高炉水淬渣制备(Ca/Y)-α-Sialon陶瓷材料及其显微组织

研究了以高炉水淬渣合成的Ca-α-Sialon粉体为原料制备Ca,Y复合掺杂α-Sialon陶瓷的无压烧结工艺及Y2O3加入量对显微组织及相组成的影响.结果表明,试样中Ca-α-Sialon呈等轴晶粒,(Ca/Y)-α-Sialon呈柱状晶粒.晶粒形状受控于Y3 的固溶量与烧结温度.随着Y2O3含量增加,柱状晶数量增加.随着烧结温度提高,α-Sialon柱状晶出现粗化和等轴化.     

气压烧结Re—α＼β—Sialon陶瓷材料

选用Ｓｉ３Ｎ４，ＡｌＮ，Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｓｎ２Ｏ３（或Ｎｄ２Ｏ３）粉末为原料，在１８００～１９５０℃的温度范围内，１．０～３．０ＭＰａ氮气压力下烧吉（ＧＰＳ），制备了性能优良的Ｒｅ－α／β－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ（Ｒｅ＝Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ）陶瓷材料，利用ＸＲＤ，ＥＤＳ，ＴＥＭ和ＥＲＥＭ手段研究了材料的相组成，显微结构特性与其性能的关系。结果表明，其主晶相为长柱状的β－Ｓｉｌａｏｎ和近似等轴的Ｒｅ－α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ，晶界     

氮气压力和稀释剂含量对燃烧合成Y—α／β—Sialon的影响

通过组成设计，以Ｓｉ、Ａｌ和Ｙ２Ｏ３为原料，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４为稀释剂，利用燃烧合成法制备了Ｙ－α／β－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ粉末。用ＸＲＤ、化学分析法分别研究了α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ、β－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ相组成和游离硅含量，讨论了氮气压力、稀释剂含量对生成物Ｙ－α／β－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ中的相含量及其显微结构的影响。     

炉渣复相α/β-Sialon材料的合成及性能

以高温自蔓延燃烧法合成的α-Sialon、炉渣、废弃耐火材料等为原料,在流动氮气气氛下,采用原位反应烧结制备复相α/β-Sialon材料。探讨了烧结温度对合成复相α/β-SiMon的相组成、微观结构、体积密度及耐压强度的影响,并对复相α/β-Sialon的耐磨性能进行了检验。结果表明：烧结温度在1450～1550％之间,可制备出复相α/β-Sialon材料。烧结温度越高,生成β-Sialon相越多,体积密度越大,耐压强度越高。所制备的试样具有良好的耐磨性。     

Mg-5Y-3Sm-0.8Ca-0.5Sb合金的组织和力学性能

采用组织分析和拉伸试验,研究了Mg-5Y-3Sm-0.8Ca-0.5Sb(%,质量分数)合金的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,铸态Mg-5Y-3Sm-0.8Ca-0.5Sb合金的显微组织由α-Mg基体和Mg24Y5、Mg41Sm5、Mg2Ca、Mg3Sb2相组成。时效态Mg-5Y-3Sm-0.8Ca-0.5Sb合金具有良好的室温及高温力学性能,在室温下的抗拉强度为266 MPa,200℃时为244 MPa,300℃时仍高达208 MPa,其抗拉强度稳定性优于发展最为成功的商用耐热镁合金WE43。     

Effect of starting composition and post-anneal on the structure and luminescence properties of Eu-doped Ca-α-SiAlON phosphors prepared by combustion synthesis

Eu-doped Ca-α-SiAlON yellow phosphors, with the compositions Ca0.72Eu0.08Si9.56Al2.44O0.84N15.16, were prepared by a highly efficient combustion synthesis method. By optimizing the starting compositions of reactants and choosing appropriate post-annealing conditions, phase-pure, uniform and fine Ca-α-sialon:Eu2+ phosphors possessing the particle size ranging ~3–5 μm, and good luminescence properties with an intense emission band that peaks at 592 nm under n-UV or blue light excitation were obtained. The results indicated that combustion synthesis method was an energy efficient, time saving and low cost way to prepare Ca-α-SiAlON phosphors by controlling the mass ratio of comburents. A combination with post-annealing treatment was desired for further increase of the properties of Ca-α-SiAlON phosphors.     

