两种插值信道估计方法的比较

在瑞利衰落信道中,使用时分复用的导频信号辅助的信道估计方案时,提出了在使用极大似然方法估计出导频符号的信道参数之后,再利用一个时隙上所有导频符号的Chebyshev多项式的数学插值估计数据符号信道参数的方法。同时比较了分段线性插值加递归的信道估计方法。仿真结果表明,使用Chebyshev多项式的数学插值估计信道参数的方法比使用线性插值加线性递归的信道估计方法能更好的改善系统的性能。     

基于导频和多项式模型的信道估计

本文提出一种基于导频辅助、多项式近似和信号重建的信道估计通用方法,适用于高速移动环境.假定无线信道响应具有多项式特性,用两个或多个时隙的导频符号,估计出该时间段内任意符号时刻上的信道响应值.用仿真方法研究了WCDMA上行链路性能与移动台速度的关系、最佳多项式阶数和最佳时隙数,并与WMSA方法进行了比较.     

WCDMA系统中结合导频与信息码的信道估计方法

研究了快衰落环境中第三代移动通信空中接口WCDMA(FDD),基于时分复用的导频信号辅助衰落信道下的信道估计。提出了同时根据导频信号及数据信号估计信道参数的信道估计方法,该方法将信道估计分为根据导频信号和数据信号两部分进行并由其加权合并完成。计算了最小均方误差下的合并系数。仿真结果表明该方法能快速跟踪信道的衰落,有效地估计出各时隙中数据段的信道参数。利用该算法,尤其在高速运动情况下,接收机的性能可得到显著的改善。     

地空衰落信道下JTIDS信号信噪比盲估计

针对地空衰落信道下联合战术信息分发系统（JTIDS）信号信噪比的估计问题,提出了一种适用于单脉冲和双脉冲时隙结构JTIDS信号的接收信噪比盲估计方法。首先,利用信道实时最大时延粗估计值确定无符号间干扰的数据区间;其次,基于JTIDS信号脉冲时隙结构中静默时间的保护间隔特性估计噪声功率;最后,根据选定区间数据的自相关函数估计接收信号的信号功率,从而估计出接收链路的信噪比。仿真实验结果表明,取单时隙样本长度时,在巡航、起降两种空中平台状态下,提出估计方法在较宽信噪比范围内具有良好的均方误差估计性能,可满足JTIDS系统的信噪比估计需求。     

限幅OFDM的一种信道估计优化方法

在OFDM 系统中,限幅常用于抑制信号的峰平比,而限幅会引入额外的限幅噪声,以致干扰数据和导引符号,恶化传输性能.本文针对限幅OFDM系统,提出一种基于导引符号的限幅噪声消除算法.该算法在插入导引符号之前,滤除位于导引位置的限幅噪声,从而改善信道估计性能.在此基础上,本文还提出了利用迭代算法以进一步提高信道估计精确度.本文对所提出的限幅噪声消除算法及迭代算法进行了仿真验证,结果表明,新算法能够明显改善信道估计,优化传输性能.     

WCDMA系统中空时2D-RAKE接收机性能分析

分析了在WCDMA系统的基站中采用含智能天线的空时2D-RAKE接收机的结构和性能.在建立了WCDMA信道、信号模型的基础上,给出了输出误码率的表达式.提出了一种新的利用两个连续时隙的导频符号估计出的信道参数进行加权最小二乘意义下二次曲线内插的信道参数估计方法(WLS).仿真结果表明:WLS算法能很好地跟踪多径衰落信道的变化,提出的空时2D RAKE接收机的误码性能大大改善,而且在移动台移动速度较高时仍能正常工作.     

