异纤清除技术的发展探讨

介绍了异纤技术的发展过程,分析了人工捡异纤、半自动捡异纤、高效自动除异纤、在线检测除异纤、布面除异纤方法的优缺点,分析了当今棉纺织行业清除异纤所占用的人员、资金等综合因素,为棉纺织企业清除异纤技术和纺机研制企业开发异纤清除设备提供指导.     

异纤清除技术的发展及探讨

介绍了异纤技术的发展，分析了人工拣异纤、半自动拣异纤、高效自动除异纤、在线检测除异纤及布面除异纤的方法，结合当今棉纺织行业清除异纤所占用的人员、资金等综合因素，对棉纺织企业清除异纤技术和纺机研制企业开发异纤清除设备进行了探讨。     

纯机械式籽棉异纤清除机的替代品——ZYQ-1型籽棉异纤清除机

ZYQ-1型籽棉异纤清除机吸收了机械缠绕式清除异纤的优点的基础上,结合最新的视频在线检测技术、图像处理技术,大大提高了机器检出异纤的类型和精确度,为轧花厂解决异纤问题,提高皮棉质量,提供了一个有力的保证,为棉纺行业解决异纤问题探索出一条新路。棉花采摘、收购过程中形成的异纤(俗称三丝)问题,一直以来困扰着中国的棉纺织行业,成为棉纺织行业追求高质量、高利润的拦路虎!籽棉中的异纤越往后清除的难度越大,耗费的人力物力越多。如何能在棉花加工的     

本色丙纶异纤的在线检测和清除

指出了本色异纤对生产的危害性,认为当前重点应着眼于本色丙纶等异纤的检测和清除,通过分析丙纶纤维的特性,介绍了用静电电位检测、超声波反射特性、紫外光荧光效应和纤维的抗染性能等方法进行检测和清除的过程.其中超声波方法较适用于开清棉异纤的检测清除,静电位法可用于电子清纱器,荧光效应法适用于筒纱的质量守关.文中提出了异纤检测清除的基本模式.     

关于棉纺厂异纤检测和清除设备使用效果与发展前景分析

文章论述了棉纺厂使用异纤检测和清除设备的必要性，并对目前国内采用异纤检测和清除的3种方法作了对比分析，提出了清除原棉中异纤应从提高开清棉异纤检测与清除效果为主，络筒机清除为辅。在开清棉机组中加装异纤检测和清除装置是最佳选择。     

纺纱过程中异纤清除方法的探讨

探讨纺纱过程中异纤清除方法。介绍了异纤的定义、异纤的危害及控制标准。阐述了纺纱过程中清除异纤的方法及途径,重点介绍了清棉流程中人工挑拣与异纤分拣机、络筒电子清纱器相结合清除异纤的方法以及对异纤的清除效果。并对采用人工挑拣异纤和使用异纤分拣机两种方法的费用成本进行了对比分析。最终使所纺的棉纱满足了用户作浅色、甚至是漂白用纱的质量要求。认为:采用清棉流程中人工挑拣与异纤分拣机、络筒电子清纱器相结合的清除异纤方法,对异纤的清除效果较为理想。     

异纤分拣机检测的特点分析

为了能高效剔除异纤,分析了目前国内外采用的光电式和超声波式两大类异纤检测方式的优缺点,说明应将多种检测方式有机融合以优势互补,可提高异纤检测率及清除率,提高棉纺企业的生产效率,减少用工,降低成本,提升成品品质,是今后异纤分拣机的发展方向.     

籽棉中异性纤维的双光源成像检测方法

针对现有的异纤清理机无法彻底清除异性纤维的问题,提出了一种在籽棉轧花前对异性纤维进行检测的方法。以清除了铃壳、茎、叶等有机杂物的籽棉和常见的21种有色及白色异纤为检测样本,在白色LED和红色线激光双光源照明获取图像,在RGB颜色空间的Ｒ 通道和HSI颜色空间的S通道利用改进的索贝尔（Sobel）边缘检测算法检测异纤。同时在S通道利用一维最大熵法以提高异纤检测率。实验结果表明：采用的双光源照明成像方法和图像处理算法可减少阴影等干扰,白色异纤的检出率可达到74.7%,有色异纤的检出率可达到70.8%,为籽棉中异性纤维的检测提供了参考和借鉴。     

