短HRT下AF深度处理城市污水快速启动实验

采用厌氧生物滤池(AF)对兰州某污水厂二级出水进行深度处理,在常温短HRT下以两步法——微生物固定化的好氧预挂膜法及复合配水的厌氧启动法进行快速挂膜.实验结果表明:好氧预挂膜阶段生长的丝状菌的网状结构为厌氧微生物的生长提供栖息地,厌氧启动过程包括好氧微生物的内碳源释放阶段、厌氧微生物的繁殖适应阶段及稳定阶段.AF在启动7周后达到稳定,对COD去除率可达28％以上.     

驱油菌SF67的室内性能评价实验研究

本文从芳6区筛选到了以烃类为唯一碳源、兼性厌氧的驱油微生物菌种。实验结果表明该菌种具有产表面活性剂、产酸、产气活性,且产量均较大。在最适温度和矿化度条件下,菌浓最高可接近107个/ml。能降解饱和烃类为繁殖所需的碳源,明显改善原油物性,使原油粘度、油水界面张力、pH值及含蜡量等明显降低。经该微生物作用后原油的物性会得到改善,有利于采收率的提高。     

沼泽红假单胞菌对活性大红废水处理的研究

研究了驯化后的光合细菌N菌株—沼泽红假单胞菌的生长细胞在不同条件下对活性大红的脱色处理效果。结果表明,沼泽红假单胞菌具有较高的细胞活性,并对活性大红具有较强的脱色处理能力。在活性大红浓度为100mg/L时,该菌株生长细胞脱色的最佳条件为:温度30℃,pH值为7,光照厌氧条件下的脱色效率远远高于光照好氧条件下的脱色效率,脱色效率达到80.2%,活性大红作为该菌株唯一的碳源和能源,脱色效率与细胞浓度呈极显著相关,细菌脱色效率保持在较恒定的水平。     

C.I.活性黄145的生物降解特性研究

文章主要研究在厌氧、好氧、厌氧/好氧条件下,通过采用活性污泥法生物降解活性染料C.I.活性黄145,从而了解该染料生物降解的特性。研究结果表明,在无外加碳源,染料浓度100 mg/L条件下,厌氧、好氧、厌氧/好氧条件下染料去除率均低于9.1%,而在外加碳源之后染料去除率明显升高,厌氧条件下染料去除率为90%。厌氧条件下能够处理更高浓度染料废水,染料浓度700 mg/L,去除率50%;好氧条件下染料浓度50~200 mg/L,染料去除率66%~12.7%;厌氧/好氧时染料去除率在厌氧段高。紫外-可见全波段扫描可知,在厌氧条件下染料在224 nm、256 nm、289 nm、416 nm的特征吸收峰或是降低或是消失。     

沼泽红假单胞菌处理HMX研究

研究了驯化后的沼泽红假单胞菌(rhodopseudomonas palustris)生长细胞在不同条件下对奥克托今(HMX)的降解效果。结果表明,沼泽红假单胞菌具有较高的细胞活性,并对HMX具有较强的降解能力。在HMX质量浓度为130mg/L时,该菌株生长细胞降解的最佳条件为:温度25℃,pH值7;光照厌氧条件下的降解效率远远高于光照好氧条件下的降解效率,降解效率达到85.7%;HMX作为该菌株唯一的碳源和能源,降解效率与细胞浓度呈极显著相关,细菌降解效率保持在较恒定的水平。     

光合细菌RP-1人造生物膜处理污水脱氮除磷效果

光合细菌RP-1菌株制备的人造生物膜在黑暗好氧条件下可将氨氮、NO2-N、TP和CODCr同步去除,且无污泥产生,适宜的pH为中性,其活性高低与碳源存在量呈正相关.当氨氮达500 mg/L时,对氨的硝化无抑制作用,并具有好氧和厌氧反硝化除亚硝态氮的能力.应用光合细菌RP-1人造生物膜处理被垃圾渗滤液污染的湖水,可迅速去除其中的高浓度氨氮和总磷.     

Citrobacter farmeri降解间甲酚的特性分析

从某焦化厂废水好氧生物处理的污泥中分离出一株能以间甲酚为唯一碳源、能源生长代谢的菌株Citrobacter farmeri.考察了间甲酚在不同初始浓度下Citrobacter farmeri细菌生长动力学,4种等浓度酚类物质的降解先后顺序,分别添加共基质葡萄糖和蛋白胨对低浓度和高浓度间甲酚降解的影响,以及在添加共基质葡...     

