Make-or-buy decisions in R&D: small technology based firms inthe United States and Japan

This paper examines key factors which affect make-or-buy decisions in research and development (R&D) settings-whether technology is developed in house or acquired from external sources (e.g., through licensing or R&D contracts). The paper constructs several hypotheses from the literature survey and discussions and tests these hypotheses by using data from small technology based firms in the United States and Japan. Our analyses show external technology acquisitions are more likely to be practiced when the number of rivals expected to develop a similar product is greater, and the needed technology is less related to a firm's core technology. Our analyses also imply two qualitatively different goals in external technology acquisitions: to shorten development time, and thereby reap short-term profits (short-term strategy), and to maximize long-term profits over the life of the innovation (long-term strategy). Our analyses suggest the dominance of the former strategy     

US science and technology museums-I

Hands-on science centers and historical technology museums across the United States were visited by over 50 Spectrum readers' families. Here, engineering parents present what they thought about the exhibits' accuracy and up-to-dateness, together with what their kids thought about the displays' interest and fun     

Indoor geolocation science and technology

This article presents an overview of the technical aspects of the existing technologies for wireless indoor location systems. The two major challenges for accurate location finding in indoor areas are the complexity of radio propagation and the ad hoc nature of the deployed infrastructure in these areas. Because of these difficulties a variety of signaling techniques, overall system architectures, and location finding algorithms are emerging for this application. This article provides a fundamental understanding of the issues related to indoor geolocation science that are needed for design and performance evaluation of emerging indoor geolocation systems     

US science and technology museums-II

This project revealed a great deal not only about US technical museums, but also-unexpectedly-a few things about people who become engineers. Nineteen museums were visited. The thoughts of parents and children relating to the museums are summarised     

现代科技发展中的防微振技术

现代科学技术的发展给防微振技术提出了更高的要求，它已成为一项前沿学科。本文在对防微振技术重要性分析的基础上，对精密设备、仪器微振动控制值确定原理及方法进行深入分析，在此基础上，提出了防微振的主要措施，并给出了工程应用实例，最后展望了防微振技术发展的方向。     

关于新材料科技发展的思考

材料是在社会改革与进步中具有重要的作用,不仅使其物质基础,还是社会进一步发展的先导.在现代化科学技术的发展中,新材料技术得到较好的发展.并且,传统产业技术的发展与完善,也需要新材料技术的支持.我国对新材料的研究比较重视,在科技发展的规划中均得到体现.新材料的科技发展能够为我国的国民经济与社会的发展提供较好的依据,因此需要对新材料科技发展进行详细的分析,以便促进其发展.本文就新材料科技发展的重要性进行阐述,并对其发展趋势进行分析,从而探讨新材料科技发展的措施,有效的促进新材料科技发展水平的提高,为了我国经济与社会的发展提供贡献.     

我国云科技专项规划适时出台带来重塑产业格局的重大机遇

科技部近期发布了《中国云科技发展"十二五"专项规划》,阐明了云科技的历史发展机遇和我国发展云科技已具备的条件;认为我国应在明确的目标下,在总体战略部署、关键技术开发和成套设备的研制上有所突破。届时,云计算将会在多方面获得进展。     

International science and technology museums. I

Volunteer electrical engineers outside the United States and their children find museums in their countries fun, serious, and varied in the ways they try to educate budding engineers. This paper presents reviews of 20 museums in eight nations. General observations are given on the exhibits, admission fees, hands-on demonstrations, and how conducive the museums were to learning     

计算机科学与技术的现代化运用

计算机的出现使得人类的生产效率取得了巨大的提升,社会不断发展进步,而计算机科学与技术的应用也给人类的生活带来了翻天覆地的变化.想要抓住工业革命所带来的无限发展机遇,就要深入探讨计算机科学与技术的发展和应用.文章从计算机和计算机科学与技术的概念出发,探讨了计算机的发展历程、发展方向和计算机科学与技术的发展方向与应用领域,...     

International science and technology museums. II

This instalment of reports by engineers and their families continues IEEE Spectrum's survey of 88 science and technology museums around the world. In This instalment prints reviews of the museums from Italy through Switzerland. The overall impressions are that they are entertaining and educational and of various styles     

Privately financed infrastructure: opportunities and obstacles inthe UK

Privately financed projects have been with us since Victorian times, when investors rushed to put their money into railways and made (or lost) fortunes. More recently, projects such as the Channel Tunnel, the Queen Elizabeth II Bridge at Dartford and the Second Severn Crossing have gone forward with private finance. Here the author looks at the prospects for involving private sector companies in paying for public projects     

工程教育认证毕业要求达成度的评价方法研究——以电子科学与技术专业为例

毕业要求达成度评价是工程教育专业认证环节中的关键与核心内容,在总结毕业要求达成度评价内容和过程基础上,对南京邮电大学电子科学与技术专业的毕业要求达成度评价方法及效果进行了分析,对毕业要求及指标点分解等作了详细阐述,并举例说明。文章所进行的研究不仅对电子科学与技术专业人才培养具有一定的指导意义,而且可以为参加电子信息类专业认证的院校提供应用和理论参考。     

微电子科学技术和集成电路产业

集成电路产业不仅是我国经济发展的基础性产业之一,也是一项具有战略性意义的产业,是一个国家综合国力与科技实力的代表.因此,大力创新微电子科学技术,发展集成电路产业就成为了我国目前最为重要任务之一.本文从我国微电子科学技术与集成电路产业的现状开始,对二者进行了系统的分析,并对发展的建议与方法展开了讨论.     

电子科学与技术专业课程体系优化的研究

在掌握国内电子企业对人才需求及了解其他院校电子科学与技术专业课程设置的情况下，对电子科学与技术专业课程体系进行优化，加强数学、物理、电子技术等基础课，将微电子和光电子材料与器件、芯片设计、制造、封装、测试等课程列为专业基础，体现厚基础、增后劲、适应社会需求强的特点，为国内电子企业培养所需人才。     

Hidden gems [science and technology museums]

This paper announces the publication of the results of the survey conducted by IEEE Spectrum on several science and technology museums around the globe. Because of the Internet, IEEE members worldwide have been able to review 26 museums so far. The full text of their comments can be viewed at http://www.spectrum.ieee.org.     

基于Struts框架的科技管理系统的设计与实现

在总结传统B/S架构的科技管理系统存在的许多弊端的基础上,探讨Struts框架的体系结构及实现MVC设计模式的机制,详细分析科技管理系统的主要功能,并利用Struts框架和Java语言对该系统进行设计和开发,为使用Struts框架开发Web应用系统积累实际经验.系统试运行取得非常好的效果,达到预期设计目标.     

计算机科学技术学习网站研究--SQL数据库技术与ASP技术相结合

建立计算机科学技术学习网站,能够对各种学习资源进行整合和优化,通过动态化管理模式可以确保对各类学习资源的管理更加科学。本文以SQL数据库技术以及ASP技术为基础,针对计算机科学技术学习网站的需求,综合开发了一个计算机学习网站,并对网站的主要功能进行了论述。     

科技指标体系研究与系统实现

本文针对上海市科技统计工作的特点与需要,在参考现有的科技统计指标信息系统的基础上,提出了一套适合上海的科技指标体系,在此基础上进行了设计与实现,实际应用表明提升了科技统计信息的利用率,提高了科研人员统计的工作效率。