多亲遗传算法的理论分析及其应用研究

多亲遗传算法是在保持了传统遗传算法一些特性的基础上,对传统遗传算法的交叉算子进行了改进。在介绍了多亲遗传算法的基础上,对其进行了理论分析,证明了多亲遗传算法满足Holland的模式定理;提出了一种称为群体中心交叉的多亲交叉算子,最后将这种多亲交叉算子的多亲遗传算法应用到了数据聚类问题中,取得了良好的实验结果。     

使用混合邻域搜索算法求解多目标柔性JSP问题

通过对实际车间调度问题及邻域搜索算法的研究,针对传统遗传算法存在着一些缺陷,对多目标柔性JSP(车间调度)问题提出了基于遗传算法,并结合多种邻域搜索算法形成的一种新的混合邻域搜索算法。该算法基于相似度和免疫机制来构造初始解的策略,在遗传算子中提出了一种自适应的变异交叉概率,并在选择算子中结合模拟退火算法策略和免疫机制。经过实验结果表明,该混合邻域搜索算法提高了算法搜索的效率,并很好地解决了JSP问题。     

基于均匀设计的基因表达式编程算法研究

提出了一种基于均匀设计的基因表达式编程的进化算法(Uniform-Design Genetic Expression Programming,简称UGEP),新算法借助均匀设计的全局均匀分散性对初始种群的产生和杂交算子进行了改进,分别设计了基于混合水平均匀表的初始种群构造法和自适应的多亲杂交均匀算子.理论分析证明UGEP具有全局收敛性,且收敛速度也优于经典的GEP.在解决函数拟合、时间序列预测等实际问题中与同类算法进行了比较,在各项实验指标上均体现出了新算法的优越性.     

微粒群优化算法研究现状及其进展

对进化计算中引起广泛兴趣的微粒群优化(PSO)算法的研究现状进行了考察，介绍了一些最新研究进展，包括：杂交PSO、基于邻域算子的PSO和基于不同搜索方向的PSO，并简要介绍了PSO在求解复杂优化问题如多目标优化和带约束优化中的优势。最后给出了一些应用实例，讨论了将来可能的研究内容。     

改进的多智能体遗传算法求解TSP研究

多智能体遗传算法是基于智能体对环境感知与反作用的能力提出的一种新的函数优化方法,具有很快的收敛速度,尤其是在优化超高维函数时更显示出了它的优越性。针对这一特点对该算法进行了适当的改进,在邻域正交交叉算子中采用精英保留策略,在自学习算子中引入邻域正交交叉算子并采用小变异概率以加快收敛速度。求解TSP的实验结果显示,改进后算法的性能有了较大的提高。     

基于Pareto邻域交叉算子的多目标粒子群优化算法

针对粒子群优化（PSO）算法局部搜索能力不足的问题,提出一种基于Pareto邻域交叉算子的多目标粒子群优化算法(MPSOP)。该算法利用粒子群优化算法和Pareto邻域交叉算子相结合的策略产生新种群,并利用尺度因子在线调节粒子群优化算法和Pareto邻域交叉算子的贡献量。数值实验选取6个常用测试函数并对NSGA-Ⅱ、SPEA2、MOPSO三个多目标算法进行比较,数值实验结果表明MPSOP算法的有效性。     

多尺度加权邻域Gap算子图像边缘检测方法

依据Hastie T．和Tibshirani R．等提出的“Gap统计”的思想方法,通过分析样本灰度数据分布的差别,在进一步考虑加权邻域的基础上,建立了图像边缘检测的多尺加权邻域Gap统计模型。提出正则加权邻域的概念,并通过证明具体地给出了与尺度有关的正则邻域权重密度函数。分析Gap算子的性质,给出在加权邻域下模型边缘检测算法。给出正则加权邻域下不同尺度的检测结果,分析Gap算子与Sobel边缘检测算子之间的关系。模型具有多尺度、依尺度抗噪声的特点。     

融合Pareto邻域交叉算子的多目标分布估计算法

将分布估计算法用于多目标优化问题,提出一种融合Pareto邻域交叉算子的多目标分布估计算法（MEDAP）。与一般分布估计算法只通过采样方法产生新种群不同,MEDAP算法利用采样和交叉相结合的方法产生新种群,并通过模拟退火技术在线调节尺度因子,以此来控制采样和交叉的贡献量,根据NSGA-II的选择策略选出下一代进化种群。数值实验分为两组,一组选取8个常用测试函数并与NSGA-II、SPEA2、MOPSO三个多目标算法进行比较,数值实验结果表明了MEDAP算法的有效性。另一组与不加Pareto邻域交叉算子的多目标分布估计算法进行比较,数值实验结果验证了Pareto邻域交叉算子的加入提高了算法的性能。     