纳米粒子α—FeOOH／hα—Fe2O3样品的制备与表征

利用均相沉淀法、氨水滴定法以及添加表面活性剂的氨水滴定法制备出纳米α－ＦｅＯＯＨ／α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３粒子样品，采用ＴＥＭ，ＸＲＤ，ＦＴＩＲ等分析测试手段进行了表面形貌、结构、晶型和组成等的表征；同时，以纳米α－ＦｅＯＯＨ／α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３粒子为活性组份制备催化剂，利用微反－色谱联用活性评价技术，在常压、空速１００００ｈ＾－１和２５～６０℃温度范围内考察了纳米铁基催化剂对ＣＯＳ催化水解的活性。结果表明：以     

原位合成(O'+β)-Sialon/莫来石复合材料

以粉煤灰和炭黑为原料,采用碳热还原氮化法原位合成了(O'+β)-Sialon/莫来石复合材料.通过XRD和SEM研究了配炭量对合成材料相组成和显微结构的影响,并分析了材料的生成过程.研究结果表明,增加配炭量有利于O'-Sialon和β-Sialon的生成;将粉煤灰与炭黑质量比为100/42和100/56的试样加热至1350℃并保温6 h可以合成(O'+β)-Sialon/莫来石复合材料,且合成材料中O'-Sialon和β-Sialon多以粒状形式存在,平均粒径约为1 μm;(O'+β)-Sialon/莫来石复合材料的生成过程包括O'-Sialon和β-Sialon的生成及O'-Sialon向β-Sialon的转化过程.     

水热法制备不同形貌的α—Fe2O3细粉

以铁盐为原料，改变溶液组成勤中入晶体生长调节剂，在１００－２００℃水热条件下，制备出五种不同形貌的α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３细微粒子，通过密闭静态和动态两种水解过程，考察了不同原料、反应物浓度和搅拌对α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３粒子形貌和大小的影响。     

高炉陶瓷杯用β-Sialon结合刚玉砖的研制

采用Si粉、AL粉、α-Al<,2粉、棕刚玉颗粒料和细粉、广西粘土等于1450℃保温3h,通氮气下氮化反应合成了β-Sialon,制备了β-Sialon结合刚玉砖.研究结果表明:目标Z值取2.75～3.00范围内可制备合成率较高的β-Sialon;氮化烧结温度在1500～600℃,采用密封烧结时,广西粘土适合加入量在2%左右;当采用埋碳烧成时,广西粘土适合加入量在1%～1.5%,可以制成性能优良的高炉陶瓷杯砖.     

Synthesis and luminescent properties of low oxygen contained Eu2+-doped Ca-α-SiAlON phosphor from calcium cyanamide reduction

A new convenient calcium cyanamide (CaCN2) reduction route was developed to synthesize the Eu2 activated Ca-α-SiAlON phosphors containing low oxygen content. The luminescence properties of the obtained products were investigated for white LEDs application. The critical Eu2 concentration in various hosts and its effect on the photoluminescence properties were studied. The optimized sample (10at.% Eu2 vs. Ca2 ) could be efficiently excited by the current GaN/InGaN blue LED chips and provided emission intensity competitive with that of YAG:Ce3 (P46-Y3) standard, revealing that this phosphor was a potential candidate for phosphor-converted white LEDs.     

Effect of Yb2O3 Additive on Transformation Behavior of Anatase for TiO2/( O'' + β'' )-Sialon Multi phase Ceramics

TiO2/(O' β')-Sialon multiphase ceramics were prepared with nano Ti O2 (anatase) powder and (O' β')-Sialon powder as raw materials. Effect of Yb2O3 additive on transformation behavior of anatase for TiO2/(O' β')-Sialon multi phase ceramic was investigated and its influence mechanism was discussed. XRD was employed for the analysis of phase composition and lattice parameters. The results show that even though Yb2O3 has no obvious influence on starting temperature of phase transformation, it significantly accelerates the transformation process, which displays a weakened effect with more Yb2O3 addition. There exist two forms of the added Yb2O3: some enters TiO2 lattice and the other deposits on the surface of TiO2. The function of Yb2O3 on phase transformation of anatase can be attributed to the coaction of active and negative influence mechanisms as follows: some Ybn enter TiO2 lattice and replace Ti4 , as well as the redox reaction between Yb3 and TiO2, which promote the transformation, whereas other Yb2O3 deposits on the surface of TiO2, and TiO-Yb bond is formed by the coaction of Yb3 and TiO2, which inhibit the process.     