酱油废水处理技术研究

酱油废水是发酵调味品生产废水的一种,它的有机物浓度和色度都非常高,采用单一的好氧工艺进行处理,很难达标。本研究采用光合细菌兼性厌氧 微好氧生化 化学混凝复合工艺对酱油废水进行了处理。结果表明,在光照厌氧条件下,光合细菌菌群对CODcr的去除率为55％,微好氧作用后,BOD_5的去除率大于95％,好氧出水经混凝后色度大大降低,各项指标均能达到国标一级排放标准。     

EGSB反应器在微氧条件下去除焦化废水中挥发酚

以厌氧和间歇微氧条件为参照,分析EGSB反应器在连续微氧条件下对焦化废水中挥发酚的去除,在反应器运行过程中,进水挥发酚质量浓度在10.09～201.34 mg·L-1之间,微氧反应器有很好的抗冲击负荷能力,挥发酚的去除率保持在98％左右,温度降低后,使微氧反应器挥发酚的去除率由99％降到27％；微量的氧有利于EGSB反应器的稳定运行,反应器能够降解一些在纯厌氧情况下不能去除的难降解物质和有毒物质；颗粒污泥内部的产甲烷菌对于微量氧的加入并不敏感；微氧反应器中颗粒污泥的微生物种群丰富,从外到内微生物分层生长,依次为好氧菌、兼性菌、厌氧菌.     

光合细菌处理豆制废水的实验研究

目的：光合细菌（PSB）能降解多种有机污染物,不带来二次污染,且经济、简便。方法：文章在厌氧光照条件下对影响RhodopseudomonaspalustrisNo．7生长的温度、光照、pH、溶解氧等条件进行了较系统的研究,并进行了豆制废水的动态处理降解实验。结果：通过正交实验,得出光合细菌生长的适宜条件为：光强1500lx、微好氧、30℃、pH8．0。经处理后,COD去除率达到了54．32％。结论：有效实现了有机废水的降解。     

稠油污水原位升级达标现场试验研究

河南油田采油二厂稠油污水B／C值仅为0．04,极难对其进行生物降解;通过GC-MS分析。确定稠油污水有机污染物主要为烷烃类物质。针对其有机污染物特征以及B／C值低的特点,筛选出2株高效石油烃降解菌和2株抗表面活性荆功能菌;对现有生化处理装置厌氧段进行菌种投加、重新挂膜,使得厌氧段COD去除率达到35％左右,好氧段COD去除率达到30％左右,总COD去除率60％,出水COD稳定在120mg·L^-1以下。     

柠檬酸生产废物处理技术进展

分析了柠檬酸生产废水的来源及水质特征．讨论了厌氧生物法、好氧生物法、光合细菌法、乳状液膜法、中和废水的循环利用法以及综合处理法等生产废水处理方法，并对各种方法的原理、研究进展、优缺点及应用等方面进行了简要的论述和比较。介绍了用柠檬酸生产废渣来制备饲料、活性炭、棕色素和石膏等产品的相关技术。     

生物膜法A^2／O^2焦化废水处理系统缺氧反应器工艺特性

以焦化厂废水处理系统气浮设备出水为试验废水水源,在中试规模上研究了生物膜法A^2／O^2（厌氧／缺氧／好氧／好氧）系统中缺氧反应器的工艺特性和效果。缺氧反应器为以陶粒作填料的上流式滤池。,研究结果表明,缺氧反硝化对去除焦化废水中COD有重要作用,．反硝化菌可利用一些好氧微生物和厌氧微生物都难以降解的焦化废水中的有机物作碳源,反硝化反应器可去除进水中40％的COD。缺氧反硝化反应器进水碳氮质量比在5以上就可基本满足焦化废水反硝化对碳源的需求．．稳定运行状况下的NO3^- -N客积负荷不大于0．24kg／（m^3·d）．缺氧反应器的水力停留时间不小于24h。系统进水COD、NH3-N的质量浓度分别在1000～2200、200～400mg／L范围内,对系统进水不进行稀释的条件下．水解酸化反应器HRT为20h．缺氧反应器HRT为24h．一级好氧反应器和二级好氧反应器HRT均为48h．二级好氧反应器硝化液回流比为3时．生物膜法A^2／O^2系统处理出水的COD和NH3-N可以同时达到《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978—1996）中的一级排放标准。     