领域值信息表上的邻域逻辑及其数据推理

引入了一种基于邻域值信息表的邻域逻辑,它是用邻域拓扑内点和邻域拓扑闭包作为逻辑算子的一种逻辑。其内点和闭包是先经二元关系定义了邻域系统,然后用这种邻域系统来定义它。这种逻辑被定义在信息表上,其表上的每个个体关于属性不是取单独一个值,而是扩充到取一个值的领域。公式的真值被扩充为一个区间或邻域,因此讨论一个公式可满足性的三种类型：邻域内点可满足、邻域闭包可满足和邻域可满足,即将公式的真值扩充为多值,并讨论了这种真值关于逻辑联结词的运算和公式的语义模型。最后还给出了这种逻辑的数据推理。     

基于个体邻域的改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法

带有精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-II）是在NSGA的基础之上，提出拥挤度和拥挤度比较算子，代替了需要指定共享半径的适应度共享策略，是解决多目标优化问题的经典算法之一。但是NSGA-II算法在保持种群多样性时采取的拥挤距离排挤机制有着pareto前沿分布不均匀的缺陷，因此，提出一种基于个体邻域的改进NSGA-II算法SN-NSGA2。SN-NSGA2将密度聚类算法DBSCAN中邻域的思想应用到排挤机制中去，提出一种个体邻域的构建方法，采用相应的淘汰策略去除个体邻域中的其他邻居个体。实验结果表明相对于NSGA-II算法来说，新算法求出的pareto解集有着更好的分布性以及良好的收敛性。     

求解TSP的启发式顺序交叉算子

旅行商问题是经典的NP难组合优化问题之一.在用遗传算法求解旅行商问题时,顺序交叉算子是一种较为常用的遗传交叉算子.使用顺序交叉算子时的交叉点位置是随机指定的,不能反映关键遗传信息,导致算法执行效率较低.在顺序交叉算子的基础上,提出了一种启发式顺序交叉算子.该算子结合顺序交叉算子和启发式算法以得到双亲中交叉点位置,保留了双亲中关键的城市顺序信息.该算子改善了使用顺序交叉算子执行效率低的问题.实验结果表明了该算子的有效性.     

一种变形杂交算子——轮转杂交算子

杂交算子是遗传算法的三个基本算子之一,它在改进解群质量方面发挥着重要作用。现有遗传算法的杂交算子通常选择两个个体组成母本进行杂交运算。该文提出了一种选择三个个体组成母本进行轮转杂交的思想,文章称这种新的杂交算子为轮转杂交算子。首先通过理论分析证明,它能够扩大遗传算子搜索子空间,使收敛结果更趋于最优解。然后将其用于分布式系统任务调度问题,模拟结果说明是可行的。     

交叉算子的极限一致性

交叉算子是遗传算法的主要操作算子之一，它使遗传算法具有了其它传统方法所没有的特性，并于它的理论研究对深入理解遗传算法具有重要意义，该文对遗传算法中常用的交叉算子（一点交叉算子、两点交叉算子、多点交叉算子和一致交叉算子）的性质进行了分析，综合考虑了交叉算子色全的双重作用，给了染色体在各种交叉算子作用下的变化规律，并得到了模式变化的极限性能，证明了这些交叉算子的极限一致性，即这些交叉算子在演化代数趋于无穷时对染色体的作用结果是一致的，同时对各自不同的收敛特点进行了分析，这些分析结果不仅UMDA等算法提供了一定的理论依据。也为今后的研究工作提供了基础。     

Crossover in Grammatical Evolution

We present an investigation into crossover in Grammatical Evolution that begins by examining a biologically-inspired homologous crossover operator that is compared to standard one and two-point operators. Results demonstrate that this homologous operator is no better than the simpler one-point operator traditionally adopted.An analysis of the effectiveness of one-point crossover is then conducted by determining the effects of this operator, by adopting a headless chicken-type crossover that swaps randomly generated fragments in place of the evolved strings. Experiments show detrimental effects with the utility of the headless chicken operator.Finally, the mechanism of crossover in GE is analysed and termed ripple crossover, due to its defining characteristics. An experiment is described where ripple crossover is applied to tree-based genetic programming, and the results show that ripple crossover is more effective in exploring the search space of possible programs than sub-tree crossover by examining the rate of premature convergence during the run. Ripple crossover produces populations whose fitness increases gradually over time, slower than, but to an eventual higher level than that of sub-tree crossover.     