Maintenance by cortisone of the calcemic response to parathyroid extract of rats on a diet without vitamin D and low in calcium

Weanling rats raised for 21 days on a vitamin D deprived, low Ca diet (0.02%), and given chronic cortisone administration (5 mg/kg/d), maintain responsiveness to the hypercalcemic effect of endogenous and exogenous parathyroid extract (PTE). The PTE action is a bone effect that does not require the presence of the kidneys, and is not related to a higher concentration of calcium or cortisone. Maintained sensitivity of D- Ca- Cort+ rats to PTE does not appear to be the consequence of a lesser degree of D-deficiency: the whole body vitamin D pool and its chloroform-soluble fraction in these animals are not different from those of their D- Ca- PTE- unresponsive controls. Repeated PTE injections for 4 days exhaust the sensitivity to the hypercalcemic action of PTE of D- Ca- Cort+ rats. The present data seem to indicate that cortisone-treated D- Ca- rats, responsive to the bone action of PTE, are characterized by a near normal bone calcium content and Ca/P ratio, and a significant increase in the number of osteoclasts.     

粉煤灰合成陶瓷材料的研究进展

综述了以粉煤灰为原料合成β -Sialon、Sialon-莫来石、莫来石及莫来石-氧化锫陶瓷材料的研究现状,并分析了Sialon的合成机理.     

Effects of Ca and Ce Addition on Tensile and Fracture Properties in Squeeze Cast AT42(Mg-4Al-2Sn) Magnesium Alloys

The effects of the addition of Ca and Ce to the AT42(Mg-4Al-2Sn) alloy on the microstructural modification and deformation, as well as the fracture mechanisms of squeeze cast magnesium alloys, were investigated in this study. Microstructural analyses indicated that the AT42 alloy contained Mg₁₇Al₁₂ and Mg₂Sn particles precipitated along cell boundaries, whereas long, needle-shaped CaMgSn particles were precipitated additionally in the AT42-0.5Ca and AT42-1Ca alloys. In the AT42-1Ca-0.5Ce and AT42-1Ca-1Ce alloys containing Al₁₁Ce₃ particles as well as Mg₁₇Al₁₂, Mg₂Sn, and CaMgSn particles, the overall distribution of precipitates was homogeneously modified considerably as the solidification cell size was refined. According to the observation of deformation and the fracture processes of the AT42-1Ca alloys, the fracture proceeded mainly along cracked, needle-shaped CaMgSn particles at a relatively low stress-intensity factor level. However, in the AT42-1Ca-1Ce alloys, the deformation and fracture proceeded into cells rather than into cell boundaries as twins were developed actively inside cells, although few microcracks were initiated at the precipitates.?Thus, the AT42-1Ca-1Ce alloy had the highest strength, ductility, and fracture toughness simultaneously because of the increase in the volume fraction of hard precipitates and the development of many twins in the Mg matrix.     

硅钙钡铝复合合金的生产实践

介绍了碳热法冶炼Si-Ca-Ba-Al合金的生产实践,指出Si-Ca-Ba-Al作为高效的脱硫脱氧剂,应用前景广阔。     

Calcium-deprived rats avoid sweet compounds

To characterize the link between calcium status and sweet solution intake, rats fed a diet containing 25 mmol Ca2+/kg (Ca-25, low calcium) or 150 mmol Ca2+/kg (Ca-150, control) were given 48-h two-bottle tests with a choice between water and various concentrations of a nutrient (sucrose, Polycose, ethanol and/or corn oil). Rats fed the Ca-25 diet had significantly lower sucrose intakes and preferences over the entire range tested (10-320 g/L) even though the same (Experiment 1), or identically treated (Experiment 2a) rats had normal Polycose and ethanol intakes and normal (Experiment 1, 2b) or significantly greater (Experiment 2a) corn oil intakes. In additional tests, rats fed the Ca-25 diet had significantly lower intakes relative to rats fed the Ca-150 diet of other sweeteners (30 mmol/L D-phenylalanine, 1 mmol/L saccharin and 0.3 mmol/L aspartame), significantly higher intakes of 0.5 mg/L capsaicin and 300 mmol/L monosodium glutamate, and normal intakes of 10 g/L or 80 g/L safflower oil and 10 g/L peanut oil. In a three-cup macronutrient selection experiment (Experiment 3), calcium-deprived rats ate significantly less of a high sucrose carbohydrate source and significantly more of a protein source than did controls. These results suggest that calcium deficiency reduces the rat's liking for sweetness, irrespective of the type or form of sweetener, and that this is not due to a general reduction in energy intake.     

Effect of plastic deformation on the mechanical properties and the fine-structure parameters of Pb-Ca-Sn alloys

The specific features of structure formation in Pb-Ca-Sn alloys intended for battery current leads are considered. The effect of plastic deformation on the mechanical properties and the fine-structure parameters in Pb-0.1% Ca-0.3% Sn and Pb-0.05% Ca-1.1% Sn alloys is studied. The influence of the initial structure on the mechanical properties and the fine-structure parameters of the alloys is shown, and the variation of the alloy properties under plastic deformation is demonstrated.