗压断裂强度为2724MPa。     

铜模吸铸法制备的Fe74Al4Sn2P10Si4B4C2非晶合金圆棒及圆管块体

利用铜模吸铸法制备了直径1．0mm,1．5mm和2．0mm的Fe74Al4Sn2P10Si4B4C2块体非晶合金圆棒,利用振动样品磁强计测试了圆棒的磁性能,其饱和磁感应强度较高,矫顽力较低。利用铜模吸铸法制备了Ф5mm×庐7mm×15mm的Fe74Al4Sn2P10Si4B4C2块体非晶合金圆管,并测试了其DSC曲线,块体非晶合金圆管与块体非晶合金圆棒的热性质一致。Fe74Al4Sn2P10Si4B4C2块体非晶合金显示出优良的铸造性能。     

Ti53Cu15Ni18.5Al7M3Si3B0.5(M=Zr,Hf, Sc) 高强度块体金属玻璃的制备及其性能

用铜模铸造法制备出直径为2．5mm的多组元Ti53Cu15Ni18．5Al7M3Si3B0．5(M=Zr,Hf,Sc)金属玻璃棒材．DSC和压缩应力应变测试结果表明：合金具有较高的热稳定性和优异的力学性能．其中Tis3Cu15Ni18．5Al7Zr3Si3B0．5合金的Tg,Tx和△Tx分别为703,765和62K;Ti53Cu15Ni18．5Al7Sc3Si3B0．5合金压缩断裂强度高达2325MPa,压缩变形量达1．6％,Young’s模量118GPa。     

（Ti，Zr，Hf）一（Cu，Ni，Ag）—Al多组元合金体系的机械驱动非晶化

研究了由前过渡族金属和后过渡族金属按照等原子比替代的(Ti0.33Zr0.33Hf0.33)50(Ni0.33Cu0.33Ag0.33)40Al10多组元合金在机械研磨作用下的非晶化转变，并与由熔体急冷制备的同一成分玻璃态合金进行了对比．两种途径获得的玻璃态相似．在机械研磨的稳态产物中，仍残留有少量尺寸小于30nm的晶体相颗粒，即非晶化转变未能完全实现．机械研磨形成的非晶相表现有明确的玻璃转变和约80K宽的过冷液态温度区间，晶化过程分两步进行，第一步晶化转变完成后，剩余的非晶相亦具有玻璃态行为，呈现另一玻璃转变及约100K宽的过冷液态温度区间．     

Fe78-2xCrxMoxSn2P10Si4B4C2(x＝2,4)块体非晶合金的制备和性能

本文用铜模上吸铸法制备Fe78-2xCrxMoxSn2P10Si4B4C2(x=2，4，原子百分比)块体非晶合金系列，制备出直径达2．5mm的Fe74Cr2Mo2Sn2P10Si4B4C2非晶合金棒材和直径达2mm的Fe74Cr2Mo2Sn2P10Si4B4C2非晶合金棒材。发现Fe74Cr2Mo2Sn2P10Si4B4C2具有32K的超冷液相区和高达0．61的约化玻璃转变温度，具有很强的玻璃形成能力。当x=2和x=4时非晶合金的居里温度分别为538K和455K，饱和磁感应强度分别为1．06T和0．71T。     

(Ti,Zr,Hf)-(Cu,Ni,Ag)-Al多组元合金体系的机械驱动非晶化

研究了由前过渡族金属和后过渡族金属按照等原子比替代的(Ti0.33Zr0.33Hf0.33)50(Ni0.33Cu0.33Ag0.33)40Al10多组元合金在机械研磨作用下的非晶化转变,并与由熔体急冷制备的同一成分玻璃态合金进行了对比.两种途径获得的玻璃态相似.在机械研磨的稳态产物中,仍残留有少量尺寸小于30 nm的晶体相颗粒,即非晶化转变未能完全实现.机械研磨形成的非晶相表现有明确的玻璃转变和约80 K宽的过冷液态温度区间,晶化过程分两步进行,第一步晶化转变完成后,剩余的非晶相亦具有玻璃态行为,呈现另一玻璃转变及约100 K宽的过冷液态温度区间.     

Fe73Al4Ga2P12B4Si4M1非晶的制备与晶化研究

用单辊法制备了Fe73Al4Ga2P12B4Si4M1(M为Cu,Nb,Ni)非晶薄带,并用 XRD,DSC,SEM对其非晶形成能力、晶化方式和晶粒形貌尺寸进行分析.结果表明,在Fe74Al4Ga2P12B4Si4中加入Cu后,玻璃转变温度(Tg)和晶化温度(Tx)消失,只有一个晶化峰,而在其后的退火过程中为二级晶化.分析可能是Tg和Tx重叠消失,用Nh和Ni替代后,合金的Tx和Tg都升高,而其过冷液相区减小,其晶化方式均为二级晶化.用扫描电镜观察原始试样晶化后颗粒呈菊花状,颗粒较大;用Cu替代晶粒尺寸明显减小,而且含Cu化合物呈网络状;用Nb替代之后,颗粒呈蘑菇状,晶粒也有一定程度的减小;用Nj替代后,晶化颗粒呈针状,颗粒较为细小.     