60AT4型异纤分拣机最优检测参数预测

探讨60AT4型异纤分拣机的结构特点和设备调试方法,对其最优检测参数进行了预测。异纤检出率作为评价异纤分拣机检测性能的重要指标,其主要的影响因素有检测参数、风机频率(棉流速度)和相机白平衡值等。利用BP神经网络预测了设备的最优检测参数,并通过大量试验进行了验证,最终实际检出率与预期检出率的误差在5%左右。认为:预测的最优检测参数对于多种颜色块状和线状异纤的检测误差在允许范围内,能够满足实际生产需求。     

数码紫外荧光成像技术与原棉异纤检测

以有色异纤和无色异纤为研究对象,提出了针对这两类异纤的有色异纤检测模块和无色异纤检测模块,着重介绍了基于紫外荧光效应的无色异纤检测模块.     

More about fibre friction and its measurements

Unfortunately, the classical empirical friction laws do not hold true for fibrous and viscoelastic materials comprising most of the textile fibres. In the second half of the twentieth century, fibre surfaces have been studied by many distinguished scientists who were able to complete numerous researches for the frictional characteristics of different types of fibres. Most of the researchers have aimed to develop a new test method and a test device that can be used to measure the frictional characteristics of fibres quickly, accurately and easily in their studies. Unfortunately, there is not a standard test method or a test device for the measurement of textile fibres' friction properties. For today's competitive marketing, the instrument for fibre testing must be very fast and accurate; otherwise, it will not be useful for commercial purposes. For example, hundreds of thousands of cotton bales should be tested within a very short period of time in terms of the length, colour and trash content of the cotton bales. Without having the data describing the properties of cotton fibres, cotton bales cannot be sold commercially in most of the countries. Therefore, it is an important factor that the fibre-testing instrument should be fast and accurate. Most of the properties of cotton fibres can be assessed by using a HVI fibre-testing instrument. In this review, the historical perspective of fibre friction studies has been demonstrated with the fibre friction measurement-testing devices.     

纺织异性纤维及其控制措施

分析了纺织异性纤维的产生与危害,并提出对策,认为棉花在采摘、收购、加工环节的预防把关,增加原棉分拣工充和建立全流程各工序异性纤维检验体系,把异性纤维列入棉花和有关纺织品的质量评定是解决异性纤维之关键。     

浅谈彩棉的纺纱加工技术特点

探讨彩棉的纺纱加工技术特点.介绍了彩棉的品质与性能,分析了彩棉品质指标差的原因.对彩棉在加工过程中容易出现的异性纤维混入问题、纺纱品种、用棉量及各工序的加工特点作以总结.指出:彩棉加工要重视异性纤维混入问题、加大用棉量、加强纤维的混和和除杂、多采用精梳加工工艺及棉条混和的工艺路线、粗纱和细纱捻系数应稍大控制,以保证彩棉纺织品的质量水平.     

棉花异性纤维的危害和预防

棉花是纺织品的主要原料,我国是一个纺织品出口大国,纺织品的发展推动了我国经济社会的发展,但是,当前我国纺织品出现棉花含异性纤维的问题,异性纤维对人们造成极大的伤害,因此,本文首先阐述棉花、化纤等原材料对纺织品的影响和作用,针对棉花异性纤维的危害,提出相应的预防措施。     

棉纤维水分检测方法的研究

对以电阻法为设计原理的国产Y412系列原棉水分测试仪存在的测试结果误差大、稳定性差、通用性差等缺陷进行了分析。由于纺织纤维的直流电阻高、纤维介质在直流电场中存在极化现象，测试极板在直流电场中也易于极化等原因，使得用电阻法测试棉纤维水分含量存在难以克服的原理上的缺陷。在此基础上，提出以交流阻抗法测试纺织纤维的水分含量，并设计出适用的测试仪器系统。     

Detection clustering analysis algorithm and system parameters study of the near-point multi-class foreign fiber

In this paper, we investigate a detection algorithm for foreign fiber during the processing of cotton textile. By collecting a large number of samples, we determine the color model and establish its characteristic parameters of a foreign fiber. We found foreign fibers of multiple types (classes) and proposed a classification–recognition algorithm based on clustering analysis. The maximum error of the studied recognition algorithm is 0.012, which meets the requirement to recognize foreign fibers. Through many experiments, the optimal parameters for the foreign fiber detection system were determined, and the fiber recognition rates for different types were obtained. The lowest recognition rate is 85%. This is sufficiently high to reject foreign fibers and reach the standards of the textile industry. Experimental results show that foreign fiber clustering analysis algorithm is feasible, and it not only improves the quality of foreign fiber detection significantly, but also has high theoretical value and practical value.     

