知识图谱引导的贝叶斯网概率推理

在基于贝叶斯网的概率推理应用中,由于缺乏节点间潜在的关联信息,使得与推理任务无关的节点参与计算,导致推理效率不高,高效的贝叶斯网推理有待深入研究.为此,本文引入知识图谱,使用领域知识补充节点间潜在的关联信息,从而支持高效贝叶斯网推理.首先,基于TransE模型将知识图谱中的三元组嵌入到低维向量空间,通过向量的相似度计算得到实体间的关联信息,以此为依据从贝叶斯网中抽取与推理任务相关的子图构建节点关联图;然后,基于实体间的相似度与贝叶斯网节点参数给出图中的权值计算方法;最后,基于节点关联图的嵌入实现近似推理.实验结果表明,本文方法的效率优于吉布斯采样算法与前向采样算法,验证了本方法的高效性.     

基于AR模型的置信规则库结构识别算法

针对以置信规则推理作为系统控制器的应用,传统的置信K均值聚类算法往往不能充分利用数据中时间上的动态关联信息。因此,在模糊聚类算法的基础上引入自回归(AR)模型,将集约生产计划中的需求数据作为一组时间序列进行动态的聚类分析。该算法不仅可以充分利用集约生产计划中的需求数据的内部自相关性,而且可以进一步利用隶属度函数对AR模型的预测过程进行模糊化调整,从而得到更为理想的置信规则库结构,提高推理与决策的精度。     

基于模糊贝叶斯网络的叉装车制动系统故障诊断研究

为解决因缺乏实际数据而无法准确计算叉装车制动系统部件的故障概率问题,提出一种结合模糊集理论和贝叶斯网络的模糊贝叶斯网络故障诊断方法。该方法利用模糊数表达故障发生的可能性,将专家给出的节点故障概率主观语言评判值转换为模糊数,经过解模糊后得到精确值,再利用贝叶斯网络推理进行故障的诊断,提高了贝叶斯网络对模糊信息和不确定信息的处理能力。通过Ge NIe软件对所建立的叉装车制动系统故障诊断模型仿真分析,验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于模糊推理的电机故障诊断专家系统研究

利用小波的多分辨率分析方法对某电机的噪声信号进行分析,将小波分解后得到的高频能量作为故障特征向量,作为故障检测的依据;针对电机故障的特点及故障诊断的要求,设计了基于模糊推理的专家系统,采用模糊产生式规则表示知识,利用已获得的各种故障的高频能量特征向量构造规则的前提条件,通过实时获得的故障特征向量与各条规则前提条件进行模糊匹配,采用正向推理的模糊推理方法实现推理机制,直接得出诊断结果,经实验验证是可行的,并且具有较高的实时性以及准确性。     

基于贝叶斯网络模型的电子装备故障诊断研究

针对电子装备故障的层次性、相关性、不确定性特点,结合贝叶斯网络在处理不确定性问题上的优点,提出了电子装备故障诊断的贝叶斯网络方法;研究了基于故障树分析和故障模式、影响、危害度信息的贝叶斯网络模型建立方法,分析了贝叶斯网络的故障预测和推理原理,确立了各底事件对故障诊断的重要度,形成了故障诊断的合理顺序,通过实例验证了上述方法的可行性和有效性;研究成果对复杂电子装备的故障诊断有借鉴意义。     

基于模糊子集的土地利用遥感图像模糊规则分类

为了较好地处理遥感图像的不确定性或模糊性,提高分类精度,提出了一种基于模糊子集的土地利用遥感图像模糊规则分类方法。将模糊隶属度函数值对应到特定的模糊子集建立模糊规则条件,由样本建立分类规则库,通过计算分类数据规则条件部分与分类规则库中规则条件部分的模糊贴进度进行土地利用分类。结果表明:与传统的最大似然法分类方法相比,基于模糊规则的分类方法在高模糊性数据分类中显著提高了分类精度,在低模糊性数据分类中也能取得与最大似然法近似的结果。     

基于组合逻辑的故障诊断方法

针对复杂系统故障传播和故障分析的模糊性和不确定性,首先,在逻辑Petri网和模糊Petri网的理论基础上,根据逻辑Petri网的传值不确定性以及模糊Petri网对模糊信息的表示和推理能力的特点,提出模糊逻辑Petri网的概念及推理规则,考虑不同故障源对故障的影响程度,将概率信息引入模糊逻辑Petri网,对故障源赋予置信度,使故障诊断过程更符合实际。其次,利用模糊逻辑Petri网对故障诊断系统进行建模,用模糊逻辑Petri网描述了系统故障状态组合的逻辑关系,并进一步简化了系统模型的表达形式,具有良好的封装性、重构性和可维护性,在一定程度上缓解了状态组合空间爆炸问题。针对故障的传播性,采用可达性分析方法对故障信息的传播路径进行模拟论证,提高了故障诊断效率。最后,通过离心式压缩机故障诊断过程实例分析,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性,提高了故障诊断过程的准确性和高效性。     

