基于模型修正的螺栓连接板结构动力学建模方法

螺栓连接板结构是飞行器结构中应用最为广泛的可拆卸固定结合部之一。该文针对螺栓连接板结构的动力学建模展开研究:基于薄层单元理论建立螺栓连接板结构的动力学等效模型;采用固有频率误差和模态置信准则残差的加权和作为修正薄层单元材料本构参数的目标函数,并利用水循环算法对待修正参数进行全局修正;以一个双边固支五螺栓搭接板结构的动力学建模为例,来验证该文提出方法的可行性和鲁棒性。结果表明,采用该文提出的方法建立的螺栓连接结构的动力学预示模型能够准确地表征其动态特性,并且具有良好的抗噪性。     

典型螺栓连接界面轴向动态特性的不确定性研究

工程结构中普遍存在螺栓连接,其中螺栓连接界面的非线性与不确定性是其两个重要特性,该研究针对某典型螺栓连接界面轴向动态特性的不确定性开展研究。通过结构不同次装配工况的正弦振动试验,获得了系统轴向振动固有频率与模态阻尼比的不确定性。采用薄层单元建立螺栓连接结合面模型,基于薄层单元弹性模量、泊松比与连接系统固有频率的关系,以及薄层单元材料损耗因子与模态阻尼比的关系,再结合基于主成分分析(PCA)的不确定性有限元模型修正方法,利用螺栓连接系统的不确定性研究试验结果,对薄层单元的弹性模量、泊松比及材料损耗因子区间进行了识别。识别得到的螺栓连接轴向固有频率与模态阻尼比区间与试验结果区间吻合较好,研究结果为类似螺栓连接结构结合面动力学建模及其不确定性研究提供了新方法。     

基于薄层单元的螺栓连接结构接触面不确定性参数识别

提出了一种螺栓连接接触面不确定性参数识别方法,首先采用薄层单元对接触面进行参数化,然后根据不确定性识别方法识别薄层单元参数。以四螺栓搭接结构试验模型为研究对象,开展接触面不确定性参数识别方法仿真研究。采用Monte-Carlo方法构造待识别参数真实值样本,代入基准有限元模型中计算获得具有统计意义的仿真试验数据;采用不确定性参数识别方法预测薄层单元参数均值与标准差,仿真结果表明:该方法能够较为准确的模拟接触面法向和切向接触刚度,并显著提高连接结构的建模效率,建立反映真实结构动态性能统计特征的有限元模型。     

基于非均匀分布复弹簧单元的螺栓连接薄板结构动力学有限元建模

在创建螺栓连接结构动力学模型时,如何有效地模拟螺栓影响区对结构动力学特性的贡献至关重要。提出用非均匀分布复弹簧单元来模拟螺栓影响区力学特性,在此基础上针对一种螺栓连接薄板结构建立有限元模型并对其进行线性动力学分析。在确定螺栓影响区面积的基础上,分别假定了三种刚度非均匀分布的复弹簧单元来模拟螺栓结合部的力学特性,并提出用反推辨识技术确定复弹簧单元刚度及阻尼参数的方法。通过自编有限元程序创建了螺栓连接薄板结构线性动力学分析模型,重点描述了将非均匀分布复弹簧单元引入连接薄板动力学方程的方法。最后,以一个具体的螺栓连接薄板结构为对象进行了实例研究,结果表明:用所创建的有限元模型计算获得的固有频率、模态振型以及频响函数值与实测值均较为接近,从而证明了用非均匀分布复弹簧单元模拟螺栓影响区进而实施有限元建模可实现较高的仿真计算精度。     

环境激励下基于快速贝叶斯FFT的实桥模态参数识别

近年来,贝叶斯理论逐步应用于工程结构的模态参数识别、有限元模型修正及状态评估等方面。基于快速贝叶斯FFT的模态参数识别方法是针对某一共振频率带的单个模态,通过一个四维的数值优化问题得到模态参数的最佳估计,并通过对数似然函数关于模态参数的二阶导数求得Hessian矩阵,使得基于贝叶斯的参数识别方法可以快速高效地进行。为了评估该方法在实际桥梁结构模态参数识别应用中的可行性及优越性,运用快速贝叶斯FFT方法对环境激励下一刚构-连续组合梁桥的竖向加速度响应进行了分析处理,识别了其模态参数的最佳估计,并根据模态参数的变异系数评估了其后验的不确定性。识别结果与随机子空间识别结果的对比表明,两种方法识别的频率和振型基本吻合,阻尼识别结果的差异仍然较大。     