A comparative study on properties of dual-core yarns

Core-spun yarns containing Spandex have been widely used for the production of elastic textile materials. However, it has been encountered various problems not only during the usage but also during textile processes due to its high recovery property. In order to solve these problems, multicomponent core-spun yarns called as dual-core (DC) yarns, have been developed. DC yarns can be produced on the modified ring spinning machine in two different ways. In the first method, previously combined two core yarns are fed simultaneously, whereas in the second method, two core yarns are given separately into the centre of sheath fibre bundle. In present study, it was aimed to research the effect of these production methods on yarn features. Polyester and Spandex core components and cotton wrapping fibres were brought together in both two ways and the properties of multicomponent core-spun yarns were compared with cotton ring counterparts for three different yarn counts.     

Cotton in the new millennium: advances,economics, perceptions and problems

Cotton is the most significant natural fibre and has been a preferred choice of the textile industry and consumers since the industrial revolution began. The share of man-made fibres, both regenerated and synthetic fibres, has grown considerably in recent times but cotton production has also been on the rise and accounts for about half of the fibres used for apparel and textile goods. To cotton’s advantage, the premium attached to the presence of cotton fibre and the general positive consumer perception is well established, however, compared to commodity man-made fibres and high performance fibres, cotton has limitations in terms of its mechanical properties but can help to overcome moisture management issues that arise with performance apparel during active wear.

This issue of Textile Progress aims to:

1. Report on advances in cotton cultivation and processing as well as improvements to conventional cotton cultivation and ginning. The processing of cotton in the textile industry from fibre to finished fabric, cotton and its blends, and their applications in technical textiles are also covered.

2. Explore the economic impact of cotton in different parts of the world including an overview of global cotton trade.

3. Examine the environmental perception of cotton fibre and efforts in organic and genetically-modified (GM) cotton production. The topic of naturally-coloured cotton, post-consumer waste is covered and the environmental impacts of cotton cultivation and processing are discussed. Hazardous effects of cultivation, such as the extensive use of pesticides, insecticides and irrigation with fresh water, and consequences of the use of GM cotton and cotton fibres in general on the climate are summarised and the effects of cotton processing on workers are addressed. The potential hazards during cotton cultivation, processing and use are also included.

4. Examine how the properties of cotton textiles can be enhanced, for example, by improving wrinkle recovery and reducing the flammability of cotton fibre.

     

18—THE EFFECT OF HUMIDITY ON THE PHOTOTENDERING OF UNDYED FIBRES

Various undyed textile fibres exposed to the Light-fastness Tester under different humidity conditions are shown to lose tensile strength to different degrees; poly(vinyl alcohol) fibre, viscose, nylon, and cotton are found to be very sensitive to changes in humidity, whereas Orion acrylic fibre and Terylene polyester fibre are the least sensitive materials among those tested.     

Upcycling of waste textiles into regenerated cellulose fibres: impact of pretreatments

Abstract

Due to several factors including textile waste accumulation and the use of environmentally harsh chemicals, the textile industry has become the second worst polluting industry worldwide. Therefore, significant effort is currently underway to find solutions to reduce this impact. In this study, coloured waste cotton fabrics were regenerated through a wet spinning process into new coloured fibres, hence recycling not only the fibre materials but also the colour. The impact of pretreatments on the colour retention and degree of polymerization of waste cotton-based fabrics was investigated in terms of the degree of polymerization of the waste cotton, the rheological properties of the spinning dope and the ability to maintain the original colour of the waste fabric. The spun fibres showed mechanical strength similar to commercial viscose fibre. The colour from the original fabric was retained under selected acid pretreatment conditions.