一种基于二维码的压缩域数字视频水印方法

视频数字水印是一种数字水印技术,是多媒体数字版权管理十分常用的一种技术手段.结合视频压缩编码标准,提出一种基于二维码的压缩域视频水印方法,利用编码后视频的文件特征,在视频的关键帧(I帧)中嵌入二维码图像,实现了REC.709色彩标准的高清晰度视频文件的数字水印版权保护.     

MPEG-2压缩域的视频数字水印新算法

视频数字水印技术是当前水印研究中的一个热点.本文提出一种视频数字水印新算法,直接对压缩后的视频数据流进行操作,根据运动矢量的特征值,将水印信息嵌入到运动矢量上,不需要完全解码和再编码过程.所提出的水印算法简单、有效,实现了水印盲检.与嵌入水印前的原视频图像相比,嵌入水印后的视频图像信噪比损失很小.     

一种基于小波分析的自适应图像水印算法

提出一种在小波变换域自适应嵌入数字水印的算法。由人眼视觉系统特性，在第三级小波系数子图中嵌入水印信号。水印强度与图像的显著性成正比，使水印对原图像具有自适应性。对水印图像进行各种退化处理的实验表明，提出的数字水印算法具有很好的鲁棒性。     

大容量多通道数字水印算法

现有许多数字水印算法基本上都是针对灰度图像的，彩色图像数字水印算法尚未得到充分研究，且所能嵌入水印的容量也不够大。本文提出的大容量多通道数字水印算法对这一问题进行了研究。该算法以彩色图像作为原始载体，通过数字水印压缩编码，载体图像颜色空间转换，彩色分量分块离散余弦变换，结合人眼视觉系统确定水印嵌入位置等措施，将二维水印图像嵌入到原始彩色载体图像中，且能嵌入较大容量的水印图像。实验结果表明，该算法不仅提高了水印容量，且对剪切、模糊、锐化等有损攻击具有良好的健壮性。     

一种基于小波分析的自适应图像水印算法

提出一种在小波变换域自适应嵌入数字水印的算法。由人眼视觉系统特性,在第三级小波系数子图中 嵌入水印信号。水印强度与图像的显著性成正比,使水印对原图像具有自适应性。对水印图像进行各种退化处理的 实验表明,提出的数字水印算法具有很好的鲁棒性。     

一种自适应数字水印算法的研究

提出了一种能在一幅图像中同时嵌入鲁棒性水印和易损性水印的复合型数字水印算法，并对两种水印的嵌入策略、嵌入过程、提取策略、提取过程进行实现和实验验证。验证结果表明：提出的复合型水印的嵌入算法以牺牲较少的水印鲁棒性为代价，实现了对原始图像的双重保护功能。     

基于差值分析的视频隐写分析

隐写分析主要是针对图像、视频、声音等多媒体数据,在对隐写算法和隐藏信息一无所知的情况下,仅仅通过分析多媒体数据,检测其是否含有隐藏信息。提出一种对视频基帧信息进行差值分析的方法,来检测视频中是否携带隐藏信息,并利用MPEG视频文件的编解码源代码库ffmpeg,对实际视频进行了大量的分析实验,实验结果表明,对于不同的视频对象和水印嵌入率,该算法都可有效检测到隐藏信息。     

基于分块的DWT-SVD的盲数字水印算法

文章提出了一种基于分块思想的DWT-SVD盲数字水印算法,与传统的DWT-SVD算法,将水印信息直接嵌入到载体图像中不同,文章将水印图像进行量化嵌入到载体图像中,水印的提取不需要原始载体图像,可用密钥和量化因子实现盲提取。实验结果表明,该算法能够有效抵抗噪声、滤波等攻击。     

基于纹理子块的小波变换数字水印算法

提出了一种基于纹理子块的小波变换数字水印算法，该算法能够依据人眼视觉特性，通过水印图像降维、图像子块划分等措施．将随机置乱的数字水印信息嵌入到高频子带的纹理区内，从而高效率地实现局部水印和全局水印之双重目的。实验结果表明：本文提出的数字水印算法不仅具有较好的透明性，而且对诸如叠加噪声、JPEG压缩、平滑滤波、几何剪切、图像增强、马赛克等攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性。     