Microstructural evolution of direct chill cast Al-15.5Si-4Cu-1Mg-1Ni-0.5Cr alloy during solution treatment

Heat treatment has important influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys. The most common used heat treatment method for these alloys is solution treatment followed by age-hardening. This paper investigates the microstructural evolution of a direct chill (DC) cast Al-15.5Si-4Cu-1Mg-1Ni-0.5Cr alloy after solution treated at 500, 510, 520 and 530℃, respectively for different times. The major phases observed in the as-cast alloy are α-aluminum dendrite, primary Si particle, eutectic Si, Al7Cu4Ni, Al5Cu2Mg8Si6, Al15(Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu)4Si2 and Al2Cu. The Al2Cu phase dissolves completely after being solution treated for 2 h at 500℃, while the eutectic Si, Al5Cu2Mg8Si6 and Al15(Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu)4Si2 phases are insoluble. In addition, the Al7Cu4Ni phase is substituted by the Al3CuNi phase. The α-aluminum dendrite network disappears when the solution temperature is increased to 530℃. Incipient melting of the Al2Cu-rich eutectic mixture occurrs at 520℃, and melting of the Al5Cu2Mg8Si6 and Al3CuNi phases is observed at a solution temperature of 530℃. The void formation of the structure and deterioration of the mechanical properties are found in samples solution treated at 530℃.     

合金元素对Ti-Ni-Cu系钎料性能的影响

本实验设计一系列不同成分的Ti-Ni-Cu系钎料,研究合金元素B、Si、Zr等对钎料非晶形成能力和性能的影响.结果表明:微量B、Si元素均能显著改善Ti-Ni-Cu系钎料对Si3N4陶瓷的润湿性;在相同试验条件下,添加0.2%B的Ti40Ni15Cu钎料铺展面积最大;不含zr元素的Ti-Ni-Cu系钎料合金的非晶形成能力均很差.本实验设计的Ti40Zr20Ni20CuB0.2、Ti40Zr20Ni25CuB0.2两种钎料既具有良好的润湿性,又具有良好的非晶形成能力;与Ti40Zr25Ni15Cu非晶钎料钎焊Si3N4陶瓷的接头相比,Ti40Zr20Ni20CuB0.2、Ti40Zr20Ni25CuB0.2非晶钎料钎焊Si3N4陶瓷接头的室温强度变化不大,但高温强度有明显提高.     

Ta，b和MoTi50Ni20Cu25Sn5非晶合金玻璃形成能力的影响

利用旋转铜辊急冷法和铜模铸造法制备非晶合金薄带或圆棒，并采用X衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和差示热分析仪(DTA)研究了Ta，Nb和Mo对Ti50Ni20Cu25Sn5非晶合金玻璃形成能力(GFA)的影响。结果表明，Ta的添加提高了Ti50Ni20Cu25Sn5合金的GFA，Mo的添加降低了该合金的GFA，Nb的添加剂对该合金的GFA没有明显的影响；含Ta合金具有超过60K的宽过冷液态区(△Tx)，且其约化玻璃转变温度因子(Tg／Tm)大于含Nb合金和含Mo合金；采用常规铜模铸造法制备出了直径为lmm的(Ti0.5Ni0.2Cu0.25Sn0.05)98Ta2和(Ti0.5Ni0.2Cu0.5Sn0.05)96Ta4块状非晶圆棒；(Ti0.5Ni0.2Cu0.25Sn0.05)98Ta2块状非晶圆棒的Tg，△Tx和Tg／Tm分别为678K，84K和0．60，而(Ti0.5Ni0.2Cu0.25Sn0.05)96Ta4块状非晶圆棒的Tg，△Tx和Tg／Tm分别为680K，70K和0．60。     

Cu-Ni-Ti合金钎料对Si_3N_4陶瓷的润湿与连接

采用座滴法研究了Ｃ４－Ｎｉ－（２７—５６）Ｔｉ合金（原子分数,％,下刚在Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷上的润湿行为选用真空熔炼合金Ｃｕ３８Ｎｉ３０Ｔｉ３２和Ｃｕ３４Ｎｉ２７Ｔｉ３９作为钎料时,获得的Ｓｉ３Ｎ／Ｓｉ３Ｎ４接头的强度不理想在降低钎料含Ｔｉ量的同时适当降低含Ｎｉ量,重新设计了两种Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ－Ｔｉ（Ｓｉ,Ｂ）合金钎料,并采用膏状形式改善针料成分的均匀性,在１３５３Ｋ,１０ｍｉｎ的针焊条件下获得的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／Ｓｉ３Ｎ４接头最高三点弯曲强度分别提高至３３８．８和２０６９ＭＰａ,并对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／Ｓｉ３Ｎ。接头的界面反应进行了分析     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu/Al joints brazed using (Cu,Ni, Zr,Er)-modified Al—Si filler alloys