应用梯度连接层的层合电工钢梁螺栓结合部简化模型研究EI北大核心CSCD

表征电工钢片间螺栓结合部连接参数是进行铁心结构动力学分析的关键,针对现有变压器铁心动力学模型参数识别误差大的问题,提出了考虑螺栓结合面压强分布不均匀的梯度连接层模型。通过理论计算获得了螺栓结合部的压强分布,推导了梯度连接层弹性参数与螺栓结合部接触压强的关系式。在获得层合电工钢梁试件等效材料参数的基础上,对由螺栓连接的两根相同层合电工钢梁,建立了梯度连接层模型模拟层合电工钢梁之间的螺栓结合部。经模态对比修正了梯度连接层的弹性参数,修正后螺栓连接层合电工钢梁试验模态与计算模态的前8阶振型一致,对应固有频率的误差在1%以内,证明了梯度连接层模型的准确性。在变压器铁心中应用修正后的梯度连接层模型,能够提高建模精度。     

螺栓法兰连接结构简化动力学建模及模型参数辨识

螺栓法兰连接结构内含接触、间隙等多种非线性因素,导致该结构的动力学分析变得异常复杂且耗时,构建简化动力学模型是提高计算效率的主要手段之一。把螺栓法兰连接处理为黑盒子,并截取螺栓法兰连接结构的部分竖直部段,以形成"局部连接结构"。获得螺栓法兰连接对接面的接触特性后,采用若干个拉压刚度不同的弹簧阻尼单元对单个螺栓连接进行了简化,进而得到了局部连接结构的简化动力学模型。根据典型动载荷作用下的动力学响应数据,采用力状态映射法对简化动力学模型进行了参数辨识。动力学试验数据表明,螺栓法兰连接结构简化动力学模型的预测误差不超过20%。     

基于渐进损伤模型的复合材料斜接接头的拉伸强度

本文首先以斜接角度、搭接长度以及搭接厚度为参数分别建立了复合材料单边斜接接头和双边斜接接头在拉伸载荷下的参数化有限元模型,采用abaqus软件中UMAT子程序功能编写了材料损伤本构模型,并利用cohesive单元模拟胶接界面损伤。通过渐进损伤分析,模拟出斜接接头的三种破坏模式,最终得到了各参数变化对斜接接头拉伸强度的影响,其中母板最终破坏模式对应最大拉伸强度,并对单边斜接接头和双边斜接接头结果进行了对比分析,得出双边斜接接头强度大于单边斜接接头强度的结论。     

基于ANSYS的复合材料螺旋桨叶片有限元建模与分析

针对船用复合材料螺旋桨叶片,分别采用壳单元赋予不同截面参数和实体单元赋予不同等效材料参数两种建模方法进行了有限元分析,对比了壳单元和实体单元模型的模态、均布压力载荷下的响应以及均匀温度场中的热变形。结果表明:对于从桨根到桨尖各位置铺层不同的叶片来说,两种建模方法在建模时间和铺层调整便捷性方面各有利弊;模态分析中两种模型的固有频率和振型计算结果存在一定差异,它们均可在一定条件下用于复合材料螺旋桨叶片模态计算;两种模型中,模拟均布压力载荷下的响应时应采用壳单元模型,而分析叶片在均匀温度场中结构的热变形应采用实体单元模型。     

基于损伤的型钢混凝土构件数值分析

为了对型钢混凝土构件进行精细化建模分析,首先建立了仅依靠材料参数的混凝土本构关系以及损伤演化方程,根据型钢应变的发展以及屈曲影响,得到了型钢损伤本构模型.通过对型钢与混凝土粘结-滑移机理的进一步分析,进而建立了一种同时考虑粘结损伤和力学损伤的型钢与混凝土界面损伤模型,以合理考虑粘结-滑移对构件力学性能的影响.最后,对型...     

Hollow fibres with walls filled with hydrogels

Although extractions using hollow fibres can be faster and more efficient than those carried out in more conventional equipment, such as mixer/separators, accidental convection through the pores in the fibre walls can compromise these advantages. A way of overcoming this drawback is to fill the walls of the fibres with a gel, such as crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol. The overall mass transfer is unaltered but the convection through the pores is eliminated.     