视频水印及其在广播电视版权管理中的应用

视频数字水印是视频版权保护的一种有效技术手段。首先针对视频水印的应用，叙述了视频水印具有的特征和分类，然后较重点分析了视频水印的嵌入和提取算法，最后提出一种适用于广播电视版权管理的压缩域水印算法。该算法具有健壮性、抗攻击性、安全性和实时性等特点。     

Discrete Multiwavelet–Based Video Watermarking Scheme Using SURF

This paper proposes a robust, imperceptible block‐based digital video watermarking algorithm that makes use of the Speeded Up Robust Feature (SURF) technique. The SURF technique is used to extract the most important features of a video. A discrete multiwavelet transform (DMWT) domain in conjunction with a discrete cosine transform is used for embedding a watermark into feature blocks. The watermark used is a binary image. The proposed algorithm is further improved for robustness by an error‐correction code to protect the watermark against bit errors. The same watermark is embedded temporally for every set of frames of an input video to improve the decoded watermark correlation. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed DMWT domain video watermarking using SURF features is robust against common image processing attacks, motion JPEG2000 compression, frame averaging, and frame swapping attacks. The quality of a watermarked video under the proposed algorithm is high, demonstrating the imperceptibility of an embedded watermark.     

一种基于FFMPEG系统的视频水印算法

提出一种基于FFMPEG系统的MPEG-2视频水印算法,解决了视频水印中不可避免的视频编解码问题。将水印图像和水印属性转成二进制比特流,作为嵌入视频的水印信息,提取时不需预知水印的尺寸信息就能恢复。同时在每个嵌入帧的起始部位嵌入标志序列,识别已嵌入水印的帧提取水印,而无需重新进入编码过程。实验结果表明,这种方案实现便捷,省时高效,且具有较好的不可见性和鲁棒性。     

基于帧间相关性的盲视频数字水印算法

提出了一种在原始视频中嵌入水印的算法。嵌入的水印由2部分组成:标志水印和信息水印。首先从一段原始视频里随机选出若干视频帧,在这些帧的像素平面亮度分量上固定位置嵌入标志水印,再根据密钥选取其他若干图像块在其离散余弦变换(DCT)直流系数中嵌入信息水印。然后在整段视频的每一小段中重复嵌入水印。提取水印时,只需从整段视频中截取足够包含完整信息水印的一小段视频,通过搜索标志水印快速地选出包含水印信息的帧。然后利用水印帧与前后相邻视频帧之间内容的高度相关性,得到嵌入水印位置像素值的估计,与包含水印信息帧相应位置做比较,提取出水印信息,实现了水印的盲提取。实验结果表明本算法能够抵抗压缩、缩放、帧删除/插入等各种攻击,具有较强的健壮性。     

H.264帧间模式选择水印算法研究

针对H.264/AVC视频编码标准,提出一种基于帧间模式选择的视频水印算法。在亚宏块模式选择的基础上,算法先对二值图像进行Arnold置乱以及turbo码编码形成待嵌入的水印序列;然后,根据水印数据修改亚宏块模式以改变子块数目的奇偶性,并将修改前后SAD值变化最小的亚宏块作为嵌入域;最后,通过隔帧嵌入、增大滤波器滤波强度来降低水印的嵌入对视频质量的影响。仿真结果表明,在不影响水印正确提取的前提下,算法对视频码率影响较小,具有很好的抗噪声能力,并且在视频PSNR方面能取得较好的效果。      

A new video watermarking algorithm based on 1D DFT and Radon transform

In this paper, we propose a new video watermarking algorithm based on the 1D DFT (one-dimensional discrete Fourier transform) and Radon transform. The 1D DFT for a video sequence generates an ideal domain, in which the spatial information is still kept and the temporal information is obtained. With detailed analysis and calculation, we choose the frames with highest temporal frequencies to embed the fence-shaped watermark pattern in the Radon transform domain of the selected frames. The adaptive embedding strength for different locations keeps the fidelity of the watermarked video. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by video compression standard H.264 with three different bit rates; geometric attacks such as rotation, translation, and aspect-ratio changes; and other attacks like frame drop, frame swap, spatial filtering, noise addition, lighting change, and histogram equalization. The main contributions of this paper are the introduction of the 1D DFT along temporal direction for watermarking that enables the robustness against video compression, and the Radon transform-based watermark embedding and extraction that produces the robustness against geometric transformations. One of the most important advantages of this video watermarking algorithm is its simplicity and practicality.     