To design a promising Al—Si filler alloy with a relatively low melting-point, good strength and plasticity for the Cu/Al joint, the Cu, Ni, Zr and Er elements were innovatively added to modify the traditional Al—Si eutectic filler. The microstructure and mechanical properties of filler alloys and Cu/Al joints were investigated. The result indicated that the Al—Si—Ni—Cu filler alloys mainly consisted of Al(s,s), Al₂(Cu,Ni) and Si(s,s). The Al—10Si—2Ni—6Cu filler alloy exhibited relatively low solidus (521 °C) and liquidus (577 °C) temperature, good tensile strength (305.8 MPa) and fracture elongation (8.5%). The corresponding Cu/Al joint brazed using Al—10Si—2Ni—6Cu filler was mainly composed of Al₈(Mn,Fe)₂Si, Al₂(Cu,Ni)₃, Al(Cu,Ni), Al₂(Cu,Ni) and Al(s,s), yielding a shear strength of (90.3±10.7) MPa. The joint strength was further improved to (94.6±2.5) MPa when the joint was brazed using the Al—10Si—2Ni—6Cu—0.2Er—0.2Zr filler alloy. Consequently, the (Cu, Ni, Zr, Er)-modified Al—Si filler alloy was suitable for obtaining high-quality Cu/Al brazed joints.     

钛的电阻钎焊技术研究

研究了Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－２Ｓｉ和Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－５Ｓｉ金属间化合物合金的热轧组织与性能,结果发现：随着变形量的增加,两种合金第二相Ｔｉ５Ｓｉ３变得细小且趋向于均匀分布。变形量越大,合金的室温四点弯曲程度越大,含Ｔｉ５Ｓｉ３较多的Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－５Ｓｉ合金的弯曲强度较高。两种合金的室温弯曲断口形貌均为准解理形式,两相界面结合较强。高温拉伸试验表明：随变形量的增大,Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－２Ｓｉ合金的拉伸强度和塑性都增加。Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－５Ｓｉ合金由于变形量较大和较高的强化相体积含量,拉伸强度明显较Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－２Ｓｉ合金的为高,但塑性却大为降低     

Design and characterization of selective laser-melted Ti6Al4V–5Cu alloy for dental implants

Ti6Al4V–5Cu alloys have potential biomedical applications due to their adequate antibacterial properties. However, the wear and corrosion properties of these alloys are also crucial for dental implants. In the present study, Ti6Al4V–5Cu alloys were fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM). The microstructure and composition of Ti6Al4V–5Cu alloys by SLM were evaluated. The wear properties of the alloys in the simulated saliva environment and the atmospheric environment, as well as the electrochemical properties in the simulated saliva environment, were systematically investigated. The results showed that the crystal structure of Ti6Al4V–5Cu alloys was mainly composed of α-Ti and Ti₂Cu. In the SLM process, no preferred texture was observed due to the complex direction of the heat flux. The formation of Ti₂Cu can improve the strength of the material and make the titanium copper alloy have higher microhardness. Ti6Al4V–5Cu alloy showed a satisfactory wear resistance in both wear media. The addition of Cu reduced the second-phase content of the alloy. Meanwhile, the number of microcells was reduced, which was a positive factor to improve the corrosion resistance of the alloys.     

COLOR CHARACTERISTICS OF BINARY COPPER-BASE ALLOYS

The effect of Al, Zn, Sn, Mn, Si and Ni on the color characteristics of binary copper-base alloys has been researched systematically and quantitatively. The results show that all alloying elements decrease the red content of an alloy at different levels but have different effects on the yellow color. Al and Zn enhance the yellow content of an alloy, whereas Sn, Mn, Si and Ni decrease the yellow content. When the alloys with different karat gold colors are imitated, Al and Zn are the most important color mixing elements and Sn, Mn, Si and Ni can be used as auxiliary.     

Al-Ti-B和Al-5%Sr中间合金对轮毂铝合金的晶粒细化和变质作用

采用不同处理状态的Al Ti B中间合金和Al 5 %Sr中间合金 ,对轮毂铝合金Al 7%Si 0 35 %Mg进行晶粒细化和变质处理。在Instron 85 0 2 - 3411型液压伺服疲劳试验机上测试被处理合金的抗拉强度和伸长率。结果表明 :Al Ti B中间合金可有效地细化Al 7%Si 0 35 %Mg合金 ,加入 0 0 6 %Ti即可使合金获得良好的细化效果 ;Al 5 %Sr中间合金可有效地对Al 7%Si 0 35 %Mg合金进行变质 ,加入 0 0 2 %Sr即可使合金获得良好的变质效果 ;快速凝固和热变形处理可有效地改善Al Ti B的晶粒细化效果和Al 5 %Sr的变质效果 ,在获得相同的晶粒细化和变质程度的情况下 ,使Al Ti B和Al 5 %Sr中间合金的加入量减少约 5 0 % ,并使Al 7%Si 0 35 %Mg合金的力学性能有所提高