模糊Petri网在压缩机故障诊断中的应用

为克服Petri网在推理分析复杂、不确定的故障信息中的不足,引入置信度最大及深度搜索优先的诊断方法,将Petri网和模糊推理知识相结合,提出模糊Petri网故障诊断方法及其概念与规则表示,采用反向推理算法根据已发生的故障来定位故障源,给出推理算法的具体步骤。通过逻辑推理和离心式压缩机故障的实例分析,验证了该算法的有效性和可行性,提高了故障诊断的准确性和高效性。     

基于模糊Petri网的汽车故障诊断仿真研究

本文将Petri网和模糊推理相结合,建立故障诊断的模糊Petri网模型。其中,用FPN表示模糊产生规则,用Petri网的变迁激活规则进行故障诊断推理,从而分析出异常行为过程间的因果关系,推理出故障的原因及其可信度。以汽车故障诊断为例,建立了基于模糊Petri网的诊断模型。通过仿真分析,验证了模型的正确性和算法的有效性。     

基于改进置信规则库推理的分类方法

通过引入置信规则库的线性组合方式,设定规则数等于分类数及改进个体匹配度的计算方法,提出了基于置信规则库推理的分类方法。比较传统的置信规则库推理方法,新方法中规则数的设置不依赖于问题的前件属性数量或候选值数量,仅与问题的分类数有关,保证了方法对于复杂问题的适用性。实验中,通过差分进化算法对置信规则库的规则权重、前件属性权重、属性候选值和评价等级的置信度进行参数学习,得到最优的参数组合。对3个常用的公共分类数据集进行测试,均获得理想的分类准确率,表明新分类方法合理有效。     

机载光电系统目标威胁估计的模糊贝叶斯网络方法

针对机载光电传感器系统所能够提供的目标特征信息,提出利用模糊贝叶斯网络理论建立目标威胁估计模型来辅助决策者进行威胁判断.模型首先研究了机载光电传感器所能提供的目标特征及其对威胁程度的影响;然后选取合适的特征值并利用模糊理论方法对其进行模糊划分,从而建立了目标威胁估计的模糊贝叶斯网络模型,最后通过贝叶斯网络推理算法获得目...     

Control of dynamic systems using fuzzy logic and neural networks

The use of artificial neural network is proposed for high-speed processing of rules in fuzzy logic controller (FLC). the logic element of an FLC is replaced by a single hidden layer feedforward network. the input and output fuzzy subsets are expressed it of numerical patterns. the network is trained using the back-propagation algori to establish fuzzy associations between the input and output fuzzy subsets. the inference mechanism of the network is compared with that of compositional law of inference. In the proposed implementation of FLC, all the rules are processed in paralle. This implementation has potential for high-speed processing of rules if the network is realized in hardware. the use of neural networks in fuzzy logic self-organizing is also ivestigated. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Evidential reasoning using extended fuzzy Dempster–Shafer theory for handling various facets of information deficiency

This work investigates the problem of combining deficient evidence for the purpose of quality assessment. The main focus of the work is modeling vagueness, ambiguity, and local nonspecificity in information within a unified approach. We introduce an extended fuzzy Dempster–Shafer scheme based on the simultaneous use of fuzzy interval‐grade and interval‐valued belief degree (IGIB). The latter facilitates modeling of uncertainties in terms of local ignorance associated with expert knowledge, whereas the former allows for handling the lack of information on belief degree assignments. Also, generalized fuzzy sets can be readily transformed into the proposed fuzzy IGIB structure. The reasoning for quality assessment is performed by solving nonlinear optimization problems on fuzzy Dempster–Shafer paradigm for the fuzzy IGIB structure. The application of the proposed inference method is investigated by designing a reasoning scheme for water quality monitoring and validated through the experimental data available for different sampling points in a water distribution network. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Simplification of fuzzy-neural systems using similarity analysis

This paper presents a fuzzy neural network system (FNNS) for implementing fuzzy inference systems. In the FNNS, a fuzzy similarity measure for fuzzy rules is proposed to eliminate redundant fuzzy logical rules, so that the number of rules in the resulting fuzzy inference system will be reduced. Moreover, a fuzzy similarity measure for fuzzy sets that indicates the degree to which two fuzzy sets are equal is applied to combine similar input linguistic term nodes. Thus we obtain a method for reducing the complexity of a fuzzy neural network. We also design a new and efficient on-line initialization method for choosing the initial parameters of the FNNS. A computer simulation is presented to illustrate the performance and applicability of the proposed FNNS. The result indicates that the FNNS still has desirable performance under fewer fuzzy logical rules and adjustable parameters.     

一种基于区间规则的条件证据网络推理决策方法

针对证据网络推理方法无法对区间规则进行表示和推理的问题, 提出一种基于区间规则的条件证据网络推理决策方法. 该方法针对模糊规则的条件概率或信度为不确定区间的情况, 可同时表达不确定性和模糊性; 并将区间不确定规则转化为区间条件信度函数作为证据网络的结点参数, 通过条件推理和证据融合得到条件证据网络中各结点幂集空间中焦元的随机分布作为决策依据. 最后, 通过空中目标态势评估实例, 验证了所提出方法的有效性.