交叉算子与免疫算子的作用比较

通过应用免疫原理设计免疫算子对交叉结果进行修复，将免疫算子作为“有导向的变异算子”取代经典演化算法中的“盲目的变异算子”，可以有效抑制优化过程中的退化现象。该文以旅行商问题为例，通过设置不同的交叉概率和免疫概率，对免疫遗传算法中交叉算子和免疫算子的作用进行研究。实验结果表明，交叉算子的作用在于保证候选解的多样性和建设性（将局部近似最优解组合成全局近似最优解）；而免疫算子的作用则是对候选解进行局部优化，二者的结合体现了搜索过程中勘探与开采的统一。     

A new crossover operator in genetic programming for object classification.

The crossover operator has been considered "the centre of the storm" in genetic programming (GP). However, many existing GP approaches to object recognition suggest that the standard GP crossover is not sufficiently powerful in producing good child programs due to the totally random choice of the crossover points. To deal with this problem, this paper introduces an approach with a new crossover operator in GP for object recognition, particularly object classification. In this approach, a local hill-climbing search is used in constructing good building blocks, a weight called looseness is introduced to identify the good building blocks in individual programs, and the looseness values are used as heuristics in choosing appropriate crossover points to preserve good building blocks. This approach is examined and compared with the standard crossover operator and the headless chicken crossover (HCC) method on a sequence of object classification problems. The results suggest that this approach outperforms the HCC, the standard crossover, and the standard crossover operator with hill climbing on all of these problems in terms of the classification accuracy. Although this approach spends a bit longer time than the standard crossover operator, it significantly improves the system efficiency over the HCC method.     

Theoretical analysis of evolutionary algorithms with an infinitepopulation size in continuous space. Part II: Analysis of thediversification role of crossover

For pt. I see ibid., p. 102-19. In this part of the paper the authors concentrate on the unique diversification role of the crossover operator in genetic algorithms. The explorative behavior of a generic crossover operator is revealed through a detailed large-sample analysis. Recursive equations for the population distributions are derived for a uniform crossover operator in multi-dimensional continuous space, showing how the crossover operator probes new regions of the solution space while keeping the population within the feasible region. The results of this analysis can be extended to the setting of a discrete space in a straightforward manner, shedding much light on the understanding of the essential role of crossover in genetic algorithms.     

一种改进的TSP启发交叉算子

旅行商问题（TSP,Traveling Salesman Problem）是一种经典的NP组合优化问题。遗传算法在求解这类组合问题方面明显优于传统算法,同时也提出了许多求解较好路径的交叉算子。在对比分析唐立新提出的两种启发式交叉算法的基础上,提出了一种新的交叉算子。该算子通过判断父代的城市是否相邻来保存有效基因片断,通过加入一个移动的窗口来加快算法收敛。实验结果表明了该算子的有效性。     

Development of a novel crossover of hybrid genetic algorithms for large-scale traveling salesman problems

This article proposes a novel crossover operator of hybrid genetic algorithms (HGAs) with a Lin-Kernighan (LK) heuristic for solving large-scale traveling salesman problems (TSPs). The proposed crossover, tentatively named sub-tour recombination crossover (SRX), collects many short sub-tours from both parents under some set of rules, and reconnects them to construct a new tour of the TSP. The method is evaluated from the viewpoint of tour quality and CPU time for ten well-known benchmarks, e.g., dj38, qa194, …, ch71009.tsp, in the TSP website of the Georgia Institute of Technology. We compare the SRX with three conventional crossover operators, a variant of the maximal preservative crossover operator (MPX3), a variant of the greedy sub-tour crossover operator (GSX2), and a variant of the edge recombination crossover operator (ERX6), and show that the SRX succeeded in finding a better solution and running faster than the conventional methods mentioned above.     

A decomposition-based hybrid multiobjective evolutionary algorithm with dynamic resource allocation

Different crossover operators suit different problems. It is, therefore, potentially problematic to chose the ideal crossover operator in an evolutionary optimization scheme. Using multiple crossover operators could be an effective way to address this issue. This paper reports on the implementation of this idea, i.e. the use of two crossover operators in a decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, but not simultaneously. After each cycle, the operator which has helped produce the better offspring is rewarded. This means that the overall algorithm uses a dynamic resource allocation to reward the better of the crossover operators in the optimization process. The operators used are the Simplex Crossover operator (SPX) and the Center of Mass Crossover operator (CMX). We report experimental results that show that this innovative use of two crossover operators improves the algorithm performance on standard test problems. Results on the sensitivity of the suggested algorithm to key parameters such as population size, neighborhood size and maximum number of solutions to be altered for a given subproblem in the the decomposition process are also included.