Out with the old in with the new

The materials issues facing the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) community can be understood best in terms of the historical context. The field began almost as an afterthought among those engaged in integrated circuit production. These researchers recognized early on that the same processes used in the production of circuits could be re-ordered to make very small mechanical devices. The huge investment made by the electronics community in silicon technologies — and the relative ease with which these techniques could be adapted to device production — made them an obvious resource for early MEMS designers. It is no accident that polycrystalline silicon is the most commonly used structural material.But with the continued expansion of MEMS devices into new areas of application, the limitations of silicon (Si) usefulness became clear. The need to combine electronics and MEMS on the same chip (iMEMS), improve the wear characteristics of moving parts, and achieve a greater mass of moving parts in MEMS inertial sensors have led researchers away from a ‘one-material-fits-all’ approach. Instead the search is on for materials that more directly serve specific ends. The need for biocompatibility in the emerging field of bio-MEMS has added urgency to the quest for new materials, since Si-based materials cannot meet every bio-MEMS need.     

Writing with Fluid: Structuring Hydrogels with Micrometer Precision by AFM in Combination with Nanofluidics

Hydrogels have many applications in biomedical surface modification and tissue engineering. However, the structuring of hydrogels after their formation represents still a major challenge, in particular due to their softness. Here, a novel approach is presented that is based on the combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanofluidics, also referred to as FluidFM technology. Its applicability is demonstrated for supramolecular hydrogel films that are prepared from low‐molecular weight hydrogelators, such as derivates of 1,3,5‐benzene tricarboxamides (BTAs). BTA films can be dissolved selectively by ejecting alkaline solution through the aperture of a hollow AFM‐cantilever connected to a nanofluidic controller. The AFM‐based force control is essential in preventing mechanical destruction of the hydrogels. The resulting “chemical writing” process is studied in detail and the influence of various parameters, such as applied pressure and time, is validated. It is demonstrated that the achievable structuring precision is primarily limited by diffusion and the aperture dimensions. Recently, various additive techniques have been presented to pattern hydrogels. The here‐presented subtractive approach can not only be applied to structure hydrogels from the large class of reversibly formed gels with superior resolution but would also allow for the selective loading of the hydrogels with active substances or nanoparticles.     

用心感知生活用感知抒写创意

前几天妹妹在我的"世界之星"颁奖仪式的照片下留言说:"哥,我没想过你的人生会这么精彩!",是啊,连我自己也从未想过我的人生能如此丰富多彩. 很多设计师是因为喜欢美术或是因为从小便培养的美术基础才选择美术专业,跟别人不同,美术是我不高的文化分数无奈之下的选择,万幸的是当我接触它时,便狂热地爱上了它.     

Vehicle routing problem with vector profits with max-min criterion

This article introduces a new routing problem referred to as the vehicle routing problem with vector profits. Given a network composed of nodes (depot/sites) and arcs connecting the nodes, the problem determines routes that depart from the depot, visit sites to collect profits, and return to the depot. There are multiple stakeholders interested in the mission and each site is associated with a vector whose kth element represents the profit value for the kth stakeholder. The objective of the problem is to maximize the profit sum for the least satisfied stakeholder, i.e. the stakeholder with the smallest total profit value. An approach based on linear programming relaxation and column-generation to solve this max–min type routing problem was developed. Two case studies—the planetary surface exploration and the Rome tour cases—were presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed problem formulation and solution methodology.     

Bridge circuits with pulse supply with extended functional capabilities

Bridge circuits with considerably extended functional capabilities are considered. They enable one, without any change in configuration, to determine the parameters of RL, RC, and RCL multicomponent two-terminal networks when connected to the same two leadouts of the bridge circuits. Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 40–45, April, 2009.     

A New Control Technique with Quality Characteristic Shifting with Time

In this paper, a new quality control technique is discussed, in which the quality characteristic shifts with time. A trends semi‐circle control chart is proposed to control this type of processes effectively. An optimization model is suggested to determine the optimal interval of adjustment. We also discuss the average run length of the proposed control chart and the extension to the EWMA chart. An example is used to illustrate its application in a production process. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Acute hemolysis with acute renal failure in a patient with valproic acid poisoning treated with charcoal hemoperfusion

Hemoperfusion consists of the passage of anticoagulated blood through a column containing adsorbent particles. It was introduced in 1940 and refined from 1950 to 1970, and then introduced clinically for the treatment of acute intoxications between 1970 and 1980. Life-threatening valproic acid toxicity is an indication for coated charcoal hemoperfusion usually accomplished without complications, but we report a case of acute severe intravascular hemolysis during the time of hemoperfusion with coated charcoal column.