     

结合OWA算子和模糊DEMATEL的风险评估方法

针对传统故障模式与影响分析(FMEA)方法在实际应用中的不足,提出一种基于有序加权平均(OWA)算子和决策试行与评价实验法(DEMATEL)的风险排序方法。FMEA专家对故障模式的3个风险因子给出模糊评价信息,应用OWA算子对评估信息进行集结,得到各故障原因对故障模式的影响强度。采用模糊DEMATEL法构建FMEA系统要素间的初始直接影响矩阵,经过运算可得综合影响矩阵,并计算各故障原因的原因度,据此进行产品或系统的失效风险评估。运用该方法对地铁车门系统的基础部件进行安全性分析,并将所得结果与传统RPN方法的结果做对比,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于改进模糊熵和证据推理的多属性决策方法

针对证据推理方法框架下属性权重难以获取的问题,提出一种基于改进模糊熵和证据推理的多属性决策方法。首先,定义证据推理信度决策矩阵框架下的三角函数模糊熵公式,并证明了其满足熵的四个公理化定义。其次,所提方法能够同时处理属性权重完全未知和属性权重信息部分已知两种情况：当属性权重完全未知时,基于信度框架下的改进模糊熵和熵权法的基本思想计算属性权重;当属性权重信息部分已知时,定义加权模糊熵,建立期望模糊熵最小的线性规划模型求解最优属性权重。最后,利用证据推理算法融合方案属性值,结合期望效用理论得到方案排序结果。通过实例计算,并与传统模糊熵计算方法进行比较分析,验证了所提方法能够更加充分地反映原始决策信息,更具客观性和一般性。     

A new approach to fuzzy modeling of nonlinear dynamic systems with noise: relevance vector learning mechanism

This paper presents a new fuzzy inference system for modeling of nonlinear dynamic systems based on input and output data with measurement noise. The proposed fuzzy system has a number of fuzzy rules and parameter values of membership functions which are automatically generated using the extended relevance vector machine (RVM). The RVM has a probabilistic Bayesian learning framework and has good generalization capability. The RVM consists of the sum of product of weight and kernel function which projects input space into high dimensional feature space. The structure of proposed fuzzy system is same as that of the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model. However, in the proposed method, the number of fuzzy rules can be reduced under the process of optimizing a marginal likelihood by adjusting parameter values of kernel functions using the gradient ascent method. After a fuzzy system is determined, coefficients in consequent part are found by the least square method. Examples illustrate effectiveness of the proposed new fuzzy inference system.     

A fuzzy inference and categorization approach for supplier selection using compensatory and non-compensatory decision rules

Fuzzy set theory has been used as an approach to deal with uncertainty in the supplier selection decision process. However, most studies limit applications of fuzzy set theory to outranking potential suppliers, not including a qualification stage in the decision process, in which non-compensatory types of decision rules can be used to reduce the set of potential suppliers. This paper presents a supplier selection decision method based on fuzzy inference that integrates both types of approaches: a non-compensatory rule for sorting in qualification stages and a compensatory rule for ranking in the final selection. Fuzzy inference rules model human reasoning and are embedded in the system, which is an advantage when compared to approaches that combine fuzzy set theory with multicriteria decision making methods. Fuzzy inference combined with a fuzzy rule-based classification method is used to categorize suppliers in qualification stages. Classes of supplier performance can be represented by linguistic terms, which allow decision makers to deal with subjectivity and to express qualification requirements in linguistic formats. Implementation of the proposed method and techniques were analyzed and discussed using an illustrative case. Three defuzzification operators were used in the final selection, yielding the same ranking. Factorial design was applied to test consistency and sensitivity of the inference rules. The findings reinforce the argument that including stages of qualification based on fuzzy inference and categorization makes this method especially useful for selecting from a large set of potential suppliers and also for first time purchase.     

Fuzzy classifications using fuzzy inference networks

In this paper, fuzzy inference models for pattern classifications have been developed and fuzzy inference networks based on these models are proposed. Most of the existing fuzzy rule-based systems have difficulties in deriving inference rules and membership functions directly from training data. Rules and membership functions are obtained from experts. Some approaches use backpropagation (BP) type learning algorithms to learn the parameters of membership functions from training data. However, BP algorithms take a long time to converge and they require an advanced setting of the number of inference rules. The work to determine the number of inference rules demands lots of experiences from the designer. In this paper, self-organizing learning algorithms are proposed for the fuzzy inference networks. In the proposed learning algorithms, the number of inference rules and the membership functions in the inference rules will be automatically determined during the training procedure. The learning speed is fast. The proposed fuzzy inference network (FIN) classifiers possess both the structure and the learning ability of neural networks, and the fuzzy classification ability of fuzzy algorithms. Simulation results on fuzzy classification of two-dimensional data are presented and compared with those of the fuzzy ARTMAP. The proposed fuzzy inference networks perform better than the fuzzy ARTMAP and need less training samples.