基于三维小波变换的视频水印嵌入与盲提取算法

为了寻求有效的数字媒体保护方法,该文提出了一种在三维小波变换域内基于二值运算的数字视频水印嵌入算法。为了实现水印的获取,提出了一种相应的水印盲提取算法。水印的嵌入与提取算法每次只对4帧图像进行小波分解,不仅充分利用了小波变换良好的空时多分辨特性,而且占用内存空间少、时延低,适合视频流的在线水印嵌入和提取,并易于硬件的实时实现。实验结果表明,该文所提出的视频水印算法对高斯噪声、MPEG编码、帧平均、帧抽取和帧置乱具有良好的鲁棒性。     

Progressive Watermarking Techniques Using Genetic Algorithms

An innovative watermarking scheme based on progressive transmission with genetic algorithms (GAs) is proposed. We implement the watermarking embedding and extraction systems in the transform domain, and apply the JPEG spectral selection mode for scalable transmission of the watermarked image. By employing a GA with a proper fitness function into the watermarking system, both the watermark imperceptibility and watermark robustness requirements are considered and optimized. The number of embedded bits, or the watermark capacity, is much larger than that in other existing algorithms in the literature. Also, the watermark capacity in the proposed algorithm lies within the theoretical limit. In addition, the embedded watermark can be partly extracted at the receiver side even when the watermarked image is being transmitted. Simulation results show both the robustness and the effectiveness of progressive transmission under different attacking schemes and different bandwidth variations. The proposed scheme is directly applicable to scalable coding of multimedia, such as MPEG-4 scalable video coding.     

SHIP: Cross-layer mobility management scheme based on Session Initiation Protocol and Host Identity Protocol

In law enforcement applications such as surveillance and forensics, video is often presented as evidence. It is therefore of paramount importance to establish the authenticity and reliability of the video data. This paper presents an intelligent video authentication algorithm which integrates learning based Support Vector Machine classification with Singular Value Decomposition watermarking. During video capture and storage, intrinsic local correlation information is extracted from the frames and embedded in the frames at local levels. Tamper detection and classification is performed using the inherent video information and embedded correlation information. The proposed algorithm is independent of the choice of watermark and does not require any key to store. Further, it is robust to global tampering such as frame addition and removal, local attacks such as object alteration and can differentiate between acceptable operations and malicious tampering. Experiments are performed on an extensive database which contains non-tampered videos and videos with several types of tampering. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing video authentication algorithms.     

一种在原始视频帧中嵌入的鲁棒的数字水印

该文提出的在原始视频帧中的扩频水印方案,使用二值图像作为水印,采用每帧索引的办法,并且利用相邻帧的统计相关性来嵌入水印。对于丢帧、帧重组以及共谋攻击有很强的鲁棒性。水印提取时不需要用到原始视频。文中对该方案进行了详细的介绍,并给出了仿真实验结果。     

SIFT based video watermarking resistant to temporal scaling

In this paper, a blind video watermarking scheme is proposed which can resist temporal scaling such as frame dropping and frame rate adaptation due to scalable compression by exploiting the scale invariance property of the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT). A video scene can also be viewed from side plane where height is the number of rows in a video frame, width is the number of frames in the scene and depth is the number of columns in the frame. In this work, intensity values of selected embedding locations changed such that strong SIFT feature can be generated. SIFT features are extracted from side plane of the video. These newly generated SIFT features are used for watermark signal and are stored in the database for the authentication. A comprehensive set of experiments has been done to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed scheme over the existing literature against temporal attacks.