平板显示技术的发展

介绍了平板显示发展动态,重点介绍液晶显示发展动态。TFT－LCD发展速度符合西村－北原规则,其规则指出TFT－LCD增长速度为3年增长4倍,其数值是玻璃基板尺寸增长速度为1.8倍／3年,屏幕尺寸增长速度为1.44倍／3年,分辨率增长速度为2.5倍／3年及灰度增长速度为1.7倍／3年等相乘而得的。该结果表明TFT－LCD增长速度相当于遵守摩尔规则的微电子发展速度。     

中小型TFT—LCD市场

中小型TFT—LCD为25．4cm（10in）以下TFT—LCD屏。主要应用于手机、数码照相机、车载显示等。2005年中小型TFT—LCD产量比2004年增加56．3%，但价格降低一半。其市场预测如下：     

TFT制造工艺的简化

随着TFT—LCD电视市场的需求，TFT—LCD基板尺寸不断扩大，使TFT制造工序简化已是迫在眉睫。一般TFT制造工序有5～8道光刻工艺，韩国LG菲利蒲公司于2000年开发了4道光刻TFT制造工序，并于2004年7月起该公司80％TFT生产线采用4道光刻技术。目前该公司正在开发3道光刻技术，而且三星公司也采用了4道光刻技术。4道光刻技术不仅简化了TFT制造工艺，降低制造成本，而且将成为TFT制造主导技术。     

显示技术新进展

叙述丁CRT、LCD、PDP、FED及OEL技术发展和趋势,在显示领域里TFT LCD的技术进步是最快的,例如;在6—7年时间里．分辨率由CGA(320X240)发展到UXGA(1 600Xl 200);像素密度超过200dpi;用光学补偿膜或IPS、MVA、SAM等技术得到宽视角,克服了LCD显示视角窄的缺点;用低温多晶硅技术,把周边驱动电路集成到TFT LCD屏上等。最后描述了我国显示技术发展现状与前景。     

平板电脑的成长将改变TFT—LCD面板生产策略

2011年大尺寸TFT—LCD面板价格下降,面板商将下半年产量减少到最低,但2012年新产品准备和供应链库存逐步降低又鼓励了面板商,使其抱持乐观生产策略。根据NPD DisplaySearch大尺寸面板生产策略报告指出,2011年第二季度全球TFT—LCD玻璃的投产量达到峰值,为4千210万平方米,但第三季度降低到3千650万平方米,第四季度将有望达到3千780万平方米。     

尼康Coolpix 4300数码相机拆解分析

尼康Coolpix 4300数码相机的特点：400万像素CCD、具有3倍光学变焦（4倍数字变焦）、内置Flash、带有1．5英寸TFT LCD，使用锂离子充电电池供电。     

LCD手机主屏薄型化

随着3G手机技术的推广，在LCD手机主屏薄型化方面各公司做了大量工作。LG菲利蒲在原来TFT—LCD手机主屏厚度为1．9～2．9mm的基础上开发了1．3mm厚度的新屏，在背光LED、偏光膜、玻璃基板等方面开发超薄化新技术，进而实现了超薄型LCD手机主屏，屏亮度达到400烛光，并在屏体结构不用不锈钢强化板的情况下保证了原来的机械强度。三洋爱普荪影像器件公司开发了5．6cm（2．2in）1．1mm厚的LTPSTFT—LCD手机主屏，在屏中内藏了RAM，降低了功耗。三星电子开发了5．3～5．6cm（2．1～2．2in）0．82mm厚的TFT—LCD屏，其厚度仅相当于信用卡厚度。     

台湾彩色TFT—LCD概况

在10月份台北国际电子展览会上,一些台湾公司展出了各种彩色TFT—LCD产品,从中可看出台湾的LCD生产现状和发展动向:Unipac Optoelectronics公司展出9.5英寸彩色TFT平板显示器样品,并将于1997年开始大量生产10英寸级TFT—LCD.自1993年以来,该公司一直在批量供应4英寸TFT显示屏,今年年初开始供应5.6英寸LCD.每月的供货量超过30,000块.工业技术研究所展出了一种10.4英寸彩色TFT LCD样品,其分辨率为640×480像素,可显示512种颜色.     

大尺寸玻璃基板传送技术

随着液晶电视屏幕的尺寸不断扩大，TFT—LCD生产线玻璃基板尺寸已超过2m。为防止传送过程中玻璃基板的损伤和静电的产生，提出用空气气流悬浮玻璃基板。在传送带上有1000个细小孔，喷出空气使玻璃基板悬浮起来，既减少玻璃基板与传送带之间的摩擦力，又使搬送速度提高到2000mm／s。结果不仅很少出现玻璃破碎，而且设备占地面积仅为原来的1／3。     

无过滤LCD技术确立新的尺寸基准

LCD面板制造商Samsung Electronics生产的32英寸TFT LCD原型确立了尺寸／性能／价格的新基准。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.