316L不锈钢在硫酸盐还原菌与铁氧化菌溶液中的腐蚀及电化学行为

1 INTRODUCTION Type 316L stainless steel has good corrosion re- sistance and has been used increasingly for cooling water service in the chemical, petrochemical and power utility industries. However stainless steel is susceptible to localized corrosion by chloride ions and reduced sulfur compounds[1]. The presence of micro- organisms on a metal surface often leads to highly localized damages in the concentration of the electro- lyte constituents, pH and oxygen levels[2]. These mi- croorg…     

Effects of different culture media and oxygen upon lipids ofEscherichia coli K-12

The effects of altering the chemical composition of the culture media and the oxygen content of the environment upon the lipid metabolism ofEscherichia coli K-12 were investigated. WhenE. coli cells were grown on the same culture medium but under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, an increase in the free fatty acids of anaerobically grown cells was observed with a disproportionate increase in the unsaturated fatty acids. When glucose was the sole carbon source, both fatty alcohols and hydrocarbons were detected as component lipids of these cells, whether growth occurred under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Based upon this observation, acetate is considered the initial precursor for fatty alcohol and hydrocarbon biosynthesis. A possible metabolic pathway involving fatty alcohols in hydrocarbon synthesis has been postulated.     

硫酸盐还原菌处理酸性矿山废水的技术及思考

含高浓度硫酸盐酸性矿山废水的污染是一个全球性的问题。利用硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）可对含硫酸盐的酸性矿山废水进行生物处理．在厌氧条件下．SRB以碳源为电子供体将SO4^2-还原到S^2-并释放出碱度，使废水pH值提高．S^2-可用物化法或生化法从废水中除去。文章综述了SRB的特点及它的生长条件，重点分析了利用SRB处理酸性矿山废水中存在的问题，如碳源、生物反应器的选择，并对生物处理酸性矿山废水的技术进行了展望。     

Understanding the detrimental effect of nitrate presence on EBPR systems: effect of the plant configuration

The interaction between enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EPBR) and biological nitrogen removal may result in EBPR failure in full‐scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This work studies one of the common causes of this failure: the presence of nitrate in the anaerobic phase, which may act as an inhibitor for polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) activity or may activate the competition between PAO and denitrifying bacteria for the carbon source. Several batch experiments were performed with different carbon sources (acetic acid, propionic acid and sucrose) at different nitrate concentrations using PAO‐enriched sludge from two different pilot plants: an anaerobic/aerobic sequential batch reactor (SBR) and an anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (A²/O) continuous plant. The results imply that the operational conditions of the A²/O pilot plant selected a PAO population capable of i) coexisting with nitrate without an inhibitory effect and ii) outcompeting denitrifying bacteria for the carbon source, in contrast to the SBR pilot plant where nitrate had an inhibitory effect on EBPR. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

高效石油降解菌的筛选及初步鉴定

经过以石油烃为唯一碳源的选择性培养基平板初筛和三角瓶发酵复筛,采用紫外分光光度法测定石油降解率,从江汉油田和冀东油田石油污染的土壤和水体中,筛选出有降解石油能力的微生物9株.其中3株细菌(X-1,X-2,X-3)降解石油能力较高,X-1菌株的石油降解率最高达64.28%.根据形态学观察和部分生理生化特征初步鉴定,该菌为节杆菌属(Arthrobacter sp.).     

Zum biologischen Abbau von Dibenzofuran im Hinblick auf dioxinähnliche Verbindungen

A Contribution to the Biological Degradation of Dibenzofurane with Regard to Dioxins A bacteria was isolated by submerse culturing which is growing on dibenzofurane as the sole carbon source. The adaptation was performed on an activated carbon fixedbed reactor in connection with dibenzofurane and dioxins containing drain water of a disposal for waste chemicals. As a first step of metabolism diphenylether was recognised. This indicates why the furanes within the dioxin-family in the environment are not found in the same concentration as the dioxins although both are emitted most in nearly the same ratio. An other particular feature of the bacteria is the forming of saturated hydrocarbons. The number of carbonatoms goes from 20 to 32, as well even as uneven and as well by aerobic as unaerobic culturing.