相干OFDM系统中导引符号功率优化

在瑞利衰落信道下，本文研究了导引符号功率对相干OFDM系统性能的影响，计算了由于不精确信道估计引起的系统性能损失，优化分析了导引符号与数据符号功率比，并给出完整的最优功率分配数学表达式。理论分析和仿真结果给出了各种参数对最优功率比的影响，同时理论结果为系统设计提供了依据。     

OFDM系统中PSAM M-QAM的导引符号功率的优化

该文分析了多径衰落信道下OFDM系统中导引符号辅助相干解调(PASM)M-QAM的导引符号功率对解调性能的影响,优化了导引符号与数据符号功率比,计算了不精确信道估计造成性能的损失。分析和仿真结果表明,最优导引符号功率与数据符号的功率之比由信噪比、多普勒频率和内插滤波器系数等因素决定。当采用最优的比值时,为达到相同的误比特率,所需的发射总功率最低。     

WCDMA系统中基于多普勒频移估计的信道估计方法

Rake接收机是CDMA系统抗多径的有效手段，信道估计对其性能有很大的影响。传统方法是利用连续多个时隙的导频段估计出的信道参数，再对估计值进行平均。这种固定平均的方法不适合3G系统信道变化范围大的环境。本文提出了直接利用每个导频段的信道参数的包络来估计最大多普勒频移，再运用指数平滑法来调整各被估计时隙的权值的信道估计方法。仿真结果表明，该方法能准确有效地估计出信道参数，改善系统性能。     

一种基于预编码的AF多中继协作通信系统信道估计方法

针对瑞利平坦衰落信道下AF多中继协作通信系统,提出了一种基于预编码的分段式信道估计方法.该方法分两个阶段对S-R和R-D两个链路的信道状态信息进行估计,利用在中继端进行预编码,使中继节点可同时向目的节点发送训练序列.仿真结果表明,提出的方法可有效地估计出两段链路的信道状态信息,减小了训练时隙的开支,缩短了信道估计时间.     

一种半速率蜂窝移动通信信道指配策略

本文提出了一种新的蜂窝移动通信系统信道指配策略——基于紧凑模式的半速率信道借用指配策略(SRCPCB).这种策略将半速率信道的思想引入到新近提出的CPCB策略中,以短时间降低部分呼叫的话音质量为代价,来降低系统的呼叫阻塞.通过各种业务模型的仿真,获得了系统的初始呼叫阻塞率、强制中断率和话音质量下降率等性能指标.结果表明:SRCPCB的系统综合性能优于FCA、DCA、BCO、BDCL、CPDCA和CPCB等策略.这对于缓解系统频谱资源紧缺、改善系统性能等具有十分重要的意义.     

Channel estimation techniques based on pilot arrangement in OFDM systems

Channel estimation techniques for OFDM systems based on a pilot arrangement are investigated. Channel estimation based on a comb type pilot arrangement is studied through different algorithms for both estimating the channel at pilot frequencies and interpolating the channel. Channel estimation at pilot frequencies is based on LS and LMS methods while channel interpolation is done using linear interpolation, second order interpolation, low-pass interpolation, spline cubic interpolation, and time domain interpolation. Time-domain interpolation is obtained by passing to the time domain by means of IDFT (inverse discrete Fourier transform), zero padding and going back to the frequency domain by DFT (discrete Fourier transform). In addition, channel estimation based on a block type pilot arrangement is performed by sending pilots in every sub-channel and using this estimation for a specific number of following symbols. We have also implemented a decision feedback equalizer for all sub-channels followed by periodic block-type pilots. We have compared the performances of all schemes by measuring bit error rates with 16QAM, QPSK, DQPSK and BPSK as modulation schemes, and multipath Rayleigh fading and AR based fading channels as channel models.     

MC-CDMA系统基于子空间跟踪的导频辅助信道估计

基于导频辅助的MC-CDMA系统信道估计方法通过在确定的时频位置发送已知的导频符号来获取信道参数,通常包括导频位置的最小二乘估计和内插滤波两步。为了提高导频位置信道频域特性的估计精度,使得后续内插滤波的精度相应得到提高,本文利用基于Givens旋转的子空间跟踪方法构成了对信道的时变参数的估计和跟踪,得到了较为准确导频信道估计。仿真表明,我们给出的基于子空间跟踪的信道估计方法具有更好的稳定性和更高的估计精度。     

基于导频的三维信道估计

对于空间相关的MIMO-OFDM系统,采用基于导频的信道估计(PACE)。导频符号仅插在所选择的发射天线中发射,并且剩余天线的信道响应通过插值得到。通过采用空间插值的方法,使信道估计扩展到第三维,即3D PACE,它在时域、频域和空域三个维度进行。如果在合适的网格结构下,3D PACE可以在不牺牲信道估计精度的前提下大大减少所需的导频开销。     

Performance comparisons of channel estimation techniques in multipath fading CDMA

The problem of pilot-symbol-aided estimation of multipath fading channels in up-link code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems is considered. The transmitted symbol streams of each user are divided into time-slots; and each time-slot contains a number of pilot-symbols followed by information data symbols. Channel estimation is based on interpolation of the channel values corresponding to the pilot symbols in adjacent time-slots. Existing channel estimation techniques, including the weighted multislot average method and the wavelet expansion method, are studied. Two new channel estimation methods, namely, the robust channel interpolator, and the polynomial channel interpolator, are developed and are compared with these techniques. It is seen that the two new channel estimation methods significantly outperform the existing methods in multipath fading CDMA systems, for a wide range of Doppler values, and under various receiver schemes (with single or multiple receive antennas), such as the RAKE receiver, the interference cancellation receiver, and a receiver which performs iterative channel estimation and interference cancellation.     

Decoding of convolutional codes on a sliding window during signal propagation in a multipath communications channel

Anoptimal recursive algorithm for joint interpolation of the Markov sequence of information symbols on a sliding window and for the interpolation with a fixed delay of the coder state has been synthesized under conditions of signal propagation in a multipath communications channel with known parameters. This algorithm makes it possible to perform the decoding of convolutional codes using the criterion of maximum of a posteriori probability. The analysis of the resultant algorithm was performed by using the computer statistical simulation.     

Time-Varying and Frequency-Selective Channel Estimation with Unequally Spaced Pilot Symbols

In this paper, an accurate and computationally efficient algorithm is proposed for estimating time-varying and frequency-selective fading channel with unequally spaced pilot symbols. By employing the time-varying coefficient polynomial interpolation method, it is proved that the time-varying channel impulse response can be estimated by the product of a constant matrix and the fading information at pilot symbol positions. Furthermore, a least square off-line training algorithm is presented to optimally calculate the constant matrix, taking into consideration of the statistics of channel fading and noise. The new algorithm can also be applied for estimating flat fading channel with equally spaced pilot symbols as a special case. Simulation results indicate that our new channel estimation algorithm leads to small mean square error for fading estimation and provides bit error rate performance close to that of the perfect channel estimation.     

MB-OFDM系统中采用梳状导频的信道估计

针对采用梳状导频的多频带正交频分复用(MB-OFDM)系统,提出一种新的基于频域插值定理的信道估计算法,即FD-INTERP.与传统的插值信道估计算法不同.FD-INTERP算法首先计算出导频点处的信道值,再根据DFT频域插值定理计算出时域信道.算法仅需较少的导频符号,提高了频带利用率,并且避免了插值计算,提高估计精度的同时降低了运算量.仿真结果表明该算法具有良好的可靠性和稳定性.     

LTE上行多用户SC-FDMA系统中时变信道估计方法

针对高速移动时分双工长期演进(TDD-LTE,time division duplex-long term evolution)上行单载波频分多址(SC-FDMA,single carrier-frequency division multiple access)系统,提出了一种新型的变换域时变信道估计方法.在所定义的变换域中,基于两块导频符号的信道参数估计,提出利用基于判决导向的非线性内插方法来估计数据符号的信道参数.为了便于SC-FDMA系统均衡,推导给出了变换域信道与频域信道的转换表达式,利用该式可以直接将变换域信道参数估计转化为频域信道响应.计算机仿真结果表明,新方法的性能远远优于传统方法的估计性能,且具有低的计